{"id":1657,"date":"2018-09-13T15:44:25","date_gmt":"2018-09-13T07:44:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damogame.cn:15443\/wordpress\/?p=1657"},"modified":"2018-09-13T15:44:25","modified_gmt":"2018-09-13T07:44:25","slug":"linux%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%e5%8f%8a%e7%93%b6%e9%a2%88%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/1657","title":{"rendered":"linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u53ca\u74f6\u9888\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
\n

linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u53ca\u74f6\u9888\u5206\u6790<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n
\n
2016\u5e7404\u670804\u65e5 19:49:15<\/span>\u00a0sunshinewave<\/a>\u00a0\u9605\u8bfb\u6570\uff1a6438<\/span>\u66f4\u591a<\/span><\/p>\n
\u4e2a\u4eba\u5206\u7c7b\uff1a<\/span>\u00a0Linux<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u4e00\uff0c\u7528vmstat\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edfI\/O\u60c5\u51b5
\n[root@localhost ~]# vmstat -n 3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u6bcf\u4e2a3\u79d2\u5237\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff09
\nprocs———–memory——————–swap— —io—- –system—- ——cpu——–
\nr \u00a0 b \u00a0 \u00a0swpd \u00a0 free \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 buff \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 cache \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 si \u00a0 so \u00a0 bi \u00a0 \u00a0bo \u00a0 in \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0cs \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0us \u00a0 sy \u00a0 id \u00a0 wa
\n1 \u00a00 \u00a0 144 186164 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a018 \u00a0 166 \u00a083 \u00a0 \u00a0 2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a048 \u00a0 21 \u00a031 \u00a0 0
\n2 \u00a00 \u00a0 144 189620 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 177 \u00a01039 1210 \u00a0 34 \u00a0 10 \u00a056 \u00a0 \u00a00
\n0 \u00a00 \u00a0 144 214324 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a010 \u00a0 1071 \u00a0 670 \u00a0 \u00a032 \u00a0 5 \u00a0 \u00a063 \u00a0 \u00a00
\n0 \u00a00 \u00a0 144 202212 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 189 \u00a0 1035 \u00a0 558 \u00a0 20 \u00a0 3 \u00a0 \u00a077 \u00a0 \u00a00
\n2 \u00a00 \u00a0 144 158772 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 203 \u00a01065 2832 \u00a0 \u00a070 \u00a014 \u00a015 \u00a0 \u00a00<\/p>\n

IO
\n-bi:\u4ece\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u8bfb\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u603b\u91cf\uff08\u8bfb\u78c1\u76d8\uff09\uff08KB\/S\uff09
\n-bo:\u5199\u5165\u5230\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6570\u636e\u603b\u91cf\uff08\u5199\u78c1\u76d8\uff09\uff08KB\/S\uff09
\n\u968f\u673a\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd92\u4e2a\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\uff08\u5982\u8d85\u51fa1M),\u80fd\u770b\u5230CPU\u5728IO\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u503c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8d8a\u5927<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\uff0c\u7528iostat\u5206\u6790I\/O\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6ca1\u6709iostat\uff0csar\uff0cmpstat\u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5sysstat- 7.0.2-1.el5.i386.rpm\u5305\uff0ciostat\u5de5\u5177\u5c06\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u89c6\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u6c47\u62a5\u78c1\u76d8\u6d3b\u52a8\u7edf\u8ba1\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6c47\u62a5\u51faCPU \u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u540cvmstat\u4e00\u6837\uff0ciostat\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f31\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ec5\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

iostat\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801
\niostat [ -c | -d ] [ -k ] [ -t ] [ -V ] [ -x [ device ] ] [ interval [ count ] ]<\/p>\n

-c\u4e3a\u6c47\u62a5CPU\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b
\n-d\u4e3a\u6c47\u62a5\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b
\n-k\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u79d2\u6309kilobytes\u5b57\u8282\u663e\u793a\u6570\u636e\uff1b
\n-t\u4e3a\u6253\u5370\u6c47\u62a5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b
\n-v\u8868\u793a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\uff1b
\n-x device\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff1b
\ninterval\u6307\u6bcf\u6b21\u7edf\u8ba1\u95f4\u9694\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b
\ncount\u6307\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

iostat\u5728\u5185\u68382.4\u548c\u5185\u68382.6\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\u4e0d\u592a\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8ekernel 2.4, iostat \u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u662f \/proc\/partitions\uff1b\u57282.6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\/proc\/diskstats\u548c\/sys\/block\/sd*\/stat\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6
\n#cat \/proc\/diskstats | grep sda
\n8 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0sda \u00a0 17945521 \u00a01547188 \u00a0 \u00a0466667211 \u00a0174042714 \u00a0 15853874 42776252 \u00a0 469241932 \u00a02406054445 \u00a00 \u00a0137655809 \u00a0 2580960422
\n8 \u00a0 \u00a01 \u00a0 sda1 \u00a0936 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1876 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a06 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a012
\n8 \u00a0 \u00a02 \u00a0 sda2 \u00a019489178 \u00a0466659986 58655070 \u00a0 \u00a0469240224
\n8 \u00a0 \u00a03 \u00a0 sda3 \u00a01270 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1441 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a033 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 264
\n8 \u00a0 \u00a04 \u00a0 sda4 \u00a04 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0
\n8 \u00a0 \u00a05 \u00a0 sda5 \u00a0648 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1442 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0
\n8 \u00a0 \u00a06 \u00a0 sda6 \u00a0648 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1442 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0<\/p>\n

