{"id":2310,"date":"2018-11-28T10:55:48","date_gmt":"2018-11-28T02:55:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damogame.cn:15443\/wordpress\/?p=2310"},"modified":"2018-11-28T10:55:48","modified_gmt":"2018-11-28T02:55:48","slug":"linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e8%b0%83%e4%bc%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/2310","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u67e5\u770b\u5206\u6790\u8c03\u4f18"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00 linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u67e5\u770b<\/h1>\n
\n
\n

1.1 cpu\u6027\u80fd\u67e5\u770b<\/h2>\n

1\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u7269\u7406cpu\u4e2a\u6570\uff1a<\/h3>\n
cat \/proc\/cpuinfo |grep \"physical id\"|sort|uniq|wc -l<\/code><\/pre>\n
2\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u7406cpu\u4e2d\u7684core\u4e2a\u6570\uff1a<\/h3>\n
cat \/proc\/cpuinfo |grep \"cpu cores\"|wc -l<\/code><\/pre>\n
3\u3001\u903b\u8f91cpu\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff1a<\/h3>\n
cat \/proc\/cpuinfo |grep \"processor\"|wc -l<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7269\u7406cpu\u4e2a\u6570*\u6838\u6570=\u903b\u8f91cpu\u4e2a\u6570\uff08\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u8d85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff09<\/p>\n
1.2 \u5185\u5b58\u67e5\u770b<\/h2>\n
1\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/h3>\n
#free -m\r\n             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached\r\nMem:          3949       2519       1430          0        189       1619\r\n-\/+ buffers\/cache:        710       3239\r\nSwap:         3576          0       3576\r\n\r\ntotal\uff1a\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u6570\r\nused\uff1a\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6570\r\nfree\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f2\u5185\u5b58\u6570\r\nshared\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u989d\r\n- buffers\/cache\uff1a(\u5df2\u7528)\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6570\uff0c\u5373used-buffers-cached\r\n+ buffers\/cache\uff1a(\u53ef\u7528)\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6570\uff0c\u5373free+buffers+cached\r\n\r\nBuffer Cache\u7528\u4e8e\u9488\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u5757\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\uff1b\r\nPage Cache\u7528\u4e8e\u9488\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6inode\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9bCache\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7f29\u77edI\/O\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\n\u5bf9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4free\/used\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u7528\/\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff1b\r\n\u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4-\/+ buffers\/cache\u662f\u53ef\u7528\/\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58,\u56e0\u4e3abuffers\/cache\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u5019\u5e94\u8be5\u4ece\u5e94\u7528\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n
1.3 \u786c\u76d8\u67e5\u770b<\/h2>\n
1\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u786c\u76d8\u53ca\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/h3>\n
fdisk -l<\/code><\/pre>\n
2\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/h3>\n
df -h<\/code><\/pre>\n
3\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u786c\u76d8\u7684I\/O\u6027\u80fd\uff08\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u79d2\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u663e\u793a5\u6b21\uff09\uff1a<\/h3>\n
iostat -x 1 5<\/code><\/pre>\n
iostat\u662f\u542b\u5728\u5957\u88c5systat\u4e2d\u7684,\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528yum -y install systat\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e38\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u5982%util\u63a5\u8fd1100%,\u8bf4\u660e\u4ea7\u751f\u7684I\/O\u8bf7\u6c42\u592a\u591a\uff0cI\/O\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ee1\u8d1f\u8377\uff0c\u8be5\u78c1\u76d8\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u74f6\u9888\u3002\r\n\u5982idle\u5c0f\u4e8e70%\uff0cI\/O\u7684\u538b\u529b\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u4e86\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u8f83\u591a\u7684wait\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
4\u3001\u67e5\u770blinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u67d0\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a<\/h3>\n
du -sh \/root<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u53d1\u73b0\u67d0\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u7a7a\u95f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u7528\u5b8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u8be5\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u627e\u51fa\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u6700\u591a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u7167\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5360\u7528\u6700\u591a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u524d10\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n
du -cksh *|sort -rn|head -n 10<\/code><\/pre>\n
1.4 \u67e5\u770b\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/h2>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u7cfb\u7edf\u54cd\u5e94\u5f88\u6162\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e86\uff0c\u770b\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
uptime--\u67e5\u770b\u8fc7\u53bb\u76841\u5206\u949f\u30015\u5206\u949f\u548c15\u5206\u949f\u5185\u8fdb\u7a0b\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\u52a8\u6001\u547d\u4ee4top
\n\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u5173\u5fc3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n
