{"id":5206,"date":"2021-05-06T16:23:01","date_gmt":"2021-05-06T08:23:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damogame.cn\/wordpress\/?p=5206"},"modified":"2021-05-06T16:23:01","modified_gmt":"2021-05-06T08:23:01","slug":"p2p%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/5206","title":{"rendered":"P2P\u901a\u4fe1\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0(C++)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

1.\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n

\u5f53\u4eca\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5230\u5904\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6(MIddleBoxes)\uff0c\u5982NAT\u548c\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e24\u4e2a(\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5185\u7f51)\u4e2d\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5230\u4e86IPV6\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981NAT\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5982\u9632\u706b\u5899\u963b\u6321\u4e86\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u4eca\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5927\u591a\u90fd\u662f\u5728C\/S\u67b6\u6784\u4e0a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u76f8\u5bf9\u9690\u533f\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u4e3b\u52a8\u5411\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef(\u62e5\u6709\u9759\u6001IP\u5730\u5740\u548cDNS\u540d\u79f0)\u53d1\u8d77\u94fe\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u5185\u7f51\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u5916\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u5916\u7f51\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u5185\u7f51\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7279\u6b8a\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684NAPT\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff08\u4e5f\u662f\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u5185\u7f51\u4e2d\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u516c\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7NAPT\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u4e00\u5185\u7f51\u7528\u6237\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u7f51IP\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5185\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u540e\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/p>\n

\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5982\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6765\u8bf4\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u5916\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u770b\u53cd\u800c\u8fd8\u5bf9\u9690\u79c1\u4fdd\u62a4\u6709\u597d\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u5728P2P\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\uff08Peer\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53d1\u8d77\u8005\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u516c\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u800c\u5916\u90e8\u5bf9NAT\u516c\u7f51IP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u6216\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u5185\u7f51\u672a\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u6389\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8de8\u8d8aNAT\u5b9e\u73b0\u5185\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2.\u672f\u8bed<\/h2>\n

\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff08Firewall\uff09\uff1a<\/h3>\n

\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3b\u8981\u9650\u5236\u5185\u7f51\u548c\u516c\u7f51\u7684\u901a\u8baf\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e22\u5f03\u672a\u7ecf\u8bb8\u53ef\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4f1a\u68c0\u6d4b(\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539)\u8bd5\u56fe\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u7f51\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548cTCP\/UDP\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u5668\uff08NAT\uff09\uff1a<\/h3>\n

NAT\u4e0d\u6b62\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u540c\u4e00\u5185\u7f51\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u5171\u7528\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u516c\u7f51IP\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u672cNAT\uff08Basic NAT\uff09\uff1a<\/h3>\n

\u57fa\u672cNAT\u4f1a\u5c06\u5185\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u7f51IP\uff0c\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5176TCP\/UDP\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u57fa\u672cNAT\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5f53NAT\u6709\u516c\u7f51IP\u6c60\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740-\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u6362\u5668\uff08NAPT\uff09\uff1a<\/h3>\n

\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5373\u4e3aNAPT\uff0c\u5176\u68c0\u6d4b\u5e76\u4fee\u6539\u51fa\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5141\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2a\u5185\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u540c\u65f6\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9525\u5f62NAT\uff08Cone NAT\uff09\uff1a<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u5bf9\uff08\u516c\u7f51IP\uff0c\u516c\u7f51\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u548c\uff08\u5185\u7f51IP\uff0c\u5185\u7f51\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u4e8c\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cCone NAT\u4f1a\u91cd\u7528\u8fd9\u7ec4\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8be5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff08\u540c\u4e00\u5185\u7f51IP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8fd8\u662f\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5bf9\u5916\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ece\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7aef\u70b9\uff0810.0.0.1:1234\uff09\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u7aefS1\u548cS2\u3002Cone NAT\u53ea\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6620\u5c04\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u7f51\u7aef\u70b9\uff08155.99.25.11:62000\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u201c\u8eab\u4efd\u201d\u5728\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u57fa\u672cNAT\u548c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u90fd\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u9000\u5316\u7684Cone NAT\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u79f0NAT\uff08Symmetric NAT\uff09<\/h3>\n

\u5bf9\u79f0NAT\u6b63\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u6240\u6709\u516c\u7f51-\u5185\u7f51\u5bf9\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u7ed1\u5b9a\u3002\u5176\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2dCone NAT\u6839\u636eNAT\u5982\u4f55\u63a5\u6536\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\uff08\u516c\u7f51IP\uff0c\u516c\u7f51\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u5bf9\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n