\u7b2c1\u5217 : \u78c1\u76d8\u4e3b\u8bbe\u5907\u53f7(major)
\n\u7b2c2\u5217 : \u78c1\u76d8\u6b21\u8bbe\u5907\u53f7(minor)
\n\u7b2c3\u5217 : \u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u540d(name)
\n\u7b2c4\u5217 : \u8bfb\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570(rio)
\n\u7b2c5\u5217 : \u5408\u5e76\u7684\u8bfb\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570(rmerge)
\n\u7b2c6\u5217 : \u8bfb\u6247\u533a\u603b\u6570(rsect)
\n\u7b2c7\u5217 : \u00a0 \u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u662fms.(\u4ece__make_request\u5230 end_that_request_last)(ruse)
\n\u7b2c8\u5217 : \u00a0 \u5199\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570(wio)
\n\u7b2c9\u5217 : \u00a0 \u5408\u5e76\u7684\u5199\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570(wmerge)
\n\u7b2c10\u5217 : \u5199\u6247\u533a\u603b\u6570(wsect)
\n\u7b2c11\u5217 : \u5199\u6570\u636e\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u662fms. (\u4ece__make_request\u5230 end_that_request_last)(wuse)
\n\u7b2c12\u5217 : \u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684I\/O\u6570(running),\u7b49\u4e8eI\/O\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570
\n\u7b2c13\u5217 : \u7cfb\u7edf\u771f\u6b63\u82b1\u8d39\u5728I\/O\u4e0a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9664\u53bb\u91cd\u590d\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4(aveq)
\n\u7b2c14\u5217 : \u7cfb\u7edf\u5728I\/O\u4e0a\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4(use)\u3002<\/p>\n

#iostat -x 1
\nLinux 2.6.18-53.el5PAE (localhost.localdomain) \u00a003\/27\/2009
\navg-cpu: \u00a0%user \u00a0 %nice %system %iowait \u00a0%steal \u00a0 %idle
\n30.72 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a05.00 \u00a0 \u00a05.72 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 58.56
\nDevice: \u00a0 rrqm\/s \u00a0 wrqm\/s \u00a0 \u00a0r\/s \u00a0 \u00a0w\/s \u00a0 \u00a0 rsec\/s \u00a0 wsec\/s \u00a0 avgrq-sz avgqu-sz \u00a0 await \u00a0 \u00a0svctm \u00a0 \u00a0%util
\nsda \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.79 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 21.81 \u00a0 \u00a0 9.15 \u00a0 8.08 \u00a0 237.99 \u00a0 239.29 \u00a0 \u00a027.69 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.32 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 76.31 \u00a0 \u00a04.07 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a07.02
\nsdb \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.69 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a019.13 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.26 \u00a0 2.99 \u00a0 153.08 \u00a0 176.92 \u00a0 \u00a052.85 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.43 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 68.80 \u00a0 \u00a05.96 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.72
\nsdc \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3.47 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 89.30 \u00a0 \u00a0 10.95 \u00a07.30 \u00a0 213.30 \u00a0 772.94 \u00a0 \u00a054.04 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.32 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 72.43 \u00a0 \u00a04.18 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a07.63
\n\u6bcf\u9879\u6570\u636e\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c
\nrrqm\/s: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u79d2\u8fdb\u884c merge \u7684\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u76ee\u3002\u5373 rmerge\/s
\nwrqm\/s: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u79d2\u8fdb\u884c merge \u7684\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u76ee\u3002\u5373 wmerge\/s
\nr\/s: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u79d2\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u8bfb I\/O \u8bbe\u5907\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u5373 rio\/s
\nw\/s: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u79d2\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u5199 I\/O \u8bbe\u5907\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u5373 wio\/s
\nrsec\/s: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u79d2\u8bfb\u6247\u533a\u6570\u3002\u5373 rsect\/s
\nwsec\/s: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u79d2\u5199\u6247\u533a\u6570\u3002\u5373 wsect\/s
\nrkB\/s: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u79d2\u8bfbK\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002\u662f rsect\/s \u7684\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6247\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a512\u5b57\u8282\u3002
\nwkB\/s: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u79d2\u5199K\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002\u662f wsect\/s \u7684\u4e00\u534a\u3002
\navgrq-sz: \u00a0 \u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bbe\u5907I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f (\u6247\u533a)\u3002\u5373 (rsect+wsect)\/(rio+wio)
\navgqu-sz: \u00a0 \u5e73\u5747I\/O\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u5373 aveq\/1000 (\u56e0\u4e3aaveq\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u6beb\u79d2)\u3002
\nawait: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bbe\u5907I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4 (\u6beb\u79d2)\u3002\u5373 (ruse+wuse)\/(rio+wio)
\nsvctm: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bbe\u5907I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\u95f4 (\u6beb\u79d2)\u3002\u5373 use\/(rio+wio)
\n%util: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e00\u79d2\u4e2d\u6709\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u591a\u5c11\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7528\u4e8e I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u4e00\u79d2\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n