top - 21:33:09 up  1:00,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05\r\n\r\n\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91cpu\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5927\u4e8e3\uff0c\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u826f\u597d\uff1b\r\n\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91cpu\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5927\u4e8e4\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\uff1b\r\n\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91cpu\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5927\u4e8e5\uff0c\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u4e25\u91cd\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e00\u822c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u503c\/\u903b\u8f91cpu\u4e2a\u6570<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408vmstat\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u7e41\u5fd9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n
procs\r\nr\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u3002\r\nb\uff1a\u5904\u5728\u975e\u4e2d\u65ad\u7761\u7720\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u3002\r\nw\uff1a\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u3002\r\n\r\nmemeory\r\nswpd\uff1a\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3aKB\u3002\r\nfree\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3aKB\u3002\r\nbuff\uff1a\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6570\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3aKB\u3002\r\n\r\nswap\r\nsi\uff1a\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u9875\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3aKB\u3002\r\nso\uff1a\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u9875\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3aKB\u3002\r\n\r\nio\r\nbi\uff1a\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5757\u6570\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3aKB\u3002\r\nbo\uff1a\u4ece\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5757\u6570\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3aKB\u3002\r\n\r\nsystem\r\nin\uff1a\u6bcf\u79d2\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u6570\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u65f6\u949f\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\r\ncs\uff1a\u6bcf\u79d2\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5207\u6362\u6b21\u6570\u3002\r\n\r\ncpu\r\n\u6309cpu\u7684\u603b\u4f7f\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u6765\u663e\u793a\u3002\r\nus\uff1acpu\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\r\nsy\uff1acpu\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\r\nid\uff1a\u95f2\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
1.5 \u5176\u4ed6\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff1a\r\nuname -a\r\n\r\n\u7b80\u5316\u547d\u4ee4\uff1auname -r\r\n\r\n\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f32\u4f4d\u8fd8\u662f64\u4f4d\u7684\uff1a\r\nfile \/sbin\/init\r\n\r\n\u67e5\u770b\u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff1a\r\ncat \/etc\/issue\r\n\u6216lsb_release -a\r\n\r\n\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u8f7d\u5165\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\r\nlsmod\r\n\r\n\u67e5\u770bpci\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a\r\nlspci<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e8c Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h1>\n
2.1.1 \u5f71\u54cdLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u56e0\u7d20<\/h2>\n
1. \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7<\/h3>\n
CPU\r\n\u5185\u5b58\r\n\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u5e26\u5bbd\r\n\u7f51\u7edcI\/O\u5e26\u5bbd<\/code><\/pre>\n
2. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e94\u7528\u7ea7<\/h3>\n
2.1.2 \u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u6807\u51c6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\u56e0\u7d20<\/th>\n\u597d<\/th>\n\u574f<\/th>\n\u7cdf\u7cd5<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
CPU<\/td>\nuser% + sys%< 70%<\/td>\nuser% + sys%= 85%<\/td>\nuser% + sys% >=90%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5185\u5b58<\/td>\nSwap In\uff08si\uff09\uff1d0 Swap Out\uff08so\uff09\uff1d0<\/td>\nPer CPU with 10 page\/s<\/td>\nMore Swap In & Swap Out<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u78c1\u76d8<\/td>\niowait % < 20%<\/td>\niowait % =35%<\/td>\niowait % >= 50%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n
%user\uff1a\u8868\u793aCPU\u5904\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002\r\n%sys\uff1a\u8868\u793aCPU\u5904\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002\r\n%iowait\uff1a\u8868\u793aCPU\u7b49\u5f85\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002\r\nswap in\uff1a\u5373si\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u9875\u5bfc\u5165\uff0c\u5373\u4eceSWAP DISK\u4ea4\u6362\u5230RAM\r\nswap out\uff1a\u5373so\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u9875\u5bfc\u51fa\uff0c\u5373\u4eceRAM\u4ea4\u6362\u5230SWAP DISK<\/code><\/pre>\n
2.1.3 \u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177<\/h2>\n
1.\u5e38\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n
Vmstat\u3001sar\u3001iostat\u3001netstat\u3001free\u3001ps\u3001top\u7b49<\/p>\n
2.\u5e38\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n
vmstat\u3001sar\u3001iostat\u68c0\u6d4b\u662f\u5426\u662fCPU\u74f6\u9888\r\nfree\u3001vmstat\u68c0\u6d4b\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u74f6\u9888\r\niostat\u68c0\u6d4b\u662f\u5426\u662f\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u74f6\u9888\r\nnetstat\u68c0\u6d4b\u662f\u5426\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u74f6\u9888<\/code><\/pre>\n
2.1.4 Linux\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316<\/h2>\n