1) \u5168\u9525\u5f62NAT\uff08Full Cone NAT\uff09<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u516c\u7f51\/\u5185\u7f51\u7aef\u53e3\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5168\u9525\u5f62NAT\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4f1a\u63a5\u53d7\u5bf9\u5e94\u516c\u7f51\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u54ea\u4e2a\uff08\u516c\u7f51\uff09\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002\u5168\u9525NAT\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6df7\u6742\u201dNAT\uff08promiscuous NAT\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

2) \u53d7\u9650\u9525\u5f62NAT\uff08Restricted Cone NAT\uff09<\/h4>\n

\u53d7\u9650\u9525\u5f62NAT\u53ea\u4f1a\u8f6c\u53d1\u7b26\u5408\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\uff1a\u5916\u90e8\uff08\u6e90\uff09IP\u5730\u5740\u5339\u914d\u5185\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u524d\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u53d7\u9650NAT\u901a\u8fc7\u9650\u5236\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u201c\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u201d\u5916\u90e8IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7cbe\u7b80\u4e86\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

3) \u7aef\u53e3\u53d7\u9650\u9525\u5f62NAT\uff08Port-Restricted Cone NAT\uff09<\/h4>\n

\u7aef\u53e3\u53d7\u9650\u9525\u5f62NAT\u4e5f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u5f53\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u90fd\u5339\u914d\u5185\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u8fc7\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u65f6\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002\u7aef\u53e3\u53d7\u9650\u9525\u5f62NAT\u4e3a\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u70b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u548c\u5bf9\u79f0NAT\u76f8\u540c\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4ee5\u9694\u79bb\u672a\u5173\u8054\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3. P2P\u901a\u4fe1<\/h2>\n

\u6839\u636e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884cP2P\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7a7f\u8d8a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884cP2P\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n

3.1 \u4e2d\u7ee7\uff08Relaying\uff09<\/h3>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u53ef\u9760\u4f46\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u4f4e\u6548\u7684\u4e00\u79cdP2P\u901a\u4fe1\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5176\u539f\u7406\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u516c\u7f51IP\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5185\u7f51\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u7ee7\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefB\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5148\u90fd\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u7aefS\u5efa\u7acb\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u901a\u8fc7S\u548c\u5bf9\u65b9\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u901a\u8def\u6765\u4e2d\u7ee7\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u949f\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5f53\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d8\u591a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u4f53\u73b0\u51faP2P\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

3.2 \u9006\u5411\u94fe\u63a5\uff08Connection reversal\uff09<\/h3>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5f53\u4e24\u4e2a\u7aef\u70b9\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u6548\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u5728NAT\u4e4b\u540e\u800c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefB\u62e5\u6709\u5168\u5c40IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u5185\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u4e3a10.0.0.1\uff0c\u4e14\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528TCP\u7aef\u53e31234\u3002A\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668S\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a18.181.0.31\uff0c\u76d1\u542c1235\u7aef\u53e3\u3002NAT A\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u5206\u914d\u4e86TCP\u7aef\u53e362000\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u4e3aNAT\u7684\u516c\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740155.99.25.11\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u5bf9\u5916\u5f53\u524d\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u4e34\u65f6IP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64S\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u5c31\u662f155.99.25.11:62000\u3002\u800cB\u7531\u4e8e\u6709\u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bf9S\u6765\u8bf4B\u5c31\u662f138.76.29.7:1234\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefB\u60f3\u8981\u53d1\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u7684P2P\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u94fe\u63a5A\u7684\u5916\u7f51\u5730\u5740155.99.25.11:62000\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u94fe\u63a5A\u7684\u5185\u7f51\u5730\u574010.0.0.1:1234\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u94fe\u63a5\u90fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u94fe\u63a510.0.0.1:1234\u5931\u8d25\u81ea\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u94fe\u63a5155.99.25.11:62000\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u5462\uff1f\u6765\u81eaB\u7684TCP SYN\u63e1\u624b\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbeNAT A\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9NAT A\u6765\u8bf4\u53ea\u6709\u5916\u51fa\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u624d\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u76f4\u63a5\u94fe\u63a5A\u5931\u8d25\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cB\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7S\u5411A\u4e2d\u7ee7\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4eceA\u65b9\u5411\u201c\u9006\u5411\u201c\u5730\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77A-B\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f88\u591a\u5f53\u524d\u7684P2P\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u65b9\u6709\u516c\u7f51IP\u65f6\u94fe\u63a5\u624d\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u5728NAT\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u8981\u7528\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3 UDP\u6253\u6d1e\uff08UDP hole punching\uff09<\/h3>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cdP2P\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u201cP2P\u6253\u6d1e\u201c\u3002P2P\u6253\u6d1e\u6280\u672f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u901a\u5e38\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548ccone NAT\u5141\u8bb8\u6b63\u5f53\u7684P2P\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6253\u6d1e\u4e14\u4e0e\u5bf9\u65b9\u5efa\u7acb\u76f4\u63a5\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3b\u8981\u8003\u8651\u4e24\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53bb\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5730\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5373\u4e24\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5904\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684NAT\u4e4b\u540e\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aNAT\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f46\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u81ea\u5df1\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3.1. \u7aef\u70b9\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684NAT\u4e4b\u4e0b<\/h4>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefB\u7684\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u662f\u5185\u7f51\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684NAT\u540e\u9762\u3002A\u3001B\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684P2P\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668S\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86UDP\u7aef\u53e31234\uff0cA\u548cB\u5206\u522b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e86\u4e0eServer\u7684UDP\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u73b0\u5728\u5047\u8bbe\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u6253\u7b97\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefB\u76f4\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2aUDP\u901a\u4fe1\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u5982\u679cA\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9B\u7684\u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740138.76.29.7:31000\u53d1\u9001UDP\u6570\u636e\uff0cNAT B\u5c06\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u65e0\u89c6\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff08\u9664\u975e\u662fFull Cone NAT\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0eS\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u521d\u53ea\u4e0eS\u5efa\u7acb\u8fc7\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002B\u5f80A\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u4fe1\u606f\u4e5f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbeA\u5f00\u59cb\u7ed9B\u7684\u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001UDP\u6570\u636e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668S\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u7ee7\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8981\u6c42B\u5f00\u59cb\u7ed9A\u7684\u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001UDP\u4fe1\u606f\u3002A\u5f80B\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4NAT A\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2aA\u7684\u5185\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u4e0eB\u7684\u5916\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65b0\u901a\u8baf\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff0cB\u5f80A\u4ea6\u7136\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u65b0\u7684UDP\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u90fd\u6253\u5f00\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefB\u5c31\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8baf\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u987b\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5bfc\u670d\u52a1\u5668S\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