I\/O\u961f\u5217\u662f\u975e\u7a7a\u7684,\u5373use\/1000 (\u56e0\u4e3ause\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u6beb\u79d2),
\n\u5982\u679c %util \u63a5\u8fd1 100%\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4ea7\u751f\u7684I\/O\u8bf7\u6c42\u592a\u591a\uff0cI\/O\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ee1\u8d1f\u8377\uff0c\u8be5\u78c1\u76d8\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n

svctm \u4e00\u822c\u8981\u5c0f\u4e8e await (\u56e0\u4e3a\u540c\u65f6\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u88ab\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e86)\uff0c
\nsvctm \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e00\u822c\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u5173\uff0cCPU\/\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8d1f\u8377\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5176\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fc7\u591a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u95f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4 svctm \u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n

await \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e00\u822c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\u95f4(svctm) \u4ee5\u53ca I\/O \u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u548c I\/O \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u53d1\u51fa\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c svctm \u6bd4\u8f83\u63a5\u8fd1 await\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e I\/O \u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u5982\u679c await \u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e svctm\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e I\/O \u961f\u5217\u592a\u957f\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u6162\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u8bb8\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u66f4\u6362\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u8c03\u6574\u5185\u6838 elevator \u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5347\u7ea7 CPU\u3002
\n\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6(avgqu-sz)\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf I\/O \u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e avgqu-sz \u662f\u6309\u7167\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u77ac\u95f4\u7684 I\/O \u6d2a\u6c34\u3002
\nio\/s = r\/s +w\/s
\nawait=(ruse+wuse)\/io\uff08\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\uff09
\nawait*io\/s=\u6bcf\u79d2\u5185\u7684I\/O\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u5171\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u7684ms
\navgqu-sz=await*(r\/s+w\/s)\/1000(\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6)
\n\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6570\u636e\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0e\/proc\/diskstats\u4e2d\u9664\u8bbe\u5907\u53f7\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u5916\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7565\u6709\u5dee\u522b\u800c\u5df2\u3002
\n#cat \/sys\/block\/sda\/stat
\n17949157 \u00a01547772 466744707 174070520 15855905 42781288 469298468 2406092114 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02 137680700 2581025934<\/p>\n

\u4e09\uff0csar -b \u76d1\u63a7I\/O<\/p>\n

#sar -b 1 10
\nLinux 2.6.18-53.el5PAE (localhost.localdomain) \u00a003\/29\/2009
\n12:19:40 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 tps \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0rtps \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 wtps \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0bread\/s \u00a0 \u00a0bwrtn\/s
\n12:19:42 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 21.48 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a09.40 \u00a0 \u00a0 12.08 \u00a0 \u00a0187.92 \u00a0 \u00a0429.53
\n12:19:43 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 14.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 14.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0840.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00
\n12:19:44 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 10.29 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a08.82 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.47 \u00a0 \u00a0235.29 \u00a0 \u00a0217.65
\n12:19:45 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 12.87 \u00a0 \u00a0 10.89 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.98 \u00a0 \u00a0752.48 \u00a0 \u00a0142.57
\n12:19:46 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 19.82 \u00a0 \u00a0 12.61 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a07.21 \u00a0 \u00a0425.23 \u00a0 \u00a0381.98
\n12:19:47 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 19.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 19.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0512.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00
\n12:19:49 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a09.29 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a09.29 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0262.86 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00
\n12:19:50 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 16.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a05.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 11.00 \u00a0 \u00a0144.00 \u00a0 \u00a0536.00
\n12:19:51 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 17.65 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a08.82 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a08.82 \u00a0 \u00a0211.76 \u00a0 \u00a0235.29
\n12:19:52 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 41.41 \u00a0 \u00a0 29.29 \u00a0 \u00a0 12.12 \u00a0 \u00a0614.14 \u00a0 \u00a0363.64
\nAverage: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 17.75 \u00a0 \u00a0 12.30 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a05.45 \u00a0 \u00a0397.19 \u00a0 \u00a0231.99<\/p>\n

-tps:\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u53d1\u9001transfer\u7684\u603b\u6570\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2atransfer\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aI\/O\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u7684I\/O\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2atransfer\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u3002
\n-rtps:\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8bfb\u7684\u603b\u6570
\n-wtps:\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5199\u7684\u603b\u6570
\n-bread\/s:\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u603b\u6570
\n-bwrtn\/s:\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u603b\u6570<\/p>\n

\u56db\uff0csar -d 1 10
\nLinux 2.6.18-53.el5PAE (localhost.localdomain) \u00a003\/29\/2009
\n12:38:56 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 DEV \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 tps \u00a0rd_sec\/s \u00a0wr_sec\/s \u00a0avgrq-sz \u00a0avgqu-sz \u00a0 \u00a0 await \u00a0 \u00a0 svctm \u00a0 \u00a0 %util
\n12:38:57 AM \u00a0 \u00a0 dev8-0 \u00a0 \u00a0 15.00 \u00a0 \u00a0232.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 15.47 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.01 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.87 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.87 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.30
\n12:38:57 AM \u00a0 dev8-16 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a06.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 80.00 \u00a0 \u00a0320.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 66.67 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.05 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 8.67 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a08.67 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a05.20
\n12:38:57 AM \u00a0 dev8-32 \u00a0 \u00a0 10.00 \u00a0 \u00a0224.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 22.40 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.09 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 9.20 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a09.20 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a09.20<\/p>\n