\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\uff08uptime\u547d\u4ee4\uff09
\nuptime<\/code><\/p>\n
16:38:00 up 118 days, 3:01, 5 users,load average: 1.22, 1.02, 0.91<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  • load average\u4e09\u503c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5927\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edfCPU\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u3002
    \n
    \u7cfb\u7edf\u67098\u4e2aCPU,\u5982load average\u4e09\u503c\u957f\u671f\u5927\u4e8e8\uff0c\u8bf4\u660eCPU\u5f88\u7e41\u5fd9\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n
  • \u4f46\u5076\u5c14\u5927\u4e8e8\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5982load average\u8f93\u51fa\u503c\u5c0f\u4e8eCPU\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793aCPU\u6709\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0cCPU\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    2.2.1 CPU\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h2>\n
    1.\u5229\u7528vmstat\u547d\u4ee4\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edfCPU<\/h3>\n
    \u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u79cd\u8d44\u6e90\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u80fd\u7b80\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u770bCPU\u8d1f\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e0b\u9762\u662fvmstat\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
    [root@node1 ~]#vmstat 2 3\r\n\r\nprocs\r\n \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2013memory\u2014\u2014\u2014- \u2014swap\u2013 \u2014\u2013io\u2014- \u2013system\u2013 \u2014\u2013cpu\u2014\u2014\r\n\r\nr  b swpd freebuff  cache si so bi bo incs us sy idwa st\r\n\r\n0  0 0 162240 8304 67032 0 0 13 21 1007 23 0 1 98 0 0\r\n\r\n0  0 0 162240 8304 67032 0 0 1 0 1010 20 0 1 100 0 0\r\n\r\n0  0 0 162240 8304 67032 0 0 1 1 1009 18 0 1 99 0 0\r\nProcs<\/code><\/pre>\n
    r–\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u7b49\u5f85cpu\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u5982\u679c\u957f\u671f\u5927\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edfCPU\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u8bf4\u660eCPU\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0CPU<\/p>\n
    b–\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6b63\u5728\u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u3001\u6216\u8005\u5185\u5b58\u4ea4\u6362\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
    CPU<\/h4>\n
    us<\/h5>\n
    \u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002
    \nus\u7684\u503c\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u7684cpu\u65f6\u95f4\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u957f\u671f\u5927\u4e8e50%\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u4f18\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
    sy<\/h5>\n
    \u5185\u6838\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002Sy\u7684\u503c\u8f83\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5185\u6838\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU\u8d44\u6e90\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u6839\u636e\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0cus+sy\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u503c\u4e3a80%\uff0c\u5982\u679cus+sy\u5927\u4e8e 80%\u8bf4\u660e\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728CPU\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n
    2.\u5229\u7528sar\u547d\u4ee4\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edfCPU<\/h3>\n
    sar\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bcf\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u72ec\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5f00\u9500\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e0b\u9762\u662fsar\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684CPU\u7edf\u8ba1\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
    [root@webserver ~]# sar -u 3 5\r\n\r\nLinux\r\n 2.6.9-42.ELsmp (webserver) 11\/28\/2008_i686_\r\n (8 CPU)\r\n\r\n11:41:24\r\n AM CPU %user %nice%system\r\n %iowait %steal %idle\r\n\r\n11:41:27\r\n AM all 0.88 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.00 98.83\r\n\r\n11:41:30\r\n AM all 0.13 0.00 0.17 0.21 0.00 99.50\r\n\r\n11:41:33\r\n AM all 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 99.92\r\n\r\n11:41:36\r\n AM all 90.08 0.00 0.13 0.16 0.00 9.63\r\n\r\n11:41:39\r\n AM all 0.38 0.00 0.17 0.04 0.00 99.41\r\n\r\nAverage:\r\n all 0.34 0.00 0.16 0.05 0.00 99.45<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    %user\u5217\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002\r\n%nice\u5217\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u8fd0\u884c\u6b63\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002\r\n%system\u5217\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002\r\n%iowait\u5217\u663e\u793a\u4e86IO\u7b49\u5f85\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\r\n%steal\u5217\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u76f8\u5bf9\u7d27\u5f20\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0bpagein\u5f3a\u5236\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9875\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u7684steal\u64cd\u4f5c \u3002\r\n%idle\u5217\u663e\u793a\u4e86CPU\u5904\u5728\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002\r\n\u95ee\u9898<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4f60\u662f\u5426\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edfCPU\u6574\u4f53\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u7528\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff1f<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u591aCPU\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\uff0cCPU\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u7528\u5374\u54cd\u5e94\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2aCPU\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u4e2aCPU\u5360\u7528\u7387\u4e3a100%\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u5176\u5b83\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5b83\u7684CPU\u5374\u95f2\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u6574\u4f53CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u7528\u7f13\u6162\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    2.3.1 \u5185\u5b58\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h2>\n
