{"id":5366,"date":"2021-07-07T23:05:26","date_gmt":"2021-07-07T15:05:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damogame.cn\/wordpress\/?p=5366"},"modified":"2021-07-19T16:44:12","modified_gmt":"2021-07-19T08:44:12","slug":"%e5%9b%9e%e6%ba%af%e7%ae%97%e6%b3%95%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e7%ba%a7%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3-%e7%bb%83%e4%b9%a0%ef%bc%88%e6%8c%81%e7%bb%ad%e6%9b%b4%e6%96%b0%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/5366","title":{"rendered":"\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u5165\u95e8\u7ea7\u8be6\u89e3 + \u7ec3\u4e60\uff08\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"css-aq7gwn-Container es0hbuf0\">\n<div class=\"css-1p32nvc-Row1 es0hbuf1\">\n<p class=\"css-18ck646-title-Title es0hbuf2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/permutations\/solution\/hui-su-suan-fa-python-dai-ma-java-dai-ma-by-liweiw\/\">\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1o4ejbc-Row2 es0hbuf3\">\n<div class=\"css-fndr66-UsernameContainer e123u7vb0\"><span class=\"css-x7m7pv-NameWrap e123u7vb1\">liweiwei1419<\/span><span class=\"e123u7vb3 css-fmw0cr-ReputationLevelContainer-StyledReputationLevel ekys2oz0\"><span class=\"css-1vu7cyl-Level ekys2oz1\">L6<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"css-1407w2u-PublishDate es0hbuf5\">\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u00a02019-06-20<\/span><span class=\"css-1o2blet-HitCount es0hbuf6\">221.1k<\/span><span class=\"es0hbuf7 css-1rsgpax-BasicTag-StyledTag e4dtce60\">\u7cbe\u9009<\/span><a class=\"es0hbuf7 css-1ad4xj5-BasicTag-StyledTag e4dtce60\" href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/tag\/depth-first-search\/\">\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22<\/a><a class=\"es0hbuf7 css-1ad4xj5-BasicTag-StyledTag e4dtce60\" href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/tag\/backtracking\/\">\u56de\u6eaf<\/a><a class=\"es0hbuf7 css-1ad4xj5-BasicTag-StyledTag e4dtce60\" href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/topic\/java\/\">Java<\/a><a class=\"es0hbuf7 css-1ad4xj5-BasicTag-StyledTag e4dtce60\" href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/topic\/python3\/\">Python3<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1jiyb8u-ContentContainer e1ak08xt0\">\n<div class=\"e1ak08xt1 css-jqi38w-StyledRenderedMarkdown\">\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u672c\u9898\u89e3\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5199\u7ed9\u5bf9\u00a0<strong>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong>\u00a0\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8f83\u964c\u751f\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5f97\u5f88\u8be6\u7ec6\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u770b\u9898\u89e3\u89c9\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u5197\u957f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u89c2\u770b\u6211\u6295\u7a3f\u7ed9\u300c\u529b\u6263\u300d\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/permutations\/solution\/quan-pai-lie-by-leetcode-solution-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5b98\u65b9\u9898\u89e3<\/a>\u00a0\u7684\u89c6\u9891\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u7cbe\u529b\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6ca1\u6cd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u8868\u8fbe\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u60f3\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u89c1\u8c05\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\uff082020 \u5e74 8 \u6708 31 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\/>\n<h2>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e2d\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u300d\u548c\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56de\u6eaf\u6cd5<\/strong>\u00a0\u91c7\u7528\u8bd5\u9519\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5b83\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5206\u6b65\u7684\u53bb\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u5206\u6b65\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5c1d\u8bd5\u53d1\u73b0\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5206\u6b65\u7b54\u6848\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u89e3\u7b54\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u53d6\u6d88\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4e0a\u51e0\u6b65\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5206\u6b65\u89e3\u7b54\u518d\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bfb\u627e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u56de\u6eaf\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u53cd\u590d\u91cd\u590d\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5206\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5\u540e\u5ba3\u544a\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u6ca1\u6709\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22<\/strong>\u00a0\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1aDepth-First-Search\uff0cDFS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u904d\u5386\u6216\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u6216\u56fe\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u00a0<strong>\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u6df1<\/strong>\u00a0\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002\u5f53\u7ed3\u70b9\u00a0<code>v<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u6240\u5728\u8fb9\u90fd\u5df1\u88ab\u63a2\u5bfb\u8fc7\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u5c06\u00a0<strong>\u56de\u6eaf<\/strong>\u00a0\u5230\u53d1\u73b0\u7ed3\u70b9\u00a0<code>v<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u90a3\u6761\u8fb9\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7ed3\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u8fdb\u884c\u5230\u5df2\u53d1\u73b0\u4ece\u6e90\u7ed3\u70b9\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u70b9\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u672a\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e90\u7ed3\u70b9\u5e76\u91cd\u590d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53cd\u590d\u8fdb\u884c\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u300d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u89c9\u5f97\u5f88\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e\u9700\u8981\u505a\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9006\u5411\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u5b9e\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u300d\u4e0e\u300c\u00a0<strong>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386<\/strong>\u00a0\u300d\u6709\u7740\u5343\u4e1d\u4e07\u7f15\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e2a\u4eba\u7406\u89e3<\/h2>\n<p>\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