tps\uff1a\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u53d1\u9001transfer\u7684\u603b\u6570\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2atransfer\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aI\/O\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u7684I\/O\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2atransfer\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a
\nrd_sec\/s
\n\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6247\u533a\u6570\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u533a512 bytes.
\nwr_sec\/s
\n\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6247\u533a\u6570\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u533a512 bytes.
\navgrq-sz
\n\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6247\u533a\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5927\u5c0f\u3002
\navgqu-sz
\n\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6.
\nawait
\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u6beb\u79d2\uff09.\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u6d88\u8017\u65f6\u95f4
\nsvctm
\n\u5bf9IO\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\u95f4.
\n%util
\nI\/O\u8bf7\u6c42\u5360\u7528\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n

Linux\u547d\u4ee4—-\u5206\u6790\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u74f6\u9888<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u78c1\u76d8\u5b58\u53d6\u6548\u7387, Linux\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1, \u9664\u4e86\u5bf9dentry\u8fdb\u884c\u7f13\u5b58(\u7528\u4e8eVFS,\u52a0\u901f\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u5230inode\u7684\u8f6c\u6362), \u8fd8\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981Cache\u65b9\u5f0f:Buffer Cache\u548cPage Cache.\u524d\u8005\u9488\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u5757\u7684\u8bfb\u5199,\u540e\u8005\u9488\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6inode\u7684\u8bfb\u5199.\u8fd9\u4e9bCache\u6709\u6548\u7f29\u77ed\u4e86I\/O\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528(\u6bd4\u5982 read,write,getdents)\u7684\u65f6\u95f4.
\n\u5185\u5b58\u6d3b\u52a8\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u75283\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6765\u91cf\u5316:\u6d3b\u52a8\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u91cf,\u4ea4\u6362(swapping)\u7387\u548c\u8c03\u9875(paging)\u7387.\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u660e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u603b\u9700\u6c42 \u91cf,\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u90a3\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6b63\u5904\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u4e2d.\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u6d3b\u52a8\u6216\u589e\u52a0\u5185\u5b58\u91cf,\u76f4\u5230\u8c03\u9875\u7387\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0a\u4e3a\u6b62.
\n\u6d3b\u52a8\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u603b\u91cf(VM)=\u5b9e\u9645\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f(size of real memory)(\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58)+\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f(amount of swap space used)
\n\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u65f6\uff0cUNIX\u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u8c03\u9875\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5373\u7cfb\u7edfcopy\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u9875\u9762\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u817e\u51fa\u6765\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\n\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fcd\u53d7\u5076\u5c14\u7684\u8c03\u9875\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u8c03\u9875\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u6025\u5267\u4e0b\u964d\u3002
\nUNIX\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\uff1aUNIX\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc72\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u201c\u8c03\u9875\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4ea4\u6362\u6280\u672f\u201d\u3002
\n\u8c03\u9875\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6700\u8fd1\u4e0d\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9875\u9762\u6362\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u628a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9875\u9762\uff08\u6d3b\u52a8\u9875\u9762\uff09\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u4f9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\n\u4ea4\u6362\u6280\u672f\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u6362\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ea4\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002
\n\u5f53\u5185\u5b58\u4e25\u91cd\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u9891\u7e41\u4f7f\u7528\u8c03\u9875\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u8fd9\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u7cfb\u7edfI\/O\u8d44\u6e90\u95ee\u9898\u53c8\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5206\u914d\u3002
\nUnix\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58
\nUnix\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5206\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab\u673a\u5236\u7684\u900f\u660e\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u5206\u914d\u6bd4\u7cfb\u7edf\u73b0\u6709\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u865a\u5b58\u751a\u81f3\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f13\u5b58\u529f\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u98ce\u683c\u7684UNIX\u7684\u865a\u5b58\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u533a\u522b\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u4e0b\u9762\u76844\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u3002
\n1:\u5b9e\u9645\u5185\u5b58
\n\u5b9e\u9645\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3aRAM\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u4e34\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u6700\u5feb\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u987b\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684RAM\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff1aSIMM\u3001DIMM\u3001Rambus\u3001DDR\u7b49\uff0c\u5f88\u591aRAM\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ea0\u9519\u673a\u5236\uff08ECC\uff09\u3002