    1.\u5229\u7528free\u6307\u4ee4\u76d1\u63a7\u5185\u5b58<\/h3>\n
    free\u662f\u76d1\u63a7Linux\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u51b5\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
    [root@webserver ~]# free -m\r\n\r\ntotal\r\n used freeshared\r\n buffers cached\r\n\r\nMem:\r\n 8111 7185 926 0 243 6299\r\n\r\n -\/+\r\n buffers\/cache:\r\n 643 7468\r\n\r\nSwap:\r\n 8189 0 8189<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u7ecf\u9a8c\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58>70%\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u975e\u5e38\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd;\r\n\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58<20%\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u7d27\u7f3a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58;\r\n20%<\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58<70%\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u57fa\u672c\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd<\/code><\/pre>\n
    2.\u5229\u7528vmstat\u547d\u4ee4\u76d1\u63a7\u5185\u5b58<\/h3>\n
    [root@node1\r\n ~]#\r\n vmstat 2 3\r\n\r\nprocs\r\n \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2013memory\u2014\u2014\u2014- \u2014swap\u2013 \u2014\u2013io\u2014- \u2013system\u2013 \u2014\u2013cpu\u2014\u2014\r\n\r\nr b swpd freebuff cache si so bi bo incs us sy idwa st\r\n\r\n0 0 0 162240 8304 67032 0 0 13 21 1007 23 0 1 98 0 0\r\n\r\n0 0 0 162240 8304 67032 0 0 1 0 1010 20 0 1 100 0 0\r\n\r\n0 0 0 162240 8304 67032 0 0 1 1 1009 18 0 1 99 0 0<\/code><\/pre>\n
    memory<\/p>\n
    swpd--\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4ea4\u6362\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u91cf\uff08k\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d)\u3002\u5982swpd\u503c\u5076\u5c14\u975e0\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\r\nfree--\u5f53\u524d\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u91cf\uff08k\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09\r\nbuff--buffers cache\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5bf9\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u624d\u9700\u8981\u7f13\u51b2\r\ncache--page cached\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u91cf<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4e00\u822c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edfcached\uff0c\u9891\u7e41\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4f1a\u88abcached\uff0c\u5982cache\u503c\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u8bf4\u660ecached\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u65f6IO\u4e2dbi\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6548\u7387\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    swap<\/p>\n
    si--\u7531\u78c1\u76d8\u8c03\u5165\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u4ea4\u6362\u533a\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\r\nso--\u7531\u5185\u5b58\u8c03\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u4ea4\u6362\u533a\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
    si\u3001so\u7684\u503c\u957f\u671f\u4e0d\u4e3a0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u9700\u589e\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n
    2.4.1\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h2>\n
    1.\u78c1\u76d8\u5b58\u50a8\u57fa\u7840<\/h3>\n
    \u9891\u7e41\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u8bfb\u5199<\/strong>\u4ee3\u66ff\u76f4\u63a5\u78c1\u76d8I\/O<\/strong>\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u5343\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5c06\u7ecf\u5e38\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u957f\u671f\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u72ec\u7acb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u88f8\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee3\u66ff\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    \u88f8\u8bbe\u5907\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \u6570\u636e\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u7ecf\u8fc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u4e89\u7528;\r\n\u907f\u514d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u7ef4\u62a4\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u7ef4\u62a4\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u3001I-node\u7b49;\r\n\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edfcache\u9884\u8bfb\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86I\/O\u8bf7\u6c42<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u88f8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    2.\u5229\u7528iostat\u8bc4\u4f30\u78c1\u76d8\u6027\u80fd<\/h3>\n
    [root@webserver ~]# iostat -d 2 3\r\n\r\nLinux\r\n 2.6.9-42.ELsmp (webserver) 12\/01\/2008_i686_\r\n (8 CPU)\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nDevice:\r\n tps Blk_read\/sBlk_wrtn\/sBlk_read\r\n Blk_wrtn\r\n\r\nsda 1.87 2.58 114.12 6479462 286537372\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nDevice:\r\n tps Blk_read\/sBlk_wrtn\/sBlk_read\r\n Blk_wrtn\r\n\r\nsda\r\n 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0\r\n \r\n\r\nDevice:\r\n tps Blk_read\/sBlk_wrtn\/sBlk_read\r\n Blk_wrtn\r\n\r\nsda\r\n 1.00 0.00 12.00 0 24<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    Blk_read\/s--\u6bcf\u79d2\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5757\u6570\r\nBlk_wrtn\/s--\u6bcf\u79d2\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5757\u6570\r\nBlk_read--\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5757\u6570\r\nBlk_wrtn--\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5757\u6570<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u53ef\u901a\u8fc7Blk_read\/s\u548cBlk_wrtn\/s\u503c\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4e86\u89e3.
