{"id":4869,"date":"2020-12-10T15:28:01","date_gmt":"2020-12-10T07:28:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damogame.cn\/wordpress\/?p=4869"},"modified":"2020-12-10T15:28:01","modified_gmt":"2020-12-10T07:28:01","slug":"%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3linux%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e7%bc%96%e8%af%91%e9%93%be%e6%8e%a5%e5%8a%a8%e6%80%81%e5%ba%93%e7%89%88%e6%9c%ac%e7%9a%84%e7%9b%b8%e5%85%b3%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/4869","title":{"rendered":"\u89e3\u51b3Linux\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u8bd1\u94fe\u63a5\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2017\u5e7401\u670825\u65e5 08:34:38 \u00a0 \u4f5c\u8005\uff1alittlewhite<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3Linux\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u8bd1\u94fe\u63a5\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6587\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u501f\u9274\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\u770b\u5427\u3002<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u4f4e\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u662f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u3002Linux\u4e0a\u5bf9\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u547d\u540d\u91c7\u7528libxxx.so.a.b.c\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2da\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0cb\u4ee3\u8868\u5c0f\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0cc\u4ee3\u8868\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5Linux\u81ea\u5e26\u7684cp\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7ldd\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93<\/p>\n

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1<\/div>\n
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6<\/div>\n
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10<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
$ ldd <\/code>\/bin\/cp<\/code><\/div>\n
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007ffff59df000)<\/code><\/div>\n
libselinux.so.1 => <\/code>\/lib64\/libselinux<\/code>.so.1 (0x00007fb3357e0000)<\/code><\/div>\n
librt.so.1 => <\/code>\/lib64\/librt<\/code>.so.1 (0x00007fb3355d7000)<\/code><\/div>\n
libacl.so.1 => <\/code>\/lib64\/libacl<\/code>.so.1 (0x00007fb3353cf000)<\/code><\/div>\n
libattr.so.1 => <\/code>\/lib64\/libattr<\/code>.so.1 (0x00007fb3351ca000)<\/code><\/div>\n
libc.so.6 => <\/code>\/lib64\/libc<\/code>.so.6 (0x00007fb334e35000)<\/code><\/div>\n
libdl.so.2 => <\/code>\/lib64\/libdl<\/code>.so.2 (0x00007fb334c31000)<\/code><\/div>\n
\/lib64\/ld-linux-x86-64<\/code>.so.2 (0x00007fb335a0d000)<\/code><\/div>\n
libpthread.so.0 => <\/code>\/lib64\/libpthread<\/code>.so.0 (0x00007fb334a14000)<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5de6\u8fb9\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u662f\u94fe\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u518d\u67e5\u770blibacl.so\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n
3<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
$ ll <\/code>\/lib64\/libacl<\/code>.so*\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/code><\/div>\n
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 1\u6708 7 2015 <\/code>\/lib64\/libacl<\/code>.so.1 -> libacl.so.1.1.0<\/code><\/div>\n
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 31280 12\u6708 8 2011 <\/code>\/lib64\/libacl<\/code>.so.1.1.0<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0libacl.so.1\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u662flibacl.so.1.1.0\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u6309\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u547d\u540d\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<\/p>\n

\n
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1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
$ ll <\/code>\/lib64\/libc<\/code>.so*\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/code><\/div>\n
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 8\u6708 12 14:18 <\/code>\/lib64\/libc<\/code>.so.6 -> libc-2.12.so<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u6837\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6309\u7167\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u751f\u6210\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5728\u673a\u5668A\u4e0a\u7f16\u8bd1\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5728\u673a\u5668B\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6709\u7565\u5fae\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u8bf4\u8bf4\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u5728\u751f\u6210\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n

\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n

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\n
\n
\/\/<\/code> filename:hello.c<\/code><\/div>\n
#include <stdio.h><\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
void hello(const char* name)<\/code><\/div>\n
{<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/code>printf<\/code>(<\/code>\"hello %s!\\n\"<\/code>, name);<\/code><\/div>\n
}<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\/\/<\/code> filename:hello.h<\/code><\/div>\n
void hello(const char* name);<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u91c7\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8bd1<\/p>\n