u300d\u4e0e\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u300d\u90fd\u6709\u300c\u4e0d\u649e\u5357\u5899\u4e0d\u56de\u5934\u300d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u662f\uff1a\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u300d\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u300d\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<strong>\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316<\/strong>\u00a0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5404\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u00a0<strong>\u56de\u9000<\/strong>\u00a0\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002\u800c\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u300d\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e00\u79cd\u904d\u5386\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u904d\u5386\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u300c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u300d\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u9898\u89e3\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u63d0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u300c\u529b\u6263\u300d\u7b2c 51 \u9898\u7684\u9898\u89e3\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/n-queens\/solution\/gen-ju-di-46-ti-quan-pai-lie-de-hui-su-suan-fa-si-\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u7b2c 46 \u9898 + \u526a\u679d\uff09<\/a>\u300b \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u641c\u7d22\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">4<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">4<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u300d\u662f\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u641c\u7d22\u4e0e\u904d\u5386<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u5929\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u641c\u7d22\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u300c\u641c\u7d22\u300d\u548c\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u641c\u7d22\u300d\u7b97\u6cd5\u91cc\u300c\u641c\u7d22\u300d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0<strong>\u904d\u5386<\/strong>\u00a0\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u591a\u6559\u7a0b\u628a\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u300d\u79f0\u4e3a\u7206\u641c\uff08\u66b4\u529b\u89e3\u6cd5\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u00a0<strong>\u641c\u7d22\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u89e3<\/strong>\u00a0\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h2>\n<h3>\u5171\u540c\u70b9<\/h3>\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u6c42\u89e3\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u51b3\u7b56\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u51b3\u7b56\u95ee\u9898\u5373\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6c42\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff08\u9636\u6bb5\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff08\u9636\u6bb5\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u4eec\u8bc4\u4f30\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u89e3\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u9002\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u641c\u7d22\u5f97\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff08\u5f53\u7136\u5305\u62ec\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u904d\u5386\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4ece\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u5f00\u59cb\u7406\u89e3\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u7eb8\u4e0a\u5199\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">3<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3001<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">4<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">4<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3001<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">5<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5168\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e0d\u96be\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5\u6570\u7ec4\u00a0<code>[1, 2, 3]<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u5168\u6392\u5217\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5148\u5199\u4ee5\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">1<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5168\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\uff1a<code>[1, 2, 3], [1, 3, 2]<\/code>\uff0c\u5373\u00a0<code>1<\/code>\u00a0+\u00a0<code>[2, 3]<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u5168\u6392\u5217\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<strong>\u9012\u5f52\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc<\/strong>\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u518d\u5199\u4ee5\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">2<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5168\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\uff1a<code>[2, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1]<\/code>\uff0c\u5373\u00a0<code>2<\/code>\u00a0+\u00a0<code>[1, 3]<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u5168\u6392\u5217\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6700\u540e\u5199\u4ee5\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">3<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5168\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\uff1a<code>[3, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1]<\/code>\uff0c\u5373\u00a0<code>3<\/code>\u00a0+\u00a0<code>[1, 2]<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u5168\u6392\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u679a\u4e3e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5728\u00a0<strong>\u5f53\u524d<\/strong>\u00a0\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u641c\u7d22\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u505a\u5230\u00a0<strong>\u4e0d\u91cd\u4e0d\u6f0f<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u5c1d\u8bd5\u81ea\u5df1\u753b\u51fa\u300c\u5168\u6392\u5217\u300d\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pic.leetcode-cn.com\/0bf18f9b86a2542d1f6aa8db6cc45475fce5aa329a07ca02a9357c2ead81eec1-image.