    \n\u5982Blk_wrtn\/s\u503c\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u78c1\u76d8\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4f18\u5316\u78c1\u76d8\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c
    \n\u5982Blk_read\/s\u503c\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u78c1\u76d8\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5165\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n
    \u89c4\u5219\u9075\u5faa\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \u957f\u671f\u7684\u3001\u8d85\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    3.\u5229\u7528sar\u8bc4\u4f30\u78c1\u76d8\u6027\u80fd<\/h3>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u201csar \u2013d\u201d\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8IO\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u8bf7\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
    [root@webserver ~]# sar -d 2 3\r\n\r\nLinux\r\n 2.6.9-42.ELsmp (webserver) 11\/30\/2008_i686_\r\n (8 CPU)\r\n\r\n11:09:33\r\n PM DEV tps rd_sec\/swr_sec\/savgrq-sz\r\n avgqu-sz await svctm %util\r\n\r\n11:09:35\r\n PM dev8-0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00\r\n\r\n11:09:35\r\n PM DEV tps rd_sec\/swr_sec\/savgrq-sz\r\n avgqu-sz await svctm %util\r\n\r\n11:09:37\r\n PM dev8-0 1.00 0.00 12.00 12.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00\r\n\r\n11:09:37\r\n PM DEV tps rd_sec\/swr_sec\/savgrq-sz\r\n avgqu-sz await svctm %util\r\n\r\n11:09:39\r\n PM dev8-0 1.99 0.00 47.76 24.00 0.00 0.50 0.25 0.05\r\n\r\nAverage:\r\n DEV tps rd_sec\/swr_sec\/savgrq-sz\r\n avgqu-sz await svctm %util\r\n\r\nAverage:\r\n dev8-0 1.00 0.00 19.97 20.00 0.00 0.33 0.17 0.02<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u53c2\u6570\u542b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n
    await--\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bbe\u5907I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u6beb\u79d2\uff09\r\nsvctm--\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bbe\u5907I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u6beb\u79d2\uff09\r\n%util--\u4e00\u79d2\u4e2d\u6709\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u51e0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7528\u4e8eI\/O\u64cd\u4f5c<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8IO\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u5224\u6807\u51c6\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \u6b63\u5e38svctm\u5e94\u5c0f\u4e8eawait\u503c\uff0c\u800csvctm\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u5173\uff0cCPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u8d1f\u8377\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bf9svctm\u503c\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e5f\u4f1a\u95f4\u63a5\u7684\u5bfc\u81f4svctm\u503c\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n
    await\u503c\u53d6\u51b3svctm\u548cI\/O\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53caI\/O\u8bf7\u6c42\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\r\n\u5982\u679csvctm\u7684\u503c\u4e0eawait\u5f88\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709I\/O\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8\u6027\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\r\n\u5982\u679cawait\u7684\u503c\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8esvctm\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793aI\/O\u961f\u5217\u7b49\u5f85\u592a\u957f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u53d8\u6162\uff0c\r\n\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6362\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
    %util–\u8861\u91cf\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6807\uff0c<\/p>\n
    \u5982%util\u63a5\u8fd1100%\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u78c1\u76d8\u4ea7\u751f\u7684I\/O\u8bf7\u6c42\u592a\u591a\uff0cI\/O\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ee1\u8d1f\u8377\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8be5\u78c1\u76d8\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    \u53ef\u4f18\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u8005 \u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6362 \u66f4\u9ad8\u3001\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n
    2.5.1. \u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h2>\n
    \uff081\uff09\u901a\u8fc7ping\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8fde\u901a\u6027\r\n\uff082\uff09\u901a\u8fc7netstat \u2013i\u7ec4\u5408\u68c0\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u72b6\u51b5\r\n\uff083\uff09\u901a\u8fc7netstat \u2013r\u7ec4\u5408\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4fe1\u606f\r\n\uff084\uff09\u901a\u8fc7sar \u2013n\u7ec4\u5408\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4e09 Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18<\/h1>\n
    1.\u4e3a\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u8c03\u6574Linux\u5185\u6838\u7535\u68af\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h2>\n
    \u9009\u62e9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e73\u8861\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u8db3\u591f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5199\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
    2.\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u548cCPU\u8d44\u6e90<\/h2>\n
