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\u90a3\u4e48\u7a7a\u95f2\u94fe\u8868\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u7528\u6237\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\u4e86\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0cmalloc\uff08\uff09\u51fd\u6570\u8bf7\u6c42\u5ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u7a7a\u95f2\u94fe\u8868\u4e0a\u68c0\u67e5\u5404\u5185\u5b58\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u6574\u7406\uff0c\u5c06\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u5c0f\u7a7a\u95f2\u5757\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<p>brk\u548cmmap\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5b8c\u6210\uff1abrk\u548cmmap\uff08\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1\u3001brk\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6bb5(.data)\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5730\u5740\u6307\u9488_edata\u5f80\u9ad8\u5730\u5740\u63a8\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>2\u3001mmap\u662f\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff08\u5806\u548c\u6808\u4e2d\u95f4\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6620\u5c04\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff09\u627e\u4e00\u5757\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5206\u914d\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u914d\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u5df2\u5206\u914d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u7f3a\u9875\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8d23\u5206\u914d\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5efa\u7acb\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6807\u51c6C\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86malloc\/free\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u914d\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u7531brk\uff0cmmap\uff0cmunmap\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>7\u3001C++\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cSTL\u7684allocator\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5206\u914d\u5668<\/b><\/p>\n<p>C++\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5728c++\u4e2d\u5185\u5b58\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a5\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6808\uff08Stack\uff09\uff1a\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8be5\u533a\uff0c\u7531\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u914d\u548c\u91ca\u653e.\u6808\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fdb\u6808\u51fa\u6808\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6307\u4ee4\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5206\u914d\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u6808\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u5206\u9ad8\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6808\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5806(Heap)\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u624b\u52a8\u5206\u914d\u548c\u91ca\u653e\uff08new,delete\uff09\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5f53\u6536\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u7533\u8bf7\u65f6\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u4e8e\u7533\u8bf7\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5806\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u3002\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728\u8be5\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740\u5904\u8bb0\u5f55\u672c\u6b21\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8edelete\u91ca\u653e\u8be5\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5168\u5c40\/\u9759\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u533a:\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u5230\u8be5\u533a\uff0c\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u5305\u62ecDATA\u6bb5\uff08\u5168\u5c40\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u533a\uff09\u4e0eBSS\u6bb5\uff08\u5168\u5c40\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6bb5\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u5b58\u653e\u5728DATA\u6bb5\uff0c\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u5b58\u653e\u5728BSS\u6bb5\u3002BSS\u6bb5\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u524dBSS\u6bb5\u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u96f6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a0.<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u5b57\u5e38\u91cf\u533a\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u533a\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<p>SGI \u7248\u672cSTL\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u5668std::alloc<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u89c1\uff1a\u300aSTL\u6e90\u7801\u5256\u6790\u300b<\/p>\n<p>1\uff09\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5c0f\u578b\u533a\u5757\u6240\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247\u95ee\u9898\uff0cSGI\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u53cc\u5c42\u914d\u7f6e\u5668\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ea7\u914d\u7f6e\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528malloc()\u548cfree()\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ea7\u5219\u89c6\u60c5\u51b5\u91c7\u53d6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u5f53\u914d\u7f6e\u533a\u5757\u8d85\u8fc7128bytes\u65f6\uff0c\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u8db3\u591f\u5927\u201d\uff0c\u4fbf\u8c03\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ea7\u914d\u7f6e\u5668\uff1b\u5f53\u914d\u7f6e\u533a\u5757\u5c0f\u4e8e128bytes\u65f6\uff0c\u89c6\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u8fc7\u5c0f\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u964d\u4f4e\u989d\u5916\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u4fbf\u91c7\u7528memory