UDP\u6253\u6d1e\u6280\u672f\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684P2P\u94fe\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u80fd\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5f15\u5bfc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u201d\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u5176\u4ed6\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u540e\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u6d1e\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\u901a\u4fe1\u94fe\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3.2. \u7aef\u70b9\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684NAT\u4e4b\u4e0b<\/h4>\n

\u73b0\u5728\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u666f\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u548cB\u6b63\u597d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aNAT\u4e4b\u540e\uff08\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5e76\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u7f51\u7f51\u6bb5\u4e4b\u5185\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefA\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668S\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aUDP\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff0cNAT\u4e3a\u6b64\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u516c\u7f51\u7aef\u53e362000\uff0cB\u540c\u6837\u548cS\u5efa\u7acb\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff0c\u5206\u914d\u5230\u4e86\u7aef\u53e362001\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbeA\u548cB\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e0a\u8282\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684UDP\u6253\u6d1e\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5efa\u7acbP2P\u901a\u8def\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u9996\u5148A\u548cB\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u7531S\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u516c\u7f51IP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7ed9\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ea\u6709\u5728NAT\u5141\u8bb8\u5185\u7f51\u4e3b\u673a\u5bf9\u5185\u7f51\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u8d77UDP\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a”\u56de\u73af\u4f20\u8f93\u201c(lookback translation)\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u5185\u90e8\u5230\u8fbeNAT\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u88ab\u201c\u56de\u9001\u201d\u5230\u5185\u7f51\u4e2d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u5916\u7f51\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53A\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aUDP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7ed9B\u7684\u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6700\u521d\u6709\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u5730\u574010.0.0.1:1234\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740155.99.25.11:62001\uff0cNAT\u6536\u5230\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6e90155.99.25.11:62000\uff08A\u7684\u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740\uff09\u548c\u76ee\u768410.1.1.3:1234\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9B\u3002\u5373\u4fbfNAT\u652f\u6301\u56de\u73af\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u6362\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u5728\u6b64\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u662f\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0A\u4e0eB\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5ef6\u65f6\u548c\u52a0\u91cdNAT\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u5f88\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u3002\u5f53A\u548cB\u6700\u521d\u901a\u8fc7S\u4ea4\u6362\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u8eab\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff08\u4ece\u81ea\u5df1\u770b\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u770b\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u4ece\u5bf9\u65b9\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u4e92\u76f8\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u65b9\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aNAT\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u5bf9\u65b9\u5185\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5148\u5230\u8fbe\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u6761\u4e0d\u7ecf\u8fc7NAT\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u94fe\u8def\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684NAT\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5bf9\u65b9\u5185\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u5230\u8fbe\u4e0d\u4e86\u5bf9\u65b9\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u901a\u8def\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u540cNAT\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4A\u5f80B\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u5176\u4ed6A\u5185\u7f51\u7f51\u6bb5\u4e2d\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9\u4e0a\u53bb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3.3. \u56fa\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/h4>\n