    \u8bb8\u591a\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u5e38\u975e\u5fc5\u9700\uff0c\u6d88\u8017\u5b9d\u8d35\u5185\u5b58\u548cCPU\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f6e\u4e8e\u9669\u5730\u3002\r\n\u7981\u7528\u53ef\u52a0\u5feb\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u3002\r\n\r\n\u51cf\u5c11CPU\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4e00\u4e9b\u5e94\u88ab\u7981\u7528\u7684Linux\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \u5e8f\u53f7 \u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b \u63cf\u8ff0
    \n1 Apmd \u9ad8\u7ea7\u7535\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b
    \n2 Nfslock \u7528\u4e8eNFS\u6587\u4ef6\u9501\u5b9a
    \n3 Isdn ISDN Moderm\u652f\u6301
    \n4 Autofs \u5728\u540e\u53f0\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf(\u5982\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7dCD-ROM)
    \n5 Sendmail \u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u4ee3\u7406
    \n6 Xfs X Window\u7684\u5b57\u4f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n
    3.\u5173\u6389GUI<\/h2>\n
    4\u3001\u6e05\u7406\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\n
    \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\u592a\u591a\u88ab\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u6a21\u5757\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684(\u5982Apache\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757)\uff0c\u7981\u7528\u6389\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u7528\u91cf\uff0c\u817e\u51fa\u8d44\u6e90\u7ed9\u90a3\u4e9b\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd0\u884c\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n
    5\u3001\u7981\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f<\/h2>\n
    \u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\uff0c\u5982Cpanel\uff0cPlesk\uff0cWebmin\u548cphpMyAdmin\u7b49\uff0c\u7981\u7528\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u5927\u7ea6120MB\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u5927\u7ea6\u4e0b\u964d30-40%\u3002<\/p>\n
    6\u3001\u6539\u5584Linux Exim\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd<\/h2>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528DNS\u7f13\u5b58\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u89e3\u6790DNS\u8bb0\u5f55\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u548cCPU\u65f6\u95f4\uff0cDNS\u7f13\u5b58\u901a\u8fc7\u6d88\u9664\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u67e5\u627eDNS\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6539\u5584\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
    Djbdns\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709DNS\u7f13\u5b58\u529f\u80fd\uff0cDjbdns\u6bd4BIND DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7http:\/\/cr.yp.to\/\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u6216\u901a\u8fc7Red Hat\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u83b7\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n
    7\u3001\u4f7f\u7528AES256\u589e\u5f3agpg\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u5bc6\u5b89\u5168<\/h2>\n
    \u4e3a\u63d0\u9ad8\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u8bb8\u591aLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528gpg\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528gpg\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u6307\u5b9agpg\u4f7f\u7528AES256\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0cAES256\u4f7f\u7528256\u4f4d\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5c40(NSA)\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4fdd\u62a4\u7edd\u5bc6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
    8\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5b89\u5168<\/h2>\n
    \u5b89\u5168\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u90fd\u5bb3\u6015\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a(\u9ed1\u5ba2)\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ece\u5907\u4efd\u6062\u590d\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6100%\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u516c\u53f8\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528scp\u811a\u672c\u6216RSYNC\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u5165\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u670d\u52a1\u5f3a\u58ee\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eb2\u81ea\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
    9\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h2>\n
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u987a\u5229\u548c\u6210\u529f\u8fd0\u884c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c2.4.x\u7cfb\u5217\u5185\u6838\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u53c2\u6570msgmni\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6216shmmax\u5728Red Hat\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u670933554432\u5b57\u8282)\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8fd0\u884c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\u503c(\u6765\u81eaIBM DB2\u652f\u6301\u7f51\u7ad9)\uff1a<\/p>\n
    kernel.shmmax=268435456 (32\u4f4d)
    \nkernel.shmmax=1073741824 (64\u4f4d)
    \nkernel.msgmni=1024
    \nfs.file-max=8192
    \nkernel.sem=\u201d250 32000 32 1024\u2033<\/p>\n
    10\u3001\u4f18\u5316TCP<\/h2>\n
    \u4f18\u5316TCP\u534f\u8bae\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u541e\u5410\u91cf\uff0c\u8de8\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4\u8d8a\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u8d8a\u5927\u7684TCP Linux\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\uff0cTCP Linux\u5927\u5c0f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u53d1\u9001\u4e3b\u673a\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u786e\u8ba4\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u63a5\u6536\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