pool\uff08\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\uff09\u6574\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5728\u6c42\u52a9\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ea7\u914d\u7f6e\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2\uff09\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1a\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u548c16\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u94fe\u8868\uff08\u5404\u81ea\u7ba1\u74068,16\uff0c&#8230;\uff0c128bytes\u7684\u5c0f\u989d\u533a\u5757\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u533a\u5757\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5728\u6240\u5c5e\u81ea\u7531\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u62bd\u51fa\u5206\u914d\uff1b\u82e5\u6240\u5c5e\u81ea\u7531\u94fe\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u8bf7\u6c42\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u4e3a\u6240\u5c5e\u81ea\u7531\u94fe\u8868\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u8be5\u81ea\u7531\u94fe\u8868\u5206\u914d20\u4e2a\u533a\u5757\uff0c\u82e5\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5206\u914d\u53ef\u5206\u914d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1b\u82e5\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u8fde\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u5757\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u5219\u8c03\u7528chunk_alloc\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u5927\u5757\u533a\u5757\uff1b\u82e5\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8c03\u7528malloc\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56debad_alloc\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>8\u3001hash\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ecSTL\u4e2d\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u6876\u957f\u5ea6\u5e38\u6570\u3002<\/b><\/p>\n<p>hash\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6563\u5217\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u78b0\u649e\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1\uff09hash function \uff08\u6563\u5217\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6563\u5217\u51fd\u6570\uff1af(x) = x % TableSize .<\/p>\n<p>2\uff09\u78b0\u649e\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u4e0d\u540c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6563\u5217\u503c\u76f8\u540c\uff09\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u78b0\u649e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ebf\u6027\u63a2\u6d4b\u3001\u4e8c\u6b21\u63a2\u6d4b\u3001\u5f00\u94fe\u7b49\u505a\u6cd5\u3002SGL\u7248\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u5f00\u94fe\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u4fdd\u6301\u76f8\u540c\u6563\u5217\u503c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u5f00\u94fe\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u8868\u683c\u5927\u5c0f\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u8d28\u6570\uff0c\u4f46SGI STL\u4ecd\u7136\u4ee5\u8d28\u6570\u6765\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8868\u683c\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c0628\u4e2a\u8d28\u6570\uff08\u9010\u6e10\u5448\u73b0\u5927\u7ea6\u4e24\u500d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff09\u8ba1\u7b97\u597d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5907\u968f\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u8be2\u5728\u8fd928\u4e2a\u8d28\u6570\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u67d0\u6570\u5e76\u5927\u4e8e\u67d0\u6570\u201d\u7684\u8d28\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>9\u3001hash\u8868\u5982\u4f55rehash\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406\u5176\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u8d44\u6e90<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u5148\u60f3\u60f3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981rehash:<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f53loadFactor\uff08\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b50\uff09&lt;=1\u65f6\uff0chash\u8868\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u671f\u671b\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(1). \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u5f80hash\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u662f\u5728loadFactor &lt;1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6a21\u4effC++\u7684vector\u6269\u5bb9\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cHash\u8868\u4e2d\u6bcf\u6b21\u53d1\u73b0loadFactor==1\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u6765\u6876\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e24\u500d\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u65b0\u6876\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6876\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u5168\u90e8\u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u6765\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u6876\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f6c\u79fb\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5143\u7d20\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u91cd\u65b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u5230\u65b0\u6876\u4e2d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>10\u3001Redis\u7684rehash\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6e10\u8fdbrehash\uff0c\u6e10\u8fdbrehash\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514drehash\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u5c06ht[0]\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5168\u90e8rehash\u5230ht[1]\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5206\u591a\u6b21\u3001\u6e10\u8fdb\u5f0f\u5730\u5c06ht[0]\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6162\u6162\u5730rehash\u5230ht[1].<\/p>\n<p><b>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6e10\u8fdb\u5f0f rehash \u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a ht[1] \u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c \u8ba9\u5b57\u5178\u540c\u65f6\u6301\u6709 ht[0] \u548c ht[1] \u4e24\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u53d8\u91cf rehashidx \uff0c \u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 0 \uff0c \u8868\u793a rehash \u5de5\u4f5c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 rehash \u8fdb\u884c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c \u6bcf\u6b21\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u6267\u884c\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c \u7a0b\u5e8f\u9664\u4e86\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c \u8fd8\u4f1a\u987a\u5e26\u5c06 ht[0] \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5728 rehashidx \u7d22\u5f15\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 rehash \u5230 ht[1] \uff0c \u5f53 rehash \u5de5\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06 rehashidx \u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u589e\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u5b57\u5178\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u6267\u884c\uff0c \u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c ht[0] \u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab rehash \u81f3 ht[1] \uff0c \u8fd9\u65f6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06 rehashidx \u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3a -1 \uff0c \u8868\u793a rehash \u64cd\u4f5c\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6e10\u8fdb\u5f0f rehash \u7684\u597d\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u91c7\u53d6\u5206\u800c\u6cbb\u4e4b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c \u5c06 rehash \u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5de5\u4f5c\u5747\u6ee9\u5230\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a\uff0c \u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f rehash \u800c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5e9e\u5927\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>11\u3001Redis\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u673a\u5236\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u8fdb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f0a\u7aef<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Redis\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u7c7b\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\uff09\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9\u5b9a\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\uff09\u3002Redis\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u673a\u5236\u5c31\u662f\u501f\u52a9\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7ec4\u6210\uff1aid\uff1a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6807\u8bc6\u53f7\uff1bwhen\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\u95f4\uff1btimeProc\uff1a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6839\u636e\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5b9a\u65f6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8fd8\u662f\u5468\u671f\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<figure data-size=\"normal\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"content_image lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-25b52f1a18d09b0eef01fdc31f3f1709_hd.jpg\" width=\"1\" data-caption=\"\" data-size=\"normal\" data-rawwidth=\"1\" data-rawheight=\"1\" data-actualsrc=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-25b52f1a18d09b0eef01fdc31f3f1709_b.jpg\" data-lazy-status=\"ok\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u5f0a\u7aef\uff1aRedis\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u5e76\u4e0d\u51c6\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6bd4\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u5230\u8fbe\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7a0d\u665a\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6539\u8fdb\uff1a\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1f\uff08\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>12\u3001Redis\u662f\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e48\u9ad8\u6548<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136Redis\u6587\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4ee5\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528I\/O\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u76d1\u542c\u591a\u4e2a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u5668\u65e2\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u4e0eRedis\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u6837\u4ee5\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u63a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86Redis\u5185\u90e8\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<figure data-size=\"normal\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"content_image lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-da61dad896f9060c2dad885889ffc968_hd.jpg\" width=\"403\" data-caption=\"\" data-size=\"normal\" data-rawwidth=\"403\" data-rawheight=\"357\" data-actualsrc=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-da61dad896f9060c2dad885889ffc968_b.jpg\" data-lazy-status=\"ok\" \/><\/figure>\n<figure data-size=\"normal\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"content_image lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-dcb95d1893c83abe15b73b5e351c4ce7_hd.jpg\" width=\"398\" data-caption=\"\" data-size=\"normal\" data-rawwidth=\"398\" data-rawheight=\"227\" data-actualsrc=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-dcb95d1893c83abe15b73b5e351c4ce7_b.jpg\" data-lazy-status=\"ok\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><b>13\u3001Redis\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff0c\u5e95\u5c42\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1\uff09\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1a\u6574\u6570\u503c\u3001embstr\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u52a8\u6001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u52a8\u6001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08SDS)<\/p>\n<p>2\uff09\u5217\u8868\uff1a\u538b\u7f29\u5217\u8868\u3001\u53cc\u7aef\u94fe\u8868<\/p>\n<p>3\uff09\u54c8\u5e0c\uff1a\u538b\u7f29\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u5178<\/p>\n<p>4\uff09\u96c6\u5408\uff1a\u6574\u6570\u96c6\u5408\u3001\u5b57\u5178<\/p>\n<p>5\uff09\u6709\u5e8f\u96c6\u5408\uff1a\u538b\u7f29\u5217\u8868\u3001\u8df3\u8dc3\u8868\u548c\u5b57\u5178<\/p>\n<p><b>14\u3001Redis\u548cmemcached\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Redis\u548cmemcached\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><b>1\uff09\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b \uff1a<\/b>redis\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u652f\u6301set liset\u7b49\u7c7b\u578b\uff1bmemcache\u652f\u6301\u7b80\u5355\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u81ea\u5df1\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<p><b>2\uff09\u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff1ar<\/b>edis\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u843d\u5730\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\uff1bmemcache\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5b58\u50a8\u3002)<\/p>\n<p><b>3\uff09\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\uff1a<\/b>redis\u652f\u6301master-slave\u590d\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1bmemcache\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u81f4\u6027hash\u505a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>4\uff09value\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a<\/b>memcache\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u5b58\uff0ckey\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5c0f\u4e8e250\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5355\u4e2aitem\u5b58\u50a8\u8981\u5c0f\u4e8e1M\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<p><b>5\uff09\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a<\/b>redis\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u63d0\u4ea4\uff1bmemcache\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528cas\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002CAS\uff08Check and