UDP\u6253\u6d1e\u6280\u672f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53<\/strong>\u4e24\u4e2aNAT\u90fd\u662fCone NAT\uff08\u6216\u8005\u975eNAT\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff09\u65f6\u624d\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u7ef4\u6301\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\uff08\u5185\u7f51IP\uff0c\u5185\u7f51UDP\uff09\u4e8c\u5143\u7ec4\u548c\uff08\u516c\u7f51IP\uff0c \u516c\u7f51UDP\uff09\u4e8c\u5143\u7ec4\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8be5UDP\u7aef\u53e3\u8fd8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5982\u679c\u50cf\u5bf9\u79f0NAT\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b0\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u516c\u7f51\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4UDP\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8ddf\u5916\u90e8\u7aef\u70b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u901a\u4e86\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u94fe\u8def\u3002\u7531\u4e8eCone NAT\u662f\u5f53\u4eca\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0NAT\u662f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6253\u6d1e\u7684\uff0cUDP\u6253\u6d1e\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u8fd8\u662f\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7eb3\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h2>\n

\u5982\u679c\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d77\u6765\u5012\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u4e86 \u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u91c7\u7528C++\u7684\u5f02\u6b65IO\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f15\u5bfc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548cP2P\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6253\u901a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u94fe\u8def\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

4.1 \u5f15\u5bfc\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n

\u5f15\u5bfc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u516c\u7f51\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u63a5\u6536\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u6765\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u7528\u7aef\u53e3\u53f72333\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u6700\u597d\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acbTCP\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e86\u56fe\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ea\u91c7\u7528\u4e86UDP\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u76d1\u542c2333\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6709:<\/p>\n

login\uff0c \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668traker\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u4ed6peer\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5176\u53d1\u51fa\u94fe\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

logout\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u767b\u51fa\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5bf9peer\u9690\u85cf\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

list\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n

punch <client>\uff0c \u5bf9\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\uff08\u5e8f\u53f7\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n

help\uff0c \u67e5\u770b\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

4.2 P2P\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6bd4\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8981\u96be\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u8981\u5904\u7406\u6765\u81ea\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8eP2P\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6765\u8bf4\u66f4\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aP2P\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u6b62\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u7b49\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5927\u4f53\u601d\u8def\u662f\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u4f20\u8f93\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982A\u60f3\u8981\u4e0eB\u5efa\u7acb\u901a\u4fe1\u94fe\u8def\uff0c\u5148\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001punch\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ed9B\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u7ed9B\u53d1\u9001punch_requst\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53caA\u7684\u7aef\u70b9\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cB\u6536\u5230\u4e4b\u540e\u5411A\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u6253\u901a\u901a\u8def\uff0c\u7136\u540eA\u4e0eB\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884cP2P\u901a\u4fe1\u4e86\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u6253\u901a\u901a\u8def\u540e\u5373\u4fbf\u628a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5173\u95ed\uff0cA\u4e0eB\u4e5f\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2aUDP\u6253\u6d1e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u89c1 https:\/\/github.com\/pannzh\/P2P-Over-MiddleBoxes-Demo<\/p>\n

# 2018-04-06 \u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8eTCP\u6253\u6d1e\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aTCP\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u672a\u7ecf\u8fde\u63a5\u800c\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728recv\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ecepeer\u7aef\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002
\n\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u5bf9UDP\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5bf9UDP\u7684socket\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86connect\uff0c\u5176\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u8fde\u63a5\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8be6\u89c1`connect(2)`\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8fdb\u884cTCP\u6253\u6d1e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u7528\u672c\u5730\u7684endpoint\u6765\u53d1\u8d77\u65b0\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u5c06\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u7684NAT\u5229\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6esocket\u7684
\n`SO_REUSEADDR`\u6216`SO_REUSEPORT`\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5c3d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cTCP\u6253\u6d1e\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

– A \u53d1\u9001 SYN \u5230 B \uff08\u51fa\u53e3\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u521b\u5efaNAT A\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6620\u5c04
\n– B \u53d1\u9001 SYN \u5230 A\uff0c \u521b\u5efaNAT B\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6620\u5c04
\n– \u6839\u636e\u65f6\u5e8f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2aSYN\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u88ab\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684NAT\u4e22\u5f03\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u901a\u8fc7NAT
\n– \u901a\u8fc7NAT\u7684SYN\u62a5\u6587\u88ab\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u65b9\u6536\u5230\uff0c\u5373\u8fd4\u56deSYNACK\uff0c \u5b8c\u6210\u63e1\u624b
\n– \u81f3\u6b64\uff0cTCP\u7684\u6253\u6d1e\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u94fe\u63a5<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740 1.\u7b80\u4ecb \u5f53\u4eca\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5230\u5904\u5b58\u5728\u7740<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[119],"class_list":["post-5206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","tag-03-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5206"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5206\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}