    11\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h2>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528ext4\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d6\u4ee3ext3<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    \u25cf Ext4\u662fext3\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u7248\uff0c\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u5b58\u50a8\u9650\u5236<\/p>\n
    \u25cf\u5177\u6709\u65e5\u5fd7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027(\u5728\u975e\u6b63\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d)<\/p>\n
    \u25cf\u975e\u6b63\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\u548c\u91cd\u542f\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8(\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c)<\/p>\n
    \u25cf\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u5199\u5165\u901f\u5ea6\uff0cext4\u65e5\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u786c\u76d8\u78c1\u5934\u52a8\u4f5c<\/p>\n
    12\u3001\u4f7f\u7528noatime\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6302\u8f7d\u9009\u9879<\/h2>\n
    \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6fstab\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528noatime\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6302\u8f7d\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u6539\u5584\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
    13\u3001\u8c03\u6574Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u9650\u5236<\/h2>\n
    Linux\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9650\u5236\u662f\u6bcf\u8fdb\u7a0b1024\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u963b\u788d\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef(\u5982httperf\u548capachebench)\u548cWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u4f73\u6027\u80fd\uff0cApache\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0bWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5982Zeus\u662f\u6bcf\u8fde\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9650\u5236\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u9650\u5236\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528ulimit\u547d\u4ee4\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0culimit -aS\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0culimit -aH\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u786c\u9650\u5236(\u5728\u672a\u8c03\u6574\/proc\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u9650\u5236)\u3002<\/p>\n
    Linux\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u80fd\u6280\u5de7<\/p>\n
    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e00\u6837\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u8fd0\u884c\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
    14\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6eMySQL<\/h2>\n
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9MySQL\u5206\u914d\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6eMySQL\u7f13\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u8981\u662fMySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5c31\u51cf\u5c11\u7f13\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5982\u679cMySQL\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u589e\u591a\u65f6\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u52a8\uff0c\u5c31\u589e\u52a0MySQL\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n
    15\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6eApache<\/h2>\n
    \u68c0\u67e5Apache\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u518d\u8c03\u6574StartServers\u548cMinSpareServers\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f60\u8282\u770130-40%\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n
    16\u3001\u5206\u6790Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd<\/h2>\n
    \u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6548\u7387\u6700\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4f53\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u6389\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u952e\u74f6\u9888\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \u25cf \u5f53\u5927\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982OpenOffice\u548cFirefox\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u53d8\u6162\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u51e0\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u25cf \u5982\u679c\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u6162\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u521d\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u542f\u52a8\u597d\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u5c31\u6b63\u5e38\u4e86\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u786c\u76d8\u592a\u6162\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u25cfCPU\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6301\u7eed\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4e5f\u591f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46CPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528CPU\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u76d1\u63a7\u8d1f\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n
    17\u3001\u5b66\u4e605\u4e2aLinux\u6027\u80fd\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u51e0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u4e865\u4e2a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u6027\u80fd\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec
    \ntop\u3001vmstat\u3001iostat\u3001free\u548csar<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5feb\u901f\u89e3\u51b3\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
    (1)top<\/h3>\n
    \u5f53\u524d\u5185\u6838\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd8\u663e\u793a\u8bb8\u591a\u4e3b\u673a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u6bcf\u96945\u79d2\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\u3002
