{"id":3174,"date":"2019-04-23T18:02:15","date_gmt":"2019-04-23T10:02:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damogame.cn\/wordpress\/?p=3174"},"modified":"2019-04-23T18:02:15","modified_gmt":"2019-04-23T10:02:15","slug":"c11%e5%a4%9a%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e5%85%ad-%e6%9d%a1%e4%bb%b6%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8fcondition-variable","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/3174","title":{"rendered":"[c++11]\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b(\u516d)\u2014\u2014\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf(Condition Variable)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"meta\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jianshu.com\/p\/c1dfa1d40f53\">\u539f\u5e16\u5730\u5740<\/a><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"show-content\" data-note-content=\"\">\n<div class=\"show-content-free\">\n<p>\u4e92\u65a5\u9501<code>std::mutex<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u592a\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u60f3\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f80\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u653e\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f80\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u524d\u9700\u8981\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e0b\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u8fdb\u884c\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u5f80\u961f\u5217\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d6\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002\u7528\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u5b9e\u73b0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"hljs cpp\"><code class=\"cpp\"><span class=\"hljs-meta\">#<span class=\"hljs-meta-keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-meta-string\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-meta\">#<span class=\"hljs-meta-keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-meta-string\">&lt;deque&gt;<\/span><\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-meta\">#<span class=\"hljs-meta-keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-meta-string\">&lt;thread&gt;<\/span><\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-meta\">#<span class=\"hljs-meta-keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-meta-string\">&lt;mutex&gt;<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">deque<\/span>&lt;<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span>&gt; q;\r\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::mutex mu;\r\n\r\n<span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">function_1<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">()<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> count = <span class=\"hljs-number\">10<\/span>;\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> (count &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>) {\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::unique_lock&lt;<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::mutex&gt; locker(mu);\r\n        q.push_front(count);\r\n        locker.unlock();\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::this_thread::sleep_for(<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::chrono::seconds(<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>));\r\n        count--;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\n<span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">function_2<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">()<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> data = <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>;\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> ( data != <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>) {\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::unique_lock&lt;<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::mutex&gt; locker(mu);\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (!q.empty()) {\r\n            data = q.back();\r\n            q.pop_back();\r\n            locker.unlock();\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">cout<\/span> &lt;&lt; <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"t2 got a value from t1: \"<\/span> &lt;&lt; data &lt;&lt; <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">endl<\/span>;\r\n        } <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">else<\/span> {\r\n            locker.unlock();\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">main<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">()<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-function\">thread <span class=\"hljs-title\">t1<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">(function_1)<\/span><\/span>;\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-function\">thread <span class=\"hljs-title\">t2<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">(function_2)<\/span><\/span>;\r\n    t1.join();\r\n    t2.join();\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>;\r\n}\r\n\r\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/t2 got a value from t1: 10<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/t2 got a value from t1: 9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/t2 got a value from t1: 8<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/t2 got a value from t1: 7<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/t2 got a value from t1: 6<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/t2 got a value from t1: 5<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/t2 got a value from t1: 4<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/t2 got a value from t1: 3<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/t2 got a value from t1: 2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/t2 got a value from t1: 1<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5374\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c<code>function_1<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u5ef6\u65f6<code>1s<\/code>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5f88\u6162\u7684\uff1b<code>function_2<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a<code>while<\/code>\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8868\u793a\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5148\u52a0\u9501\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u7a7a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53d6\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u89e3\u9501\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728<code>1s<\/code>\u5185\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u65e0\u7528\u529f\uff01\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cCPU\u5360\u7528\u7387\u4f1a\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230100%\uff08\u5355\u6838\uff09\u3002\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"image-package\">\n<div class=\"image-container\">\n<div class=\"image-container-fill\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"image-view\" data-width=\"616\" data-height=\"280\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/upload-images.jianshu.io\/upload_images\/4427263-4ac3dca6030dd96f.png?imageMogr2\/auto-orient\/strip%7CimageView2\/2\/w\/616\/format\/webp\" data-original-src=\"\/\/upload-images.jianshu.io\/upload_images\/4427263-4ac3dca6030dd96f.png\" data-original-width=\"616\" data-original-height=\"280\" data-original-format=\"image\/png\" data-original-filesize=\"17396\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"image-caption\">CPU\u5360\u7528\u7387.png<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u7ed9\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e5f\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u6b21\u5224\u65ad\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u60e9\u7f5a\u4e00\u4e0b\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5ef6\u65f6<code>500ms<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c0fCPU\u7684\u5360\u7528\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"hljs