{"id":177,"date":"2017-11-06T14:12:57","date_gmt":"2017-11-06T06:12:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damogame.cn\/?p=177"},"modified":"2017-11-06T14:12:57","modified_gmt":"2017-11-06T06:12:57","slug":"iptables%e7%ae%80%e4%bb%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/177","title":{"rendered":"iptables\u7b80\u4ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

iptables\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n

netfilter\/iptables\uff08\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3aiptables\uff09\u7ec4\u6210Linux\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\u7684\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684Linux\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u514d\u8d39\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u66ff\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u5c01\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u5c01\u5305\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\uff08NAT\uff09\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

iptables\u57fa\u7840<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u89c4\u5219\uff08rules\uff09\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5934\u7b26\u5408\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u201d\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f \u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u5982TCP\u3001UDP\u3001ICMP\uff09\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982HTTP\u3001FTP\u548cSMTP\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e0e\u89c4 \u5219\u5339\u914d\u65f6\uff0ciptables\u5c31\u6839\u636e\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5982\u653e\u884c\uff08accept\uff09\u3001\u62d2\u7edd\uff08reject\uff09\u548c\u4e22\u5f03\uff08drop\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684 \u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

iptables\u548cnetfilter\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u8bf4\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0cIptables\u548cnetfilter\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8ba9\u4eba\u641e\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u77e5\u9053iptables\u5374\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053 netfilter\u3002\u5176\u5b9eiptables\u53ea\u662fLinux\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\/sbin\/iptables\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u5b9e\u73b0\u9632\u706b\u5899\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u662f netfilter\uff0c\u5b83\u662fLinux\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

iptables\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2460 \u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u5165\u7f51\u5361\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u8fdb\u5165PREROUTING\u94fe\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u5305\u76ee\u7684IP\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u3002
\n\u2461 \u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u5165\u672c\u673a\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u6cbf\u7740\u56fe\u5411\u4e0b\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u5230\u8fbeINPUT\u94fe\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u4e86INPUT\u94fe\u540e\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u5b83\u3002\u672c\u673a\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7OUTPUT\u94fe\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5230\u8fbePOSTROUTING\u94fe\u8f93\u51fa\u3002
\n\u2462 \u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u662f\u8981\u8f6c\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u5185\u6838\u5141\u8bb8\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c31\u4f1a\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7FORWARD\u94fe\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5230\u8fbePOSTROUTING\u94fe\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

iptables\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u8868\u548c\u94fe\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8868\uff08tables\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0ciptables\u5185\u7f6e\u4e864\u4e2a\u8868\uff0c\u5373filter\u8868\u3001nat\u8868\u3001mangle\u8868\u548craw\u8868\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u5305\u91cd\u6784(\u4fee\u6539)\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u94fe\uff08chains\uff09\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u94fe\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u94fe\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00 \u6761\u6216\u6570\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u65f6\uff0ciptables\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ece\u94fe\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u5f00\u59cb\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u770b\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ee1\u8db3\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4f1a\u6839\u636e \u8be5\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff1b\u5426\u5219iptables\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u94fe\u4e2d\u4efb\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0ciptables\u5c31\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u94fe\u9884\u5148\u5b9a \u4e49\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

Iptables\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u8868\u201d\u548c\u201c\u94fe\u201d\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5728REHL4\u4e2d\u662f\u4e09\u5f20\u8868\u4e94\u4e2a\u94fe\u3002\u73b0\u5728REHL5\u6210\u4e86\u56db\u5f20\u8868\u4e94\u4e2a\u94fe\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u591a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8868\u7528\u7684\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u591a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u57fa\u672c\u8fd8\u662f\u548c\u4ee5\u524d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7f57\u5217\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u56db\u5f20\u8868\u548c\u4e94\u4e2a\u94fe\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u660e\u767d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8868\u548c\u94fe\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u89c4\u5219\u8868\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.filter\u8868\u2014\u2014\u4e09\u4e2a\u94fe\uff1aINPUT\u3001FORWARD\u3001OUTPUT
\n\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6570\u636e\u5305\u00a0 \u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\uff1aiptables_filter.
\n2.Nat\u8868\u2014\u2014\u4e09\u4e2a\u94fe\uff1aPREROUTING\u3001POSTROUTING\u3001OUTPUT
\n\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\uff08IP\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\uff09 \u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\uff1aiptable_nat
\n3.Mangle\u8868\u2014\u2014\u4e94\u4e2a\u94fe\uff1aPREROUTING\u3001POSTROUTING\u3001INPUT\u3001OUTPUT\u3001FORWARD
\n\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u3001TTL\u3001\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\u5b9e\u73b0QOS\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\uff1aiptable_mangle(\u522b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fd9\u4e48\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u54b1\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7b56\u7565\u65f6\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u5b83)
\n4.Raw\u8868\u2014\u2014\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\uff1aOUTPUT\u3001PREROUTING
\n\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u51b3\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u72b6\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u673a\u5236\u5904\u7406\u00a0 \u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\uff1aiptable_raw
\n(\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662fREHL4\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0d\u7528\u6015\uff0c\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u591a)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n