Set\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u4fdd\u5e76\u53d1\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u201d\u8303\u7574\uff1b\u539f\u7406\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u62ff\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u81f4\u5c31\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u5c31\u653e\u5f03\u4efb\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<p><b>6\uff09cpu\u5229\u7528\uff1a<\/b>redis\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2acpu\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u542f\u591a\u4e2aredis\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p><b>15\u3001TCP\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb<\/b><\/p>\n<p>TCP\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<figure data-size=\"normal\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"content_image lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-25b52f1a18d09b0eef01fdc31f3f1709_hd.jpg\" width=\"1\" data-caption=\"\" data-size=\"normal\" data-rawwidth=\"1\" data-rawheight=\"1\" data-actualsrc=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-25b52f1a18d09b0eef01fdc31f3f1709_b.jpg\" data-lazy-status=\"ok\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u719f\u6089\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b \u548c \u56db\u6b21\u91ca\u653e\u7684TCP\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n<figure data-size=\"normal\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-187cd0a4450782cac281120b18da07c0_hd.jpg\" width=\"501\" data-caption=\"\" data-size=\"normal\" data-rawwidth=\"501\" data-rawheight=\"632\" data-original=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-187cd0a4450782cac281120b18da07c0_r.jpg\" data-actualsrc=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-187cd0a4450782cac281120b18da07c0_b.jpg\" data-lazy-status=\"ok\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><b>16\u3001\u7528\u8fc7\u54ea\u4e9b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5355\u4f8b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>1\uff09Template Method\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u300aeffective c++\u300b \u6761\u6b3e35 \uff1a\u501f\u52a9Non-virtual Interface\u624b\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0Template Method\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>2\uff09Strategy\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u300aeffective c++\u300b \u6761\u6b3e35\uff1a\u501f\u52a9Function Pointers \u5b9e\u73b0Strategy\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u501f\u52a9std::function\u5b8c\u6210Strategy\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u53e4\u5178Strategy\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p><b>17\u3001\u7528\u8fc7\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5417\uff0c\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd8\u80fd\u600e\u4e48\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u521b\u5efa<\/p>\n<p>1#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>3int pthread_create(pthread_t *restrict thread,<\/p>\n<p>4 const pthread_attr_t *restrict attr,<\/p>\n<p>5 void *(*start_routine)(void*),<\/p>\n<p>6 void *restrict arg);<\/p>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u7ebf\u7a0b\u51fd\u6570return\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u4ecemain\u51fd\u6570return\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8c03\u7528exit\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528pthread_cancel\u7ec8\u6b62\u540c\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528pthread_exit\u7ec8\u6b62\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><b>18\u3001epoll\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0creactor\u6a21\u578b\u7ec4\u6210<\/b><\/p>\n<p>epoll\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><b>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a<\/b>epoll_create()\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u8c03\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u90fd\u4f9d\u9760\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u67c4\uff08eventpoll\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1struct eventpoll{<\/p>\n<p>2 &#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>3 \/*\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u9897\u6811\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7740\u6240\u6709\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230epoll\u4e2d\u7684\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6*\/<\/p>\n<p>4 struct rb_root rbr;<\/p>\n<p>5 \/*\u53cc\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5219\u5b58\u653e\u7740\u5c06\u8981\u901a\u8fc7epoll_wait\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6*\/<\/p>\n<p>6 struct list_head rdlist;<\/p>\n<p>7 &#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>8};<\/p>\n<p><b>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a<\/b>epoll_ctl()\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u8c03\u7528\u5411epoll\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de0\u6807\u8bc6\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de-1\u8868\u793a\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\uff1a<\/b>epoll_wait()\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u8c03\u7528\u6536\u96c6\u6536\u96c6\u5728epoll\u76d1\u63a7\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Reactor\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<figure data-size=\"normal\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"content_image lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-25b52f1a18d09b0eef01fdc31f3f1709_hd.jpg\" width=\"1\" data-caption=\"\" data-size=\"normal\" data-rawwidth=\"1\" data-rawheight=\"1\" data-actualsrc=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-25b52f1a18d09b0eef01fdc31f3f1709_b.jpg\" data-lazy-status=\"ok\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><b>1\uff09Handle\uff1a<\/b>\u5373\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u8d44\u6e90\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5(Socket)\u3001Timer\u7b49\u3002\u7531\u4e8eReactor\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e00\u822c\u6307Socket Handle\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>2\uff09Synchronous Event Demultiplexer\uff08\u540c\u6b65\u4e8b\u4ef6\u590d\u7528\u5668\uff09\uff1a<\/b>\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684Handle\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5230\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5373\u8868\u793a\u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u7684Handle\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u963b\u585e\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684select\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>3\uff09Initiation Dispatcher\uff1a<\/b>\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406Event Handler\uff0c\u5373EventHandler\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u79fb\u9664EventHandler\u7b49\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u4f5c\u4e3aReactor\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u8c03\u7528Synchronous