\n2:\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4
\n\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u9875\u9762\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u63a8\u8350\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4e8c\u5230\u56db\u500d\u3002
\n3:\u9875\u9762\u8c03\u5ea6
\n\u9875\u9762\u8c03\u5ea6\u662f\u6307\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u5411\u5185\u5b58\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u9875\u9762\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aUnix\u5185\u5b58\u88ab\u5e73\u5747\u5212\u5206\u6210\u5927\u5c0f\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u9875\u9762\uff1b\u901a\u5e38\u9875\u9762\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 4KB\u548c8KB\uff08\u5728Solaris\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528pagesize\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6620\u8c61\u4f1a\u4e00\u9875\u4e00\u9875\u5730\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u4e2d\u6362\u5165\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5f53\u67d0\u4e9b\u5185 \u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7a7a\u95f2\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u6362\u51fa\u5230\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684RAM\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u5b83\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\n4:\u4ea4\u6362
\n\u9875\u9762\u8c03\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u9875\u9762\u8c03\u5ea6\u662f\u6307\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u5360\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u90e8\u5206\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4ea4\u6362\u662f\u6307\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5df2\u4e0d\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u65b0\u7684\u5206\u914d\u9700\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u6d3b\u52a8\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002
\n[root@localhost ~]# vmstat -n 3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u6bcf\u4e2a3\u79d2\u5237\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff09
\nprocs———–memory——————–swap——io—- –system—- ——cpu——–
\nr \u00a0 b \u00a0 \u00a0swpd \u00a0 free \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 buff \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 cache \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 si \u00a0 so \u00a0 \u00a0bi \u00a0 \u00a0bo \u00a0 in \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0cs \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0us \u00a0 sy \u00a0 id \u00a0 wa
\n1 \u00a00 \u00a0 144 186164 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 18 \u00a0 166 \u00a083 \u00a0 \u00a0 2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a048 \u00a0 21 \u00a031 \u00a00
\n2 \u00a00 \u00a0 144 189620 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 177 \u00a01039 1210 \u00a0 34 \u00a0 10 \u00a056 \u00a0 0
\n0 \u00a00 \u00a0 144 214324 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a010 \u00a0 1071 \u00a0 670 \u00a0 \u00a032 \u00a0 5 \u00a0 \u00a063 \u00a0 0
\n0 \u00a00 \u00a0 144 202212 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 189 \u00a0 1035 \u00a0 558 \u00a0 20 \u00a0 3 \u00a0 \u00a077 \u00a0 0
\n2 \u00a00 \u00a0 144 158772 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 203 \u00a01065 2832 \u00a0 \u00a070 \u00a014 \u00a015 \u00a0 0
\nMEMORY
\n-swap:\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4ea4\u6362\u5185\u5b58\u4e0a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ee5KB\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09
\n\u5982\u679cSWAP\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u4e3a0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8d85\u8fc7100M\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662fSI\uff0cSO\u7684\u503c\u957f\u671f\u4e3a0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002-free:\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58
\n– buff:\u4f5c\u4e3abuffer cache\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5bf9\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u8fdb\u884c\u7f13\u51b2
\n-cache\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3apage cache\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684cache
\n\u5982\u679ccache\u7684\u503c\u5927\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8bf4\u660ecache\u5904\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u591a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9891\u7e41\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u80fd\u88abcache\u5904\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8bfbIO bi\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u3002
\nSWAP
\n-si:\u4ea4\u6362\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7531\u78c1\u76d8\u8c03\u5165\u5185\u5b58
\n-so:\u4ea4\u6362\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7531\u5185\u5b58\u8c03\u5165\u78c1\u76d8
\n\u5185\u5b58\u591f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd92\u4e2a\u503c\u90fd\u662f0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd92\u4e2a\u503c\u957f\u671f\u5927\u4e8e0\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8IO\u548cCPU\u8d44\u6e90\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6d88\u8017\u3002
\n\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u4e9b\u670b\u53cb\u770b\u5230\u7a7a\u95f2\u5185\u5b58\uff08FREE\uff09\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u6216\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e0\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5149\u770b\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0cLinux\u662f\u62a2\u5360\u5185\u5b58\u5f0f\u7684OS\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u7ed3\u5408si,so\uff0c\u5982\u679cfree\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u662fsi,so\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c11\uff08\u5927\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u662f0\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u8fd9\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