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1<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
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gcc hello.c -fPIC -shared -Wl,-soname,libhello.so.0 -o libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f-Wl,soname<\/code>\uff08\u4e2d\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff09\uff0c-Wl\u9009\u9879\u544a\u8bc9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u540e\u9762\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\uff0c
\n-soname<\/code>\u5219\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684soname(\u7b80\u5355\u5171\u4eab\u540d\uff0cShort for shared object name)<\/p>\n

\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u6210\u4e86libhello.so.0.0.1\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8fd0\u884cldconfig -n .<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4f1a\u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n

\n
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$ ll libhello.so.0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/code><\/div>\n
lrwxrwxrwx 1 handy handy 17 8\u6708 17 14:18 libhello.so.0 -> libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5462\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u622a\u53d6libhello.so.0.0.1\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u524d\u9762\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6839\u636elibhello.so.0.0.1\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684-soname\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7-soname\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb0\u8f7d\u5230\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\u91cc\u9762\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5426\u6309libxxx.so.a.b.c\u683c\u5f0f\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4f46Linux\u4e0a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u90fd\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86-soname\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7readelf\u5de5\u5177\u67e5\u770bsoname\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6587\u7ae0\u5f00\u5934\u5217\u4e3e\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u5e93<\/p>\n

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1<\/div>\n
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\n
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$ readelf -d <\/code>\/lib64\/libacl<\/code>.so.1.1.0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Dynamic section at offset 0x6de8 contains 24 entries:<\/code><\/div>\n
Tag Type\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Name<\/code>\/Value<\/code><\/div>\n
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)\u00a0 Shared library: [libattr.so.1]<\/code><\/div>\n
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)\u00a0 Shared library: [libc.so.6]<\/code><\/div>\n
0x000000000000000e (SONAME)\u00a0 Library soname: [libacl.so.1]<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884cSONAME\u4e3alibacl.so.1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\/lib64\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8f6f\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n

\u518d\u770blibc-2.12.so\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n

\n
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1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n
3<\/div>\n
4<\/div>\n
5<\/div>\n
6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
$ readelf -d <\/code>\/lib64\/libc-2<\/code>.12.so\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Dynamic section at offset 0x18db40 contains 27 entries:<\/code><\/div>\n
Tag Type\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Name<\/code>\/Value<\/code><\/div>\n
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)\u00a0 Shared library: [ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]<\/code><\/div>\n
0x000000000000000e (SONAME)\u00a0 Library soname: [libc.so.6]<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884cSONAME\u4e3alibc.so.6\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u8be5\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u6ca1\u6709\u6309\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u65e7\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u94fe\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\uff0c\u800c\u8be5\u8f6f\u94fe\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5c31\u662fsoname\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u540d\u5b57<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u5173\u952e\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2asoname\uff0c\u5b83\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u8005\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u53ea\u662f\u5347\u7ea7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7248\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5b83\u7684soname\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u8ba4soname\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f9d\u8d56\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5c31\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u7248\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u7279\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee5hello\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

\n
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\n
1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n
3<\/div>\n
4<\/div>\n
5<\/div>\n
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\n
\n
\/\/<\/code> filename:main.c<\/code><\/div>\n
#include \"hello.h\"<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
int main()<\/code><\/div>\n
{<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/code>hello(<\/code>\"handy\"<\/code>);<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/code>return<\/code> 0;<\/code><\/div>\n
}<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u73b0\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4e0b\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n

\n
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\n\n\n\n
\n
1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n
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4<\/div>\n
5<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
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\u251c\u2500\u2500 hello.c<\/code><\/div>\n
\u251c\u2500\u2500 hello.h<\/code><\/div>\n
\u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0 -> libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
\u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
\u2514\u2500\u2500 main.c<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

libhello.so.0.0.1\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u8bd1\u751f\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\uff0clibhello.so.0\u662f\u901a\u8fc7ldconfig\u751f\u6210\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7f16\u8bd1main.c<\/p>\n