Event Demultiplexer\u7684select\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5f53\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684Handle\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u53d1\u7ed9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Event Handler\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5373\u56de\u8c03EventHandler\u4e2d\u7684handle_event()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>4\uff09Event Handler\uff1a<\/b>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1ahandle_event()\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f9bInitiationDispatcher\u56de\u8c03\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>5\uff09Concrete Event Handler\uff1a<\/b>\u4e8b\u4ef6EventHandler\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>20\u3001\u624b\u6495\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a1\uff09\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u54c8\u592b\u66fc\u6811\u7684\u5934\u6307\u9488\u30022\uff09\u6700\u957f\u516c\u5171\u8fde\u7eed\u5b50\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>21\u3001\u968f\u4fbf\u6311\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5df1\u6536\u83b7\u6700\u591a\u6bd4\u8d5b\u6216\u8005\u9879\u76ee\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6536\u83b7\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>22\u3001\u5355\u6838\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u5199\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u52a0\u9501\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>23\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0cSP\u3001PC\u3001EAX\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u662f\u5e72\u561b\u7528\u7684<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>24\u3001HTTP\u548cHTTPS\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0cHTTPS\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u597d\u5904\u548c\u574f\u5904\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>25\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u8bf4\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1\uff09\u4e92\u65a5\u91cf\uff08mutex\uff09<\/p>\n<p>1#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>3int pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t *mutex); \/\/\u9500\u6bc1<\/p>\n<p>4int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *restrict mutex,<\/p>\n<p>5 const pthread_mutexattr_t *restrict attr); \/\/\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/p>\n<p>6pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;<\/p>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<p>8int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex); \/\/\u4e0a\u9501<\/p>\n<p>9int pthread_mutex_trylock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex); \/\/\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0a\u9501<\/p>\n<p>10int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex); \/\/\u89e3\u9501<\/p>\n<p>2\uff09\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\uff08Condition Variable\uff09<\/p>\n<p>1#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>3int pthread_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t *cond); \/\/\u9500\u6bc1<\/p>\n<p>4int pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t *restrict cond,<\/p>\n<p>5 const pthread_condattr_t *restrict attr); \/\/\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/p>\n<p>6pthread_cond_t cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;<\/p>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<p>8int pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *restrict cond,<\/p>\n<p>9 pthread_mutex_t *restrict mutex,<\/p>\n<p>10 const struct timespec *restrict abstime);<\/p>\n<p>11int pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *restrict cond,<\/p>\n<p>12 pthread_mutex_t *restrict mutex);<\/p>\n<p>13int pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t *cond);<\/p>\n<p>14int pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t *cond);<\/p>\n<p>3\uff09\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\uff08Semaphore\uff09<\/p>\n<p>1#include &lt;semaphore.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>3int sem_init(sem_t *sem, int pshared, unsigned int value);<\/p>\n<p>4int sem_wait(sem_t *sem);<\/p>\n<p>5int sem_trywait(sem_t *sem);<\/p>\n<p>6int sem_post(sem_t * sem);<\/p>\n<p>7int sem_destroy(sem_t * sem);<\/p>\n<p>\u8c03\u7528sem_wait()\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f7fsemaphore\u7684\u503c\u51cf1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8c03\u7528sem_wait()\u65f6semaphore\u7684\u503c\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f0\uff0c\u5219\u6302\u8d77\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u6302\u8d77\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528sem_trywait()\u3002\u8c03\u7528sem_post()\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f7fsemaphore\u7684\u503c\u52a01\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5524\u9192\u6302\u8d77\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>26\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u6876\u4e2a\u6570\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8d28\u6570\uff0c\u5408\u6570\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u59a5\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u8d28\u6570\u6bd4\u5408\u6570\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u907f\u514d\u51b2\u649e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4f7f\u7528\u8d28\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u54c8\u5e0c\u6548\u679c\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u7ecf\u54c8\u5e0c\u540e\u5206\u5e03\u66f4\u5747\u5300\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4f59\u65f6\u95f4\u804a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u804a\u62fc\u591a\u591a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u7ecf\u5386\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6446\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u8bc1\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u8fc7\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u8981\u9996\u5148\u5bf9\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u5168\u5c40\u4e0a\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u518d\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e86\u5982\u6307\u638c\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548c\u6280\u672f\u90fd\u53bb\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u9762\u8bd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f88\u591a\u804a\u7684\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u817e\u8baf\u4e8c\u9762\u9762\u7ecf<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>1\u3001redis\u7684\u4e3b\u4ece\u590d\u5236\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u7684<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Redis\u65e7\u7248\u590d\u5236\u529f\u80fd\u53ea\u6709\u540c\u6b65\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u65b0\u7248\u590d\u5236\u529f\u80fd\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1\uff09\u540c\u6b65\uff1a<\/p>\n<figure