Linux\u547d\u4ee4—-\u5206\u6790CPU\u7684\u74f6\u9888<\/p>\n

\u8861\u91cfCPU\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff1a
\n1\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528CPU\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b
\nCPU\u8fd0\u884c\u5e38\u89c4\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b
\nCPU\u8fd0\u884cniced process
\nCPU\u8fd0\u884c\u5b9e\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b
\n2\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528CPU\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b
\n\u7528\u4e8eI\/O\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u4e2d\u65ad\u548c\u9a71\u52a8
\n\u7528\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u9875\u9762\u4ea4\u6362
\n\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362
\n3\uff0cWIO\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u800c\u4f7fCPU\u5904\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u3002
\n4\uff0cCPU\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u7387\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684WIO\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4
\n5\uff0cCPU\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u6bd4\u7387
\n6\uff0cnice
\n7\uff0creal-time
\n8\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6
\n9\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d
\nLinux\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u76d1\u63a7CPU\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6709\uff1a
\n? mpstat\uff1a mpstat \u4e0d\u4f46\u80fd\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709CPU\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9aCPU\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\n? vmstat\uff1a\u53ea\u80fd\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709CPU\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u67e5\u770bcpu\u961f\u5217\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b
\n? iostat: \u53ea\u80fd\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709CPU\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\n? sar\uff1a \u4e0empstat \u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u80fd\u67e5\u770bCPU\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9aCPU\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\n? top\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u540cps\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u4f46\u662ftop\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5230CPU\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u663e\u793a\u3002
\n\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u4e00\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a
\n\u4e00\uff0cvmstat
\n[root@localhost ~]#vmstat -n 3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (\u6bcf\u4e2a3\u79d2\u5237\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff09
\nprocs———–memory——————–swap– —-io—- –system—- ——cpu——–
\nr b \u00a0 swpd \u00a0 free \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 buff \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 cache \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 si \u00a0 so \u00a0 \u00a0bi \u00a0 \u00a0bo \u00a0 in \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0cs \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0us \u00a0 sy \u00a0 id \u00a0wa
\n10 \u00a0 \u00a0144 186164 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 18 \u00a0 166 \u00a083 \u00a0 \u00a0 2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a048 \u00a0 21 \u00a031 \u00a00
\n20 \u00a0 \u00a0144 189620 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 177 \u00a01039 1210 \u00a0 34 \u00a0 10 \u00a056 \u00a00
\n00 \u00a0 \u00a0144 214324 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a010 \u00a0 1071 \u00a0 670 \u00a0 \u00a032 \u00a0 5 \u00a0 \u00a063 \u00a00
\n00 \u00a0 \u00a0144 202212 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 189 \u00a0 1035 \u00a0 558 \u00a0 \u00a020 \u00a0 3 \u00a0 \u00a077 \u00a00
\n20 \u00a0 \u00a0144 158772 105252 2386848 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 203 \u00a01065 2832 \u00a0 \u00a070 \u00a014 \u00a015 \u00a00
\n\u7ea2\u8272\u5185\u5bb9\u6807\u793aCPU\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u53c2\u6570PROC(ESSES)
\n–r:\u5982\u679c\u5728processes\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5e8f\u5217(process r)\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5927\u4e8e\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684CPU\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u73b0\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u6162,\u6709\u591a\u6570\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85CPU.
\n\u5982\u679cr\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u5927\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ef\u7528CPU\u4e2a\u6570\u76844\u500d\u7684\u8bdd,\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u9762\u4e34\u7740CPU\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u95ee\u9898,\u6216\u8005\u662fCPU\u7684\u901f\u7387\u8fc7\u4f4e,\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u6570\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u7b49\u5f85CPU,\u9020\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u6162.<\/p>\n

SYSTEM
\n–in:\u6bcf\u79d2\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u6b21\u6570
\n–cs:\u6bcf\u79d2\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6b21\u6570
\n\u4e0a\u97622\u4e2a\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u7531\u5185\u6838\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u8d8a\u5927<\/p>\n

CPU
\n-us:\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206
\nus\u7684\u503c\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u957f\u671f\u8d8550%\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u4f18\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6216\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u901f\uff08\u6bd4\u5982PHP\/PERL\uff09
\n-sy:\u5185\u6838\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff08sy\u7684\u503c\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU\u8d44\u6e90\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u826f\u6027\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u68c0\u67e5\u539f\u56e0\uff09
\n-wa:IO\u7b49\u5f85\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4
\nwa\u7684\u503c\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660eIO\u7b49\u5f85\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u4e8e\u78c1\u76d8\u5927\u91cf\u4f5c\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u9020\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u78c1\u76d8\u51fa\u73b0\u74f6\u9888\uff08\u5757\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u3002
\n-id:CPU\u5904\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4,\u5982\u679c\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4(cpu id)\u6301\u7eed\u4e3a0\u5e76\u4e14\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4(cpu sy)\u662f\u7528\u6237\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e24\u500d(cpu us) \u7cfb\u7edf\u5219\u9762\u4e34\u7740CPU\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u77ed\u7f3a.<\/p>\n

\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5:
\n\u5f53\u53d1\u751f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8bf7\u5148\u8c03\u6574\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9CPU\u7684\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5.\u4f7f\u5f97\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4f7f\u7528CPU.\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u589e\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684CPU. \u00a0\u5173\u4e8eCPU\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5 \u51b5\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408mpstat, \u00a0ps aux top \u00a0prstat ?a\u7b49\u7b49\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u5173\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684CPU\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5,\u548c\u90a3\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4.\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u4e00\u4e9b.\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e9b SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7b49\u7b49\u90fd\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u73b0\u8c61.<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\uff0csar
\nsar [options] [-A] [-o file] t [n]<\/p>\n

\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\uff0cn \u548ct \u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u91c7\u6837\u95f4\u9694\u548c\u6b21\u6570\uff0ct\u4e3a\u91c7\u6837\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u6709
\n\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0cn\u4e3a\u91c7\u6837\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f1\uff0c-o file\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f
\n\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0cfile \u5728\u6b64\u5904\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002options \u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\uff0csar\u547d\u4ee4
\n\u7684\u9009\u9879\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u53ea\u5217\u51fa\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n