\n
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1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
$ gcc main.c -L. -lhello -o main\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/code><\/div>\n
\/usr\/bin\/ld<\/code>: cannot <\/code>find<\/code> -lhello<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u62a5\u9519\u627e\u4e0d\u5230hello\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\uff0c\u5728Linux\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a-lhello\uff0c\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u4f1a\u53bb\u5bfb\u627elibhello.so\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u5efa\u7acb\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u94fe\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n
3<\/div>\n
4<\/div>\n
5<\/div>\n
6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
\u251c\u2500\u2500 hello.c<\/code><\/div>\n
\u251c\u2500\u2500 hello.h<\/code><\/div>\n
\u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so -> libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
\u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0 -> libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
\u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
\u2514\u2500\u2500 main.c<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u8ba9libhello.so\u94fe\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6libhello.so.0.0.1\uff0c\u518d\u7f16\u8bd1main\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
1<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
gcc main.c -L. -lhello -o main<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u4f1a\u53bb\u627e\u5b83\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684libxxx.so\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1libxxx.so\u7684\u5b58\u5728<\/p>\n

\u7528ldd\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n
3<\/div>\n
4<\/div>\n
5<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
$ ldd main\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/code><\/div>\n
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fffe23f2000)<\/code><\/div>\n
libhello.so.0 => not found<\/code><\/div>\n
libc.so.6 => <\/code>\/lib64\/libc<\/code>.so.6 (0x00007fb6cd084000)<\/code><\/div>\n
\/lib64\/ld-linux-x86-64<\/code>.so.2 (0x00007fb6cd427000)<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0main\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u540d\u5b57\u662flibhello.so.0\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0d\u662flibhello.so\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662flibhello.so.0.0.1\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u751f\u6210main\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u6b65<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u8bd1\u547d\u4ee4-L. -lhello\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u67e5\u627elibhello.so\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
  2. \u8bfb\u53d6libhello.so\u94fe\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u662flibhello.so.0.0.1<\/li>\n
  3. \u8bfb\u53d6libhello.so.0.0.1\u4e2d\u7684SONAME\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u662flibhello.so.0<\/li>\n
  4. \u5c06libhello.so.0\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230main\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\u91cc<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4libhello.so.0\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u50a8\u5230main\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\u91cc\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7ldd\u67e5\u770b\u5b83\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u90fd\u662flibhello.so.0<\/p>\n

    \u800c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u91ccldd\u67e5\u770bmain\u663e\u793alibhello.so.0\u4e3anot found\u5462\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aldd\u662f\u4ece\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf$LD_LIBRARY_PATH\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u91cc\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6307\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u518d\u8fd0\u884c\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n
    2<\/div>\n
    3<\/div>\n
    4<\/div>\n
    5<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    $ <\/code>export<\/code> LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. && ldd main\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/code><\/div>\n
    linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff7bb63000)<\/code><\/div>\n
    libhello.so.0 => .<\/code>\/libhello<\/code>.so.0 (0x00007f2a3fd39000)<\/code><\/div>\n
    libc.so.6 => <\/code>\/lib64\/libc<\/code>.so.6 (0x00007f2a3f997000)<\/code><\/div>\n
    \/lib64\/ld-linux-x86-64<\/code>.so.2 (0x00007f2a3ff3b000)<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c<\/strong>
    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u73b0\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n
    2<\/div>\n
    3<\/div>\n
    4<\/div>\n
    5<\/div>\n
    6<\/div>\n
    7<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 hello.c<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 hello.h<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so -> libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0 -> libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 main<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u2514\u2500\u2500 main.c<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u6df7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u4e2d\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u7406\u6e05\u695a<\/p>\n