\n<\/strong>1.INPUT\u2014\u2014\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u7b56\u7565
\n2.OUTPUT\u2014\u2014\u5916\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u7b56\u7565
\n3.FORWARD\u2014\u2014\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u7b56\u7565
\n4.PREROUTING\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f5c\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u524d\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219
\n\uff08\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff01\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u4faf\u90fd\u5148\u7531\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94fe\u5904\u7406\uff09
\n5.POSTROUTING\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f5c\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u540e\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219
\n\uff08\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u4faf\u90fd\u5148\u7531\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94fe\u5904\u7406\uff09<\/p>\n

\u89c4\u5219\u8868\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

Raw\u2014\u2014mangle\u2014\u2014nat\u2014\u2014filter
\n\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u987a\u5e8f\uff08\u5206\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u5165\u7ad9\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5411<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4ece\u5916\u754c\u5230\u8fbe\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5148\u88abPREROUTING\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u5904\u7406\uff08\u662f\u5426\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5730\u5740\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\uff08\u5224\u65ad\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e94\u8be5\u53d1\u5f80\u4f55\u5904\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5305 \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u9632\u706b\u5899\u672c\u673a\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4Internet\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3b\u673a\u4e2d\u7684web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u5176\u4f20\u7ed9INPUT\u94fe\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff08\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u901a \u8fc7\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u540e\u518d\u4ea4\u7ed9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5c42\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u6bd4\u5982Apache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u51b2\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5411
\n<\/strong>
\n\u6765\u81ea\u5916\u754c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u9632\u706b\u5899\u540e\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u88abPREROUTING\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u5916\u90e8\u5730\u5740\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51 \u5173\u8bbf\u95eeQQ\u7ad9\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u5176\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9FORWARD\u94fe\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff08\u662f\u5426\u8f6c\u53d1\u6216\u62e6\u622a\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u4ea4\u7ed9POSTROUTING\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\uff08\u662f\u5426\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5730 \u5740\u7b49\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u51fa\u7ad9\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5411<\/strong>
\n\u9632\u706b\u5899\u672c\u673a\u5411\u5916\u90e8\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3b\u673a\u4e2d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u516c\u7f51DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff09\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u88abOUTPUT\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9POSTROUTING\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\uff08\u662f\u5426\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7b49\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6eiptables\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

iptables\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n

iptables [-t \u8868\u540d] \u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879 \uff3b\u94fe\u540d\uff3d \uff3b\u6761\u4ef6\u5339\u914d\uff3d \uff3b-j \u76ee\u6807\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u8df3\u8f6c\uff3d
\n\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u8868\u540d\u3001\u94fe\u540d\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a iptables\u547d\u4ee4\u6240\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8868\u548c\u94fe\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7ba1\u7406iptables\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u7b49\uff1b\u6761\u4ef6\u5339\u914d\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u7b26\u5408\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837 \u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff1b\u76ee\u6807\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u8df3\u8f6c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u3001\u62d2\u7edd\u3001\u4e22\u5f03\u3001\u8df3\u8f6c\uff08Jump\uff09\u7ed9\u5176\u5b83\u94fe\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

iptables\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u63a7\u5236\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n

-A \u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\uff08append\uff09\u4e00\u6761\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u5219
\n-D \u5220\u9664\uff08delete\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u5e8f\u53f7\u548c\u5185\u5bb9\u5220\u9664
\n-I \u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\uff08insert\uff09\u4e00\u6761\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u6dfb\u52a0
\n-R \u4fee\u6539\u3001\u66ff\u6362\uff08replace\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u5e8f\u53f7\u548c\u5185\u5bb9\u66ff\u6362
\n-L \u5217\u51fa\uff08list\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u770b
\n-E \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u94fe\uff0c\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u94fe\u672c\u8eab
\n-F \u6e05\u7a7a\uff08flush\uff09
\n-N \u65b0\u5efa\uff08new-chain\uff09\u4e00\u6761\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u94fe
\n-X \u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\uff08delete-chain\uff09
\n-P \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\uff08policy\uff09
\n-Z \u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u94fe\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u6e05\u96f6
\n-n \u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08numeric\uff09\u663e\u793a\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c
\n-v \u67e5\u770b\u89c4\u5219\u8868\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff08verbose\uff09\u7684\u4fe1\u606f
\n-V \u67e5\u770b\u7248\u672c(version)
\n-h \u83b7\u53d6\u5e2e\u52a9\uff08help\uff09<\/p>\n