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8bf4\u660e<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u4e86\u6c42\u89e3\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9636\u6bb5\u901a\u8fc7\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u300c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u503c\u300d\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u300c\u72b6\u6001\u300d\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u6709\u300c\u56de\u5934\u300d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u300c\u56de\u5934\u300d\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u00a0<strong>\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u4e3a\u548c\u5148\u524d\u4e00\u6837<\/strong>\u00a0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u64a4\u9500\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u300c\u72b6\u6001\u91cd\u7f6e\u300d\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u904d\u5386\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5f80\u4e0b\u8d70\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c<code>path<\/code>\u00a0\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u5c3e\u90e8\u8ffd\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u5f80\u56de\u8d70\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u64a4\u9500\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u5c3e\u90e8\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u00a0<code>path<\/code>\u00a0\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u901a\u8fc7\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u300d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5168\u5c40\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4efd\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u5168\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u00a0<strong>\u904d\u5386<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ece\u6811\u7684\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9\u5230\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u6392\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9996\u5148\u8fd9\u68f5\u6811\u9664\u4e86\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9\u548c\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<strong>\u9012\u5f52<\/strong>\u00a0\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\uff1a\u00a0<strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5df2\u7ecf\u9009\u591f\u4e86<\/strong>\u00a0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9012\u5f52\u5230\u7b2c\u51e0\u5c42\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u53eb\u505a\u00a0<code>depth<\/code>\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u00a0<code>index<\/code>\u00a0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u5168\u6392\u5217\u4e2d\u4e0b\u6807\u4e3a\u00a0<code>index<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6570\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5e03\u5c14\u6570\u7ec4\u00a0<code>used<\/code>\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u4e3a\u00a0<code>false<\/code>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u00a0<code>true<\/code>\u00a0\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u8003\u8651\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">O(1)<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">O<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5224\u65ad\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u300c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u300d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u300d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u8868\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u6c42\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6240\u5904\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u573a\u666f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5408\u9002\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003\u4ee3\u7801 1<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u9605\u8bfb\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-hhbtqi\">\n<ul class=\"css-6wg17u\">\n<li><label for=\"group-1-0\">Java<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label for=\"group-1-6\">Python<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><button class=\"md-btn-copy\" title=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><i><\/i><\/button><code><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> java.util.ArrayList;\r\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> java.util.List;\r\n\r\n\r\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-class\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">Solution<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">public<\/span> List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; permute(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span>[] nums) {\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> len = nums.length;\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\u4fdd\u5b58\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5168\u6392\u5217<\/span>\r\n        List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (len == <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>) {\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> res;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">boolean<\/span>[] used = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">boolean<\/span>[len];\r\n        List&lt;Integer&gt; path = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\r\n\r\n        dfs(nums, len, <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>, path, used, res);\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> res;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">dfs<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span>[] nums, <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> len, <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> depth,\r\n                     List&lt;Integer&gt; path, <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">boolean<\/span>[] used,\r\n                     List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res)<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (depth == len) {\r\n            res.add(path);\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span>;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ \u5728\u975e\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u5904\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u8fd8\u672a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6570\u4e2d\u4f9d\u6b21\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u5f97\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/span>\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> i = <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>; i &lt; len; i++) {\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (!used[i]) {\r\n                path.add(nums[i]);\r\n                used[i] = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">true<\/span>;\r\n\r\n                dfs(nums, len, depth + <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, path, used, res);\r\n                <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e24\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u53d1\u751f \u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u300d\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4ece \u6df1\u5c42\u7ed3\u70b9 \u56de\u5230 \u6d45\u5c42\u7ed3\u70b9 \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684<\/span>\r\n                used[i] = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">false<\/span>;\r\n                path.remove(path.size() - <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>);\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">main<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">(String[] args)<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span>[] nums = {<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>};\r\n        Solution solution = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> Solution();\r\n        List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; lists = solution.permute(nums);\r\n        System.out.println(lists);\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u00a0<code>main<\/code>\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u540e\u8f93\u51fa\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><button class=\"md-btn-copy\" title=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><i><\/i><\/button><code>[[], [], [], [], [], []]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u539f\u56e0\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\u8fd9\u91cc\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-hhbtqi\">\n<ul class=\"css-6wg17u\">\n<li><label for=\"group-2-0\">Java<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label for=\"group-2-6\">Python<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><button class=\"md-btn-copy\" title=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><i><\/i><\/button><code><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (depth == len) {\r\n    res.add(path);\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span>;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u53d8\u91cf\u00a0<code>path<\/code>\u00a0\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5217\u8868\u00a0<strong>\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4efd<\/strong>\u00a0\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7a7a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u662f\u00a0<strong>\u503c\u4f20\u9012<\/strong>\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u4f20\u53c2\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u7684\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5740\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u00a0<code>res<\/code>\u00a0\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">6<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">6<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u4e2a\u7a7a\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5728\u00a0<code>res.add(path);<\/code>\u00a0\u8fd9\u91cc\u505a\u4e00\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-hhbtqi\">\n<ul class=\"css-6wg17u\">\n<li><label for=\"group-3-0\">Java<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label for=\"group-3-6\">Python<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><button class=\"md-btn-copy\" title=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><i><\/i><\/button><code><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (depth == len) {\r\n    res.add(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> ArrayList&lt;&gt;(path));\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span>;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\u518d\u63d0\u4ea4\u5230\u300c\u529b\u6263\u300d\u4e0a\u5c31\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u8bf7\u89c1\u4e0b\u6587\u300c\u53c2\u8003\u4ee3\u7801 2\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\uff08\u521d\u5b66\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u6682\u65f6\u8df3\u8fc7\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u904d\u5386\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u590d\u6742\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u526a\u679d\u526a\u5f97\u597d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f1a\u964d\u5f97\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5206\u6790\u6700\u574f\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u89c6\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">O(N \\times N!)<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">O<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u975e\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\uff08\u6309\u7167\u5c42\u6570\u6765\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<p class=\"katex-block\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">1 + A_N^1 + A_N^2 + \\cdots + A_N^{N-1} = 1 + \\cfrac{N!}{(N &#8211; 1)!} + \\cfrac{N!}{(N &#8211; 2)!} + \\cdots + N!<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">A<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault mtight\">N<\/span><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">A<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault mtight\">N<\/span><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"minner\">\u22ef<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">A<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault mtight\">N<\/span><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault mtight\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin mtight\">\u2212<\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span>1<span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span>2<span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"minner\">\u22ef<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6839\u7ed3\u70b9\u4e3a\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">1<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5ffd\u7565\uff1b<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">A_N^1<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">A<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault mtight\">N<\/span><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u6392\u5217\u6570\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">A_n^m = \\cfrac{n!}{(n &#8211; m)!}<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">A<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault mtight\">n<\/span><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault mtight\">m<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">n<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">m<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">n<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7b2c 1 \u5c42\uff0c\u7ed3\u70b9\u4e2a\u6570\u4e3a\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">N<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u4e2a\u6570\u9009 1 \u4e2a\u7684\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u6545\u4e3a\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">A_N^1<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">A<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault mtight\">N<\/span><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7b2c 2 \u5c42\uff0c\u7ed3\u70b9\u4e2a\u6570\u4e3a\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">N<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u4e2a\u6570\u9009 2 \u4e2a\u7684\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u6545\u4e3a\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">A_N^2<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">A<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault mtight\">N<\/span><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"katex-block\"><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">\\cfrac{N!