-A\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u603b\u548c\u3002
\n-u\uff1aCPU\u5229\u7528\u7387
\n-v\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001I\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u9501\u8868\u72b6\u6001\u3002
\n-d\uff1a\u786c\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u62a5\u544a\u3002
\n-r\uff1a\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002
\n-g\uff1a\u4e32\u53e3I\/O\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002
\n-b\uff1a\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002
\n-a\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\u60c5\u51b5\u3002
\n-c\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002
\n-q\uff1a\u62a5\u544a\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d
\n-R\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u60c5\u51b5\u3002
\n-y\uff1a\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u6d3b\u52a8\u60c5\u51b5\u3002
\n-w\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea4\u6362\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002
\n-x { pid | SELF | ALL }\uff1a\u62a5\u544a\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cSELF\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u662fsar\u8fdb\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0cALL\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528sar\u8fdb\u884cCPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u7684\u5206\u6790
\n#sar -u 2 10
\nLinux 2.6.18-53.el5PAE (localhost.localdomain) \u00a003\/28\/2009
\n07:40:17 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 CPU \u00a0 \u00a0 %user \u00a0 \u00a0 %nice \u00a0 %system \u00a0 %iowait \u00a0 \u00a0%steal \u00a0 \u00a0 %idle
\n07:40:19 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 all \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 12.44 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 6.97 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.74 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a078.86
\n07:40:21 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 all \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 26.75 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a012.50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 16.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a044.75
\n07:40:23 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 all \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 16.96 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 7.98 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a075.06
\n07:40:25 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 all \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 22.50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 7.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.25 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a067.25
\n07:40:27 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 all \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 7.25 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2.75 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a087.50
\n07:40:29 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 all \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 20.05 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 8.56 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.93 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a068.46
\n07:40:31 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 all \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 13.97 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 6.23 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.49 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a076.31
\n07:40:33 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 all \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 8.25 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.75 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a087.50
\n07:40:35 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 all \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 13.25 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 5.75 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a077.00
\n07:40:37 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 all \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 10.03 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.50 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.51 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a086.97
\nAverage: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 all \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 15.15 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 5.91 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.99 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a074.95<\/p>\n

\u5728\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

%user\uff1aCPU\u5904\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002
\n%nice\uff1aCPU\u5904\u5728\u5e26NICE\u503c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002
\n%system\uff1aCPU\u5904\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002
\n%iowait\uff1aCPU\u7b49\u5f85\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002
\n%steal\uff1a\u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ef4\u62a4\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u5904\u7406\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u865a\u62dfCPU\u7684\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002
\n%idle\uff1aCPU\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002
\n\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684\u663e\u793a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u4e3b\u8981\u6ce8\u610f%iowait\u548c%idle\uff0c%iowait\u7684\u503c\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u786c\u76d8\u5b58\u5728I\/O\u74f6\u9888\uff0c%idle\u503c\u9ad8\uff0c\u8868\u793aCPU\u8f83\u7a7a \u95f2\uff0c\u5982\u679c%idle\u503c\u9ad8\u4f46\u7cfb\u7edf\u54cd\u5e94\u6162\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662fCPU\u7b49\u5f85\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5e94\u52a0\u5927\u5185\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002%idle\u503c\u5982\u679c\u6301\u7eed\u4f4e\u4e8e10\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684CPU\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u76f8\u5bf9 \u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u662fCPU\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528sar\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\uff1a
\n#sar -q 2 10
\nLinux 2.6.18-53.el5PAE (localhost.localdomain) \u00a003\/28\/2009
\n07:58:14 PM \u00a0 runq-sz \u00a0plist-sz \u00a0 ldavg-1 \u00a0 ldavg-5 \u00a0ldavg-15
\n07:58:16 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 493 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.64 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.56 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.49
\n07:58:18 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 491 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.64 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.56 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.49
\n07:58:20 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 488 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.59 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.55 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.49
\n07:58:22 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 487 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.59 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.55 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.49
\n07:58:24 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 485 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.59 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.55 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.49
\n07:58:26 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 483 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.78 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.59 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.50
\n07:58:28 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 481 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.78 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.59 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.50
\n07:58:30 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 480 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.72 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.50
\n07:58:32 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 477 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.72 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.50
\n07:58:34 PM \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 474 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.72 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.58 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.50
\nAverage: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 484 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.68 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.57 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.49<\/p>\n

runq-sz \u51c6\u5907\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217\u3002
\nplist-sz \u00a0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u961f\u5217\u91cc\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u91cf
\nldavg-1 \u00a0\u524d\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d(load average)
\nldavg-5 \u00a0\u524d\u4e94\u5206\u949f\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d(load average)
\nldavg-15 \u00a0\u524d15\u5206\u949f\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d(load average)<\/p>\n

\u987a\u4fbf\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0bload avarage\u7684\u542b\u4e49
\nload average\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a[size=+0]\u6bcf\u79d2\u949fCPU\u7b49\u5f85\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2a\u6570.
\n\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0csar -q\u3001uptime\u3001w\u3001top\u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7dload average\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5462\uff1f
\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5185\u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u4ef6\u5219\u5176\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff1a
\n– \u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c
\n– \u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u5165\u7b49\u5f85\u72b6\u6001(\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8c03\u7528’wait’)
\n– \u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u505c\u6b62(\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u7ec8\u6b62)
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
\n# uptime
\n20:55:40 up 24 days, \u00a03:06, \u00a01 user, \u00a0load average: 8.13, 5.90, 4.94
\n\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6700\u540e\u5185\u5bb9\u8868\u793a\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u76841\u30015\u300115\u5206\u949f\u5185\u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u3002
\n\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u53ea\u8981\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u4e0d\u5927\u4e8e3\u90a3\u4e48\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u826f\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u5927\u4e8e5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5bf9 \u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e24\u4e2aCPU\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5176\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u4e3a\uff1a8.13\/2=4.065\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\uff0ciostat<\/p>\n