\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n

ACCEPT \u5141\u8bb8\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7
\nDROP \u76f4\u63a5\u4e22\u5f03\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u56de\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f
\nREJECT \u62d2\u7edd\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u4f1a\u7ed9\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u4e00\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\nLOG\u5728\/var\/log\/messages\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

iptables\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0e\u6062\u590d<\/strong><\/p>\n

iptables-save\u628a\u89c4\u5219\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u518d\u7531\u76ee\u5f55rc.d\u4e0b\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff08\/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/iptables\uff09\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u8f7d<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4iptables-save\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7528<\/p>\n

iptables-save > \/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables<\/div>\n

\u751f\u6210\u4fdd\u5b58\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 \/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<\/p>\n

service iptables save<\/div>\n

\u5b83\u80fd\u628a\u89c4\u5219\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0crc.d\u4e0b\u7684\u811a\u672c\u5c06\u7528\u547d\u4ee4iptables-restore\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c31\u81ea\u52a8\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664INPUT\u94fe\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n

iptables -D INPUT 1<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

iptables\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7b56\u7565
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u62d2\u7edd\u8fdb\u5165\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u6240\u6709ICMP\u534f\u8bae\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/p>\n

iptables -I INPUT -p icmp -j REJECT<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

2.\u5141\u8bb8\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6c\u53d1\u9664ICMP\u534f\u8bae\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/p>\n

iptables -A FORWARD -p ! icmp -j ACCEPT<\/div>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\uff01\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6761\u4ef6\u53d6\u53cd\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3.\u62d2\u7edd\u8f6c\u53d1\u6765\u81ea192.168.1.10\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u8f6c\u53d1\u6765\u81ea192.168.0.0\/24\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

iptables -A FORWARD -s 192.168.1.11 -j REJECT
\niptables\u00a0-A FORWARD -s 192.168.0.0\/24 -j ACCEPT<\/div>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6ce8\u610f\u8981\u628a\u62d2\u7edd\u7684\u653e\u5728\u524d\u9762\u4e0d\u7136\u5c31\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u4e86\u554a\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4.\u4e22\u5f03\u4ece\u5916\u7f51\u63a5\u53e3\uff08eth1\uff09\u8fdb\u5165\u9632\u706b\u5899\u672c\u673a\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u79c1\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/p>\n

iptables -A INPUT -i eth1 -s 192.168.0.0\/16 -j DROP
\niptables\u00a0-A INPUT -i eth1 -s 172.16.0.0\/12 -j DROP
\niptables\u00a0-A INPUT -i eth1 -s 10.0.0.0\/8 -j DROP<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

5.\u5c01\u5835\u7f51\u6bb5\uff08192.168.1.0\/24\uff09\uff0c\u4e24\u5c0f\u65f6\u540e\u89e3\u5c01\u3002<\/p>\n

#\u00a0iptables -I INPUT -s 10.20.30.0\/24 -j DROP
\n#\u00a0iptables -I FORWARD -s 10.20.30.0\/24 -j DROP
\n#\u00a0at now 2 hours\u00a0at> iptables -D INPUT 1\u00a0at> iptables -D FORWARD 1<\/div>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b56\u7565\u54b1\u4eec\u501f\u52a9crond\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5c31\u518d\u597d\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002
\n[1] \u00a0 Stopped\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 at now 2 hours<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6.\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4ece202.13.0.0\/16\u7f51\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528SSH\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 22 -s 202.13.0.0\/16 -j ACCEPT
\niptables\u00a0-A INPUT -p tcp –dport 22 -j DROP<\/div>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6cd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u9002\u5408\u5bf9\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5206\u516c\u53f8\u4e2d\u7684SQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u603b\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7ba1\u7406\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

7.\u5141\u8bb8\u672c\u673a\u5f00\u653e\u4eceTCP\u7aef\u53e320-1024\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 20:1024 -j ACCEPT
\niptables\u00a0-A OUTPUT -p tcp –sport 20:1024 -j ACCEPT<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