    \n\u5982\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c<\/p>\n
    \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u591aCPU\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b(\u5305\u62ec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u8fd0\u884c\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7b49)\u3002<\/p>\n
    (2)vmstat<\/h3>\n
    Vmstat\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f53\u524dCPU\u3001IO\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7684\u5feb\u7167\uff0c\u5b83\u548ctop\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
    $ vmstat 10<\/p>\n
    (3)iostat<\/h3>\n
    Iostat\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e09\u4e2a\u62a5\u544a\uff1aCPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u5229\u7528\u7387\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5229\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528-c\uff0c-d\u548c-h\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u72ec\u7acb\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n
    (4)free<\/h3>\n
    \u663e\u793a\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u5b58\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a-t\u53c2\u6570\u663e\u793a\u603b\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a-b\u53c2\u6570\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528-m\u5219\u4ee5\u5146\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5343\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n
    Free\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528-s\u53c2\u6570\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4(\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u79d2)\u8fde\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
    $ free -s 5<\/p>\n
    (5)sar<\/h3>\n
    \u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6bd4\u524d\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u66f4\u60a0\u4e45\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u663e\u793a\u8f83\u957f\u5468\u671f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5176\u5b83<\/p>\n
    \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n
    18\u3001\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d<\/h2>\n
    \u5f53\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u5904\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u662f\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u653e\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u95ed\u65f6\u518d\u5c06\u5176\u590d\u5236\u5230\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u53f0\u5f00\u542f\u4e86syslog\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u6216\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\uff0cramlog\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7535\u6c60\u6216\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u95ea\u5b58\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u7684\u5bff\u547d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528ramlog\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u5904\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u518d\u62c5\u5fc3\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6bcf\u969430\u79d2\u5411syslog\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u786c\u76d8\u5fc5\u987b\u968f\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u8fd0\u8f6c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5bf9\u786c\u76d8\u548c\u7535\u6c60\u90fd\u4e0d\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n
    19\u3001\u5148\u6253\u5305\uff0c\u540e\u5199\u5165<\/h2>\n
    \u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5212\u5206\u51fa\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4fdd\u5b58\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u786c\u76d8\u4e0d\u7528\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u8fd0\u8f6c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u5199\u5165\u65e5\u5fd7\u65f6\u624d\u8fd0\u8f6c\uff0c\u6ce8\u610framlog\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u4f1a\u5f88\u5feb\u88ab\u7528\u5149\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u56fa\u6001\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u914d50-80MB\u5185\u5b58\u7ed9ramlog\u4f7f\u7528\uff0cramlog\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8bb8\u591a\u5199\u5165\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u56fa\u6001\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n
    20\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u8c03\u4f18\u6280\u5de7<\/h2>\n
    \u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong>\u66ff\u4ee3\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u751f\u6210\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u544a\uff0c\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u6bcf\u96941\u5c0f\u65f6\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u662f\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bcf\u96941\u5c0f\u65f6\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6001\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2aCGI\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e3a\u52a8\u6001\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5feb\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684API\uff0cCGI\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0cFastCGI\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u548cApache\u7684mod_perl\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
    \u79cd\u4e00\u68f5\u6811\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u5341\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u3002<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    \n
    \u5206\u7c7b:\u00a0Linux<\/a><\/div>\n
    \u6807\u7b7e:\u00a0Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8c03\u4f18<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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