#iostat -c 2 10
\nLinux 2.6.18-53.el5PAE (localhost.localdomain) \u00a003\/28\/2009
\navg-cpu: \u00a0%user \u00a0 %nice %system %iowait \u00a0%steal \u00a0 %idle
\n30.10 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.89 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 5.63 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 59.38
\navg-cpu: \u00a0%user \u00a0 %nice %system %iowait \u00a0%steal \u00a0 %idle
\n8.46 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.74 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.25 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 89.55
\navg-cpu: \u00a0%user \u00a0 %nice %system %iowait \u00a0%steal \u00a0 %idle
\n22.06 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.00 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a011.28 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1.25 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 65.41<\/p>\n

\u56db\uff0cmpstat
\nmpstat\u662f Multiprocessor Statistics\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5176\u62a5\u544a\u4e0eCPU\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u653e\u5728\/proc\/stat\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u591aCPUs\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\uff0c\u5176\u4e0d \u4f46\u80fd\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709CPU\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u72b6\u51b5\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u67e5\u770b\u7279\u5b9aCPU\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u53ea\u4ecb\u7ecd mpstat\u4e0eCPU\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0cmpstat\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

mpstat [-P {|ALL}] [internal [count]]
\n\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n\u53c2\u6570 \u89e3\u91ca
\n-P {|ALL} \u8868\u793a\u76d1\u63a7\u54ea\u4e2aCPU\uff0c cpu\u5728[0,cpu\u4e2a\u6570-1]\u4e2d\u53d6\u503c
\ninternal \u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4
\ncount \u91c7\u6837\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0ccount\u53ea\u80fd\u548cdelay\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528
\n\u5f53\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0cmpstat\u5219\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u4ee5\u540e\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002\u6709interval\u65f6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u81ea\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e3a\u524d\u4e00\u4e2ainterval\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e0eCPU\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n\u53c2\u6570 \u89e3\u91ca \u4ece\/proc\/stat\u83b7\u5f97\u6570\u636e
\nCPU \u5904\u7406\u5668ID
\nuser \u5728internal\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u91cc\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\uff08%\uff09 \uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u542b nice\u503c\u4e3a\u8d1f \u8fdb\u7a0b ?usr\/?total*100
\nnice \u5728internal\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u91cc\uff0cnice\u503c\u4e3a\u8d1f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\uff08%\uff09 ?nice\/?total*100
\nsystem \u5728internal\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u91cc\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u65f6\u95f4\uff08%\uff09 ?system\/?total*100
\niowait \u5728internal\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u91cc\uff0c\u786c\u76d8IO\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\uff08%\uff09 ?iowait\/?total*100
\nirq \u5728internal\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u91cc\uff0c\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\u65f6\u95f4\uff08%\uff09 ?irq\/?total*100
\nsoft \u5728internal\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u91cc\uff0c\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\u65f6\u95f4\uff08%\uff09 ?softirq\/?total*100
\nidle \u5728internal\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u91cc\uff0cCPU\u9664\u53bb\u7b49\u5f85\u78c1\u76d8IO\u64cd\u4f5c\u5916\u7684\u56e0\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u539f\u56e0\u800c\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f2\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4 \uff08%\uff09 ?idle\/?total*100
\nintr\/s \u5728internal\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u91cc\uff0c\u6bcf\u79d2CPU\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u6b21\u6570 ?intr\/?total*100
\nCPU\u603b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4=total_cur=user+system+nice+idle+iowait+irq+softirq
\ntotal_pre=pre_user+ pre_system+ pre_nice+ pre_idle+ pre_iowait+ pre_irq+ pre_softirq
\n?user=user_cur ? user_pre
\n?total=total_cur-total_pre
\n\u5176\u4e2d_cur \u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u503c\uff0c_pre\u8868\u793ainterval\u65f6\u95f4\u524d\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4e0a\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u503c\u53ef\u53d6\u5230\u4e24\u4f4d\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u3002#mpstat -P ALL 2 10
\nLinux 2.6.18-53.el5PAE (localhost.localdomain) \u00a003\/28\/2009<\/p>\n

10:07:57 PM \u00a0CPU \u00a0 %user \u00a0 %nice \u00a0 \u00a0%sys %iowait \u00a0 \u00a0%irq \u00a0 %soft \u00a0%steal \u00a0 %idle \u00a0 \u00a0intr\/s
\n10:07:59 PM \u00a0all \u00a0 20.75 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 10.50 \u00a0 \u00a01.50 \u00a0 \u00a00.25 \u00a0 \u00a00.25 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 66.75 \u00a0 1294.50
\n10:07:59 PM \u00a0 \u00a00 \u00a0 16.00 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a09.00 \u00a0 \u00a01.50 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 73.50 \u00a0 1000.50
\n10:07:59 PM \u00a0 \u00a01 \u00a0 25.76 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 12.12 \u00a0 \u00a01.52 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 \u00a00.51 \u00a0 \u00a00.00 \u00a0 60.10 \u00a0 \u00a0294.00<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u53ca\u74f6\u9888\u5206\u6790 201<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[121],"class_list":["post-1657","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-value_docs","tag-05-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1657","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1657"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1657\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1657"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1657"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1657"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}