data-size=\"normal\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"content_image lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-cbc53121819fe769aa6b10a1ae32640c_hd.jpg\" width=\"305\" data-caption=\"\" data-size=\"normal\" data-rawwidth=\"305\" data-rawheight=\"136\" data-actualsrc=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-cbc53121819fe769aa6b10a1ae32640c_b.jpg\" data-lazy-status=\"ok\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>2\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u4f20\u64ad\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5199\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u662f\u9020\u6210\u4e3b\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u90a3\u6761\u5199\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5f53\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5199\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e3b\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u518d\u6b21\u56de\u5230\u4e00\u81f4\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3\uff09\u90e8\u5206\u540c\u6b65\uff1a\uff08\u65ad\u7ebf\u540e\u91cd\u590d\u5236\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e3b\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u590d\u5236\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u77e5\u9053\u4e3b\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5426\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u81f4\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u5236\u79ef\u538b\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff1a\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u4fdd\u5b58\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5199\u547d\u4ee4\u5230\u590d\u5236\u79ef\u538b\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u961f\u5217<\/p>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884cID\uff1a\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0a\u6b21\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684Id\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>2\u3001\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u7a7a\u683c<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1#include &lt;iostream&gt;<\/p>\n<p>2using namespace std;<\/p>\n<p>3int main()<\/p>\n<p>4{<\/p>\n<p>5 char str[40] = &#8221; abc 123 456 &#8220;;<\/p>\n<p>6 int num = 0;<\/p>\n<p>7 int i;<\/p>\n<p>8 for(i = 0; str[i] != &#8221;; ++i)<\/p>\n<p>9 {<\/p>\n<p>10 if(str[i] == &#8216; &#8216;)<\/p>\n<p>11 ++num;<\/p>\n<p>12 else<\/p>\n<p>13 str[i-num] = str[i];<\/p>\n<p>14 }<\/p>\n<p>15 str[i-num] = &#8221;;<\/p>\n<p>16 printf(&#8220;%s<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;,str);<\/p>\n<p>17}<\/p>\n<p><b>3\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5feb\u901f\u4e0b\u53d1\u5230100w\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/b><\/p>\n<p>gossip\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1fGossip\u6709\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u522b\u540d\u201c\u95f2\u8bdd\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u3001\u201c\u75ab\u60c5\u4f20\u64ad\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u3001\u201c\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8c23\u8a00\u4f20\u64ad\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>4\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u662f\u5426\u8fde\u540c\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>DFS\u3001BFS\u3001\u5e76\u67e5\u96c6<\/p>\n<p><b>5\u3001ubuntu\u5f00\u673a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7cfb\u7edf\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1\uff09\u52a0\u8f7dBIOS<\/p>\n<p>BIOS\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u80fd\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u53eb\u505a\u201d\u786c\u4ef6\u81ea\u68c0\u201d\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u81ea\u68c0\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0cBIOS\u628a\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u8f6c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2\uff09\u8bfb\u53d6MBR<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bfb\u53d6\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\u6700\u524d\u9762\u7684512\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9512\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u662f0x55\u548c0xAA\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u52a8\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u4e8e\u662f\u88ab\u8f6c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u201d\u542f\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3\uff09Bootloader<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bfb\u53d6\u201d\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bb0\u5f55\u201d\u524d\u9762446\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7801\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u628a\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u8f6c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8b\u5148\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u201d\u542f\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u201d\uff08boot loader\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u7528\u6237\u9009\u62e9\u542f\u52a8\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Boot Loader \u5c31\u662f\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u56fe\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u73af\u5883\u5e26\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u8c03\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u505a\u597d\u4e00\u5207\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Boot Loader\u6709\u82e5\u5e72\u79cd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dGrub\u3001Lilo\u548cspfdisk\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Loader\u3002Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u662fGrub\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4\uff09\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u6838\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\uff0c\u63a5\u5f00\u59cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u6709\u60f3\u8981\u5b66\u4e60C\/C++\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u70b9\u51fb\u6587\u672b\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u9886\u53d6\u514d\u8d39\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740 \u4ece\u4e8bC\/C++\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5c0f\u7801\u519c 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