cpp\"><code class=\"cpp\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">function_2<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">()<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> data = <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>;\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> ( data != <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>) {\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::unique_lock&lt;<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::mutex&gt; locker(mu);\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (!q.empty()) {\r\n            data = q.back();\r\n            q.pop_back();\r\n            locker.unlock();\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">cout<\/span> &lt;&lt; <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"t2 got a value from t1: \"<\/span> &lt;&lt; data &lt;&lt; <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">endl<\/span>;\r\n        } <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">else<\/span> {\r\n            locker.unlock();\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::this_thread::sleep_for(<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::chrono::milliseconds(<span class=\"hljs-number\">500<\/span>));\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"image-package\">\n<div class=\"image-container\">\n<div class=\"image-container-fill\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"image-view\" data-width=\"630\" data-height=\"285\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/upload-images.jianshu.io\/upload_images\/4427263-236c78f4efd1ef35.png?imageMogr2\/auto-orient\/strip%7CimageView2\/2\/w\/630\/format\/webp\" data-original-src=\"\/\/upload-images.jianshu.io\/upload_images\/4427263-236c78f4efd1ef35.png\" data-original-width=\"630\" data-original-height=\"285\" data-original-format=\"image\/png\" data-original-filesize=\"17191\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"image-caption\">\u4f7f\u7528\u5ef6\u65f6\u7684CPU\u5360\u7528\u7387.png<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u56f0\u96be\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ef6\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u5462\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5374\u5ef6\u65f6<code>500ms<\/code>\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u66f4\u6162\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5ef6\u65f6<code>500ms<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5360\u7528\u4e86CPU\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f15\u51fa\u4e86\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\uff08condition variable\uff09,<code>c++11<\/code>\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86<code>#include &lt;condition_variable&gt;<\/code>\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684<code>std::condition_variable<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c<code>std::mutex<\/code>\u7ed3\u5408\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c<code>notify_one()<\/code>\u548c<code>wait()<\/code>\uff0c<code>wait()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9677\u5165<strong>\u4f11\u7720\u72b6\u6001<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u4f11\u7720\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0d\u5e72\u6d3b\u554a\uff0c<code>notify_one()<\/code>\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u5524\u9192<\/strong>\u5904\u4e8e<code>wait<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684<strong>\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e<code>wait<\/code>\u72b6\u6001\uff09\u3002\u90a3\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u523b\u4f7f\u7528<code>notify_one()<\/code>\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u5462\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5f80\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u653e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e86\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u6709\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d76\u7d27\u53eb\u9192\u7b49\u5f85\u4e2d\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8d77\u6765\u5e72\u6d3b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"hljs cpp\"><code class=\"cpp\"><span class=\"hljs-meta\">#<span class=\"hljs-meta-keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-meta-string\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-meta\">#<span class=\"hljs-meta-keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-meta-string\">&lt;deque&gt;<\/span><\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-meta\">#<span class=\"hljs-meta-keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-meta-string\">&lt;thread&gt;<\/span><\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-meta\">#<span class=\"hljs-meta-keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-meta-string\">&lt;mutex&gt;<\/span><\/span>\r\n<span class=\"hljs-meta\">#<span class=\"hljs-meta-keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-meta-string\">&lt;condition_variable&gt;<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">deque<\/span>&lt;<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span>&gt; q;\r\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::mutex mu;\r\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::condition_variable cond;\r\n\r\n<span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">function_1<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">()<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> count = <span class=\"hljs-number\">10<\/span>;\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> (count &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>) {\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::unique_lock&lt;<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::mutex&gt; locker(mu);\r\n        q.push_front(count);\r\n        locker.unlock();\r\n        cond.notify_one();  <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ Notify one waiting thread, if there is one.<\/span>\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::this_thread::sleep_for(<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::chrono::seconds(<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>));\r\n        count--;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\n<span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">function_2<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">()<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> data = <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>;\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> ( data != <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>) {\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::unique_lock&lt;<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::mutex&gt; locker(mu);\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span>(q.empty())\r\n            cond.wait(locker); <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ Unlock mu and wait to be notified<\/span>\r\n        data = q.back();\r\n        q.pop_back();\r\n        locker.unlock();\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">cout<\/span> &lt;&lt; <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"t2 got a value from t1: \"<\/span> &lt;&lt; data &lt;&lt; <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">endl<\/span>;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">main<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">()<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-function\">thread <span class=\"hljs-title\">t1<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">(function_1)<\/span><\/span>;\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-function\">thread <span class=\"hljs-title\">t2<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">(function_2)<\/span><\/span>;\r\n    t1.join();\r\n    t2.join();\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6CPU\u7684\u5360\u7528\u7387\u4e5f\u5f88\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"image-package\">\n<div class=\"image-container\">\n<div class=\"image-container-fill\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"image-view\" data-width=\"630\" data-height=\"285\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/upload-images.jianshu.io\/upload_images\/4427263-236c78f4efd1ef35.png?imageMogr2\/auto-orient\/strip%7CimageView2\/2\/w\/630\/format\/webp\" data-original-src=\"\/\/upload-images.jianshu.io\/upload_images\/4427263-236c78f4efd1ef35.png\" data-original-width=\"630\" data-original-height=\"285\" data-original-format=\"image\/png\" data-original-filesize=\"17191\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"image-caption\">\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u7684CPU\u5360\u7528\u7387.png<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5728<code>function_2<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f<code>while(q.empty())<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f<code>if(q.empty())<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a<code>wait()<\/code>\u4ece\u963b\u585e\u5230\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u4e8e<code>notify_one()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u539f\u56e0\u5524\u9192\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u673a\u5236\u6709\u5173\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7684\u65f6\u673a\u548c\u9891\u7387\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c<strong>\u4f2a\u5524\u9192<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u88ab\u5524\u9192\u4e86\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u5c31\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5c31\u7ee7\u7eed<code>wait()<\/code>\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f<code>std::unique_lock<\/code>\u800c\u4e0d\u662f<code>std::lock_guard<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528<code>std::lock_guard<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u5148\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0b<code>wait()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5728<code>wait()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u679c<code>wait<\/code>\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u6ca1\u505a\uff0c\u5c82\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u6709\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\uff1f\u90a3\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5361\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5165\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c<strong><code>wait()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5148\u8c03\u7528\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u7684<code>unlock()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7761\u7720\uff0c\u5728\u88ab\u5524\u9192\u540e\uff0c\u53c8\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6301\u6709\u9501\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u540e\u9762\u7684\u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong>\u800c<code>lock_guard<\/code>\u6ca1\u6709<code>lock<\/code>\u548c<code>unlock<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c<code>unique_lock<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528<code>unique_lock<\/code>\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u9501\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c0f\u9501\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5728<code>notify_one()<\/code>\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5904\u4e8e\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u5524\u9192\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u9501<code>unlock()<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06<code>cond.wait(locker);<\/code>\u6362\u4e00\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c<code>wait()<\/code>\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8868\u793a\u68c0\u67e5\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528<code>lambda<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6700\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f<code>true<\/code>\uff0c<code>wait()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f<code>false<\/code>\uff0c<code>wait()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u7740\u7b49\u5f85\u5524\u9192\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u88ab\u4f2a\u5524\u9192\uff0c\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5224\u65ad\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"hljs cpp\"><code class=\"cpp\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">function_2<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">()<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> data = <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>;\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> ( data != <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>) {\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::unique_lock&lt;<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::mutex&gt; locker(mu);\r\n        cond.wait(locker, [](){ <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> !q.empty();} );  <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ Unlock mu and wait to be notified<\/span>\r\n        data = q.back();\r\n        q.pop_back();\r\n        locker.unlock();\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">cout<\/span> &lt;&lt; <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"t2 got a value from t1: \"<\/span> &lt;&lt; data &lt;&lt; <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">std<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">endl<\/span>;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86<code>notify_one()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c<code>c++<\/code>\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86<code>notify_all()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5524\u9192\u6240\u6709\u5904\u4e8e<code>wait<\/code>\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u53c2\u8003<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/book.douban.com\/subject\/26386925\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">C++\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b9e\u6218<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=13dFggo4t_I&amp;index=6&amp;list=PL5jc9xFGsL8E12so1wlMS0r0hTQoJL74M\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">C++ Threading #6: Condition Variable<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u5e16\u5730\u5740 \u4e92\u65a5\u9501std::mutex\u662f\u4e00<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[119],"class_list":["post-3174","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","tag-03-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3174","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3174"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3174\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3174"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3174"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3174"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}