    \u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7ldd\u67e5\u770b\u4e86main\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86LD_LIBRARY_PATH\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n
    2<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    $ .<\/code>\/main<\/code><\/div>\n
    hello Handy!<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u987a\u5229\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u90e8\u7f72\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u90e8\u7f72\u5462\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u548c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u62f7\u8d1d\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n
    2<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u2514\u2500\u2500 main<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u8fd9\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u4f1amain\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n
    2<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    $ .<\/code>\/main<\/code><\/div>\n
    .<\/code>\/main<\/code>: error <\/code>while<\/code> loading shared libraries: libhello.so.0: cannot <\/code>open<\/code> shared object <\/code>file<\/code>: No such <\/code>file<\/code> or directory<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u62a5\u9519\u8bf4libhello.so.0\u6587\u4ef6\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5bfb\u627e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684SONAME\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7528ldd\u67e5\u770b\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7ldconfig -n .<\/code>\u5efa\u7acb\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n
    2<\/div>\n
    3<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0 -> libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u2514\u2500\u2500 main<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u518d\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u4f1a\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u4e86<\/p>\n

    \u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053libxxx.so\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7a0b\u5e8f\u672c\u8eab\u8bb0\u8f7d\u7684\u8be5\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684SONAME\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5main\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n

    \u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u66f4\u65b0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u5047\u8bbe\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n
    2<\/div>\n
    3<\/div>\n
    4<\/div>\n
    5<\/div>\n
    6<\/div>\n
    7<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    \/\/<\/code> filename:hello.c<\/code><\/div>\n
    #include <stdio.h><\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    void hello(const char* name)<\/code><\/div>\n
    {<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u00a0<\/code>printf<\/code>(<\/code>\"hello %s, welcom to our world!\\n\"<\/code>, name);<\/code><\/div>\n
    }<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u7531\u4e8e\u6539\u52a8\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u8bd1\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u65f6\u4ecd\u7136\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u7684soname<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    gcc hello.c -fPIC -shared -Wl,-soname,libhello.so.0 -o libhello.so.0.0.2<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u5c06\u65b0\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n
    2<\/div>\n
    3<\/div>\n
    4<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0 -> libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0.0.2<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u2514\u2500\u2500 main<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u6b64\u65f6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\uff0c\u4f46libhello.so.0\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u8001\u672c\u7248\uff0c\u8fd0\u884cldconfig -n .<\/code>\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u94fe\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u4e86\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n
    2<\/div>\n
    3<\/div>\n
    4<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0 -> libhello.so.0.0.2<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0.0.2<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u2514\u2500\u2500 main<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u518d\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n
    2<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    $ .<\/code>\/main<\/code><\/div>\n
    hello Handy, welcom to our world!<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\uff0c wonderful\uff01<\/p>\n

    \u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u6709\u5927\u7684\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u65b0\u7684soname\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    gcc hello.c -fPIC -shared -Wl,-soname,libhello.so.1 -o libhello.so.1.0.0<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u5c06\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884cldconfig -n .\u00a0<\/code>\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n
    \n
    1<\/div>\n
    2<\/div>\n
    3<\/div>\n
    4<\/div>\n
    5<\/div>\n
    6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0 -> libhello.so.0.0.2<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.0.0.2<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.1 -> libhello.so.1.0.0<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u251c\u2500\u2500 libhello.so.1.0.0<\/code><\/div>\n
    \u2514\u2500\u2500 main<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u94fe\u63a5libhello.so.1\uff0c\u800cmain\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd8\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684libhello.so.0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u7248\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u624d\u884c<\/p>\n

    \u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5206\u5f00\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u8981\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u6015\u88ab\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u7248\u672c\u641e\u6655\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6309\u5982\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u505a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u7f16\u8bd1\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a-Wl<\/code>,\u00a0-soname<\/code>\u00a0,libxxx.so.a<\/code>\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6esoname\u4e3alibxxx.so.a\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6libxxx.so.a.b.c\uff0c<\/li>\n
    2. \u7f16\u8bd1\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u4fdd\u8bc1libxx.so\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u8f6f\u94fe\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5411\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6libxxx.so.a.b.c<\/li>\n
    3. \u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u4fdd\u8bc1libxxx.so.a.b.c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7ldconfig\u751f\u6210libxxx.so.a\u94fe\u63a5\u6307\u5411libxxx.so.a.b.c<\/li>\n
    4. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfLD_LIBRARY_PATH\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u8005\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7591\u95ee\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7559\u8a00\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740   \u00a0\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a20<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[117],"class_list":["post-4869","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","tag-01-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4869","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4869"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4869\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4869"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4869"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4869"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}