8.\u5141\u8bb8\u8f6c\u53d1\u6765\u81ea192.168.0.0\/24\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684DNS\u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

iptables -A FORWARD -s 192.168.0.0\/24 -p udp –dport 53 -j ACCEPT
\niptables\u00a0-A FORWARD -d 192.168.0.0\/24 -p udp –sport 53 -j ACCEPT<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

9.\u7981\u6b62\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u673aping\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0aping\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u673a<\/p>\n

iptables -I INPUT -p icmp –icmp-type Echo-Request -j DROP
\niptables\u00a0-I INPUT -p icmp –icmp-type Echo-Reply -j ACCEPT
\niptables\u00a0-I INPUT -p icmp –icmp-type destination-Unreachable -j ACCEPT<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

10.\u7981\u6b62\u8f6c\u53d1\u6765\u81eaMAC\u5730\u5740\u4e3a00\uff1a0C\uff1a29\uff1a27\uff1a55\uff1a3F\u7684\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/p>\n

iptables -A FORWARD -m mac –mac-source 00:0c:29:27:55:3F -j DROP<\/div>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1aiptables\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u201c-m \u6a21\u5757\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u3002\u54b1\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528\u201c-m mac \u2013mac-source\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6e90MAC\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

11.\u5141\u8bb8\u9632\u706b\u5899\u672c\u673a\u5bf9\u5916\u5f00\u653eTCP\u7aef\u53e320\u300121\u300125\u3001110\u4ee5\u53ca\u88ab\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0fFTP\u7aef\u53e31250-1280<\/p>\n

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport –dport 20,21,25,110,1250:1280 -j ACCEPT<\/div>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528\u201c-m multiport \u2013dport\u201d\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53ca\u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

12.\u7981\u6b62\u8f6c\u53d1\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a192.168.1.20-192.168.1.99\u7684TCP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -m iprange –src-range 192.168.1.20-192.168.1.99 -j DROP<\/div>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6b64\u5904\u7528\u201c-m \u2013iprange \u2013src-range\u201d\u6307\u5b9aIP\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

13.\u7981\u6b62\u8f6c\u53d1\u4e0e\u6b63\u5e38TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u975e\u2014syn\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

iptables -A FORWARD -m state –state NEW -p tcp ! –syn -j DROP<\/div>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u201c-m state\u201d\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u201cNEW\u201d\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5\u65e0\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u561b\uff01<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

14.\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u4f46\u5141\u8bb8\u54cd\u5e94\u8fde\u63a5\u6216\u4e0e\u5df2\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/p>\n

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state –state NEW -j DROP
\niptables\u00a0-A INPUT -p tcp -m state –state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT<\/div>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u201cESTABLISHED\u201d\u8868\u793a\u5df2\u7ecf\u54cd\u5e94\u8bf7\u6c42\u6216\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u201cRELATED\u201d\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982FTP\u6570\u636e\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

15.\u53ea\u5f00\u653e\u672c\u673a\u7684web\u670d\u52a1\uff0880\uff09\u3001FTP(20\u300121\u300120450-20480)\uff0c\u653e\u884c\u5916\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u4f4f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5176\u5b83\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6\u5165\u7ad9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5747\u4e88\u4ee5\u4e22\u5f03\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -m multiport –dport 20,21,80 -j ACCEPT
\niptables\u00a0-I INPUT -p tcp –dport 20450:20480 -j ACCEPT
\niptables\u00a0-I INPUT -p tcp -m state –state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
\niptables\u00a0-P INPUT DROP<\/p>\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u53c2\u8003<\/strong>\u3000\u3000http:\/\/netfilter.org\/ iptables\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9
\nhttp:\/\/www.linux.gov.cn\/netweb\/iptables.htm iptables\u914d\u7f6e\u624b\u518c
\nhttp:\/\/man.chinaunix.net\/
\nhttp:\/\/man.chinaunix.net\/network\/iptables-tutorial-cn-1.1.19.html iptables\u914d\u7f6e\u624b\u518c
\nhttp:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/thmono\/archive\/2010\/04\/08\/5462043.aspx
\nhttp:\/\/netsecurity.51cto.com\/art\/200512\/14457.htm
\nhttp:\/\/blog.sina.com.cn\/s\/blog_40ba724c0100jz12.html
\nhttp:\/\/qiliuping.blog.163.com\/blog\/static\/1023829320105245337799\/<\/p>\n

\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n
\u5206\u7c7b:\u00a0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u7ef4<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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