Lua 5.3 — SOL2.0 用户指南
SOL2.2 是一个快速、简单的C++与LUA的绑定器。如果确定要在你的程序里面同时运行Lua和C++,SOL 是一个高性能的绑定器,是一个API使用方便的 GO-TO 框架。
简单看一下特点:这个链接到(未链接)大部分API。您也可以直接浏览API或阅读教程。要了解有关usertypes的实现的详细信息,请参阅此处要了解如何处理函数参数,请参阅此注释。看不到你想要的功能?向问题跟踪器发送有关特定抽象支持的请求。
下面的代码和更多示例可以在examples目录中找到
#define SOL_CHECK_ARGUMENTS 1
#include <sol.hpp>
#include "../assert.hpp"
int main() {
sol::state lua;
int x = 0;
lua.set_function("beep", [&x]{ ++x; });
lua.script("beep()");
c_assert(x == 1);
sol::function beep = lua["beep"];
beep();
c_assert(x == 2);
return 0;
}
#define SOL_CHECK_ARGUMENTS 1
#include <sol.hpp>
#include "../assert.hpp"
struct vars {
int boop = 0;
int bop () const {
return boop + 1;
}
};
int main() {
sol::state lua;
lua.new_usertype<vars>("vars",
"boop", &vars::boop,
"bop", &vars::bop);
lua.script("beep = vars.new()\n"
"beep.boop = 1\n"
"bopvalue = beep:bop()");
vars& beep = lua["beep"];
int bopvalue = lua["bopvalue"];
c_assert(beep.boop == 1);
c_assert(lua.get<vars>("beep").boop == 1);
c_assert(beep.bop() == 2);
c_assert(bopvalue == 2);
return 0;
}
注意
在你学习了sol的基础知识之后,建议你如果认为某些东西可以运行,你应该尝试一下。它可能会运行!
以下所有代码均可在sol2教程示例中找到。
断言/先决条件
The implementation for assert.hpp with c_assert looks like so:
你需要代码中#include<sol.hpp>#include "sol.hpp"。SOL只有头文件,所以你不需要编译任何东西。但是,Lua必须编译并可用。有关更多详细信息,请参阅入门教程。
assert.hpp 和 c_assert 的实现看起来像这样:
#ifndef EXAMPLES_ASSERT_HPP
#define EXAMPLES_ASSERT_HPP
# define m_assert(condition, message) \
do { \
if (! (condition)) { \
std::cerr << "Assertion `" #condition "` failed in " << __FILE__ \
<< " line " << __LINE__ << ": " << message << std::endl; \
std::terminate(); \
} \
} while (false)
# define c_assert(condition) \
do { \
if (! (condition)) { \
std::cerr << "Assertion `" #condition "` failed in " << __FILE__ \
<< " line " << __LINE__ << std::endl; \
std::terminate(); \
} \
} while (false)
#else
# define m_assert(condition, message) do { if (false) { (void)(condition); (void)sizeof(message); } } while (false)
# define c_assert(condition) do { if (false) { (void)(condition); } } while (false)
#endif
#endif // EXAMPLES_ASSERT_HPP
这是下面示例代码中使用的断言。
打开状态
#define SOL_CHECK_ARGUMENTS 1
#include <sol.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include "../../assert.hpp"
int main(int, char*[]) {
std::cout << "=== opening a state ===" << std::endl;
sol::state lua;
// open some common libraries
lua.open_libraries(sol::lib::base, sol::lib::package);
lua.script("print('bark bark bark!')");
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}
在lua_State上使用sol2 *
对于已经使用Lua或使用其他的Lua系统(LuaBridge,kaguya,Luwra等)的系统/游戏,你仍然会喜欢sol2的:
#define SOL_CHECK_ARGUMENTS 1
#include <sol.hpp>
#include <iostream>
int use_sol2(lua_State* L) {
sol::state_view lua(L);
lua.script("print('bark bark bark!')");
return 0;
}
int main(int, char*[]) {
std::cout << "=== opening sol::state_view on raw Lua ===" << std::endl;
lua_State* L = luaL_newstate();
luaL_openlibs(L);
lua_pushcclosure(L, &use_sol2, 0);
lua_setglobal(L, "use_sol2");
if (luaL_dostring(L, "use_sol2()")) {
lua_error(L);
return -1;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}
运行lua代码
#define SOL_CHECK_ARGUMENTS 1
#include <sol.hpp>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include "../../assert.hpp"
int main(int, char*[]) {
std::cout << "=== running lua code ===" << std::endl;
sol::state lua;
lua.open_libraries(sol::lib::base);
// load and execute from string
lua.script("a = 'test'");
// load and execute from file
lua.script_file("a_lua_script.lua");
// run a script, get the result
int value = lua.script("return 54");
c_assert(value == 54);
//要运行Lua代码但需有错误处理程序以防出现问题:
auto bad_code_result = lua.script("123 herp.derp", [](lua_State*, sol::protected_function_result pfr) {
// pfr will contain things that went wrong, for either loading or executing the script
// Can throw your own custom error
// You can also just return it, and let the call-site handle the error if necessary.
return pfr;
});
// it did not work
c_assert(!bad_code_result.valid());
// the default handler panics or throws, depending on your settings
// uncomment for explosions:
//auto bad_code_result_2 = lua.script("bad.code", &sol::script_default_on_error);
return 0;
}
运行lua代码(底层)
您可以使用单独的加载和函数调用操作符来加载,检查,然后运行和检查代码。
警告
这只是在你需要某种细粒度控制的情况下:对于99%的情况,运行lua代码是首选,并避免在不理解脚本/加载与需要在加载后运行块之间的差异时的缺陷。
#define SOL_CHECK_ARGUMENTS 1
#include <sol.hpp>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include "../../assert.hpp"
int main(int, char*[]) {
std::cout << "=== running lua code (low level) ===" << std::endl;
sol::state lua;
lua.open_libraries(sol::lib::base);
// load file without execute
sol::load_result script1 = lua.load_file("a_lua_script.lua");
//execute
script1();
// load string without execute
sol::load_result script2 = lua.load("a = 'test'");
//execute
sol::protected_function_result script2result = script2();
// optionally, check if it worked
if (script2result.valid()) {
// yay!
}
else {
// aww
}
sol::load_result script3 = lua.load("return 24");
// execute, get return value
int value2 = script3();
c_assert(value2 == 24);
return 0;
}