}{(N &#8211; 1)!} + \\cfrac{N!}{(N &#8211; 2)!} + \\cdots + N! = N! \\left( \\cfrac{1}{(N &#8211; 1)!} + \\cfrac{1}{(N &#8211; 2)!} + \\cdots + 1 \\right) \\le N! \\left( 1 + \\cfrac{1}{2} + \\cfrac{1}{4} + \\cdots + \\cfrac{1}{2^{N &#8211; 1}} \\right) &lt; 2N!<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span>1<span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span>2<span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"minner\">\u22ef<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"minner\"><span class=\"mopen delimcenter\"><span class=\"delimsizing size4\">(<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span>1<span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span>1<\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\"><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span>2<span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span>1<\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span>\u22ef<span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose delimcenter\"><span class=\"delimsizing size4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"minner\"><span class=\"mopen delimcenter\"><span class=\"delimsizing size4\">(<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\">21<\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\">41<\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span>\u22ef<span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\">2<span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault mtight\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin mtight\">\u2212<\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1<\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose delimcenter\"><span class=\"delimsizing size4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&lt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u5e38\u7cfb\u6570\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">2<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u89c6\u4e3a\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">1<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u70b9\u5faa\u73af\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">N<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u6b21\uff0c\u6545\u975e\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">O(N \\times N!)<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">O<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5c42\u5171\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">N!<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u4e2a\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u5904\u62f7\u8d1d\u9700\u8981\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">O(N)<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">O<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4e3a\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">O(N \\times N!)<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">O<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">O(N \\times N!)<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">O<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>\u9012\u5f52\u6811\u6df1\u5ea6\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">\\log N<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mop\">log<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5168\u6392\u5217\u4e2a\u6570\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">N!<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5168\u6392\u5217\u5360\u7a7a\u95f4\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">N<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u53d6\u8f83\u5927\u8005\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u7406\u89e3\u56de\u6eaf<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ece\u00a0<code>[1, 2, 3]<\/code>\u00a0\u5230\u00a0<code>[1, 3, 2]<\/code>\u00a0\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u00a0<code>[1, 2, 3]<\/code>\u00a0\u56de\u5230\u00a0<code>[1, 2]<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u64a4\u9500\u521a\u521a\u5df2\u7ecf\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6570\u00a0<code>3<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u00a0<code>3<\/code>\u00a0\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a0b\u5e8f\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u64a4\u9500\u5bf9\u00a0<code>2<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u597d\u8ba9\u540e\u9762\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u00a0<code>3<\/code>\u00a0\u4e86\u4ee5\u540e\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u9009\u62e9\u00a0<code>2<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u4ece\u8f83\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u8f83\u6d45\u5c42\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u505a\u300c\u72b6\u6001\u91cd\u7f6e\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u300c\u56de\u5230\u8fc7\u53bb\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6062\u590d\u73b0\u573a\u300d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6708\u5149\u5b9d\u76d2<\/h3>\n<p>\u53ea\u6709\u64a4\u9500\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u91cd\u7f6e\u73b0\u573a\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u56de\u5230\u00a0<strong>\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837<\/strong>\u00a0\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u518d\u5f00\u59cb\u65b0\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u624d\u4f1a\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u5927\u8bdd\u897f\u6e38\u300b\u91cc\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u8282\uff0c\u81f3\u5c0a\u5b9d\u8981\u5bf9\u7740\u300c\u6708\u5149\u5b9d\u76d2\u300d\u558a\u4e00\u58f0\u300c\u6ce2\u82e5\u83e0\u841d\u871c\u300d\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u5230\u56de\u53bb\uff08\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u4e8b\u7269\u90fd\u5f97\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u53eb\u300c\u56de\u5230\u8fc7\u53bb\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u624d\u80fd\u6551\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9053\u7406\u5176\u5b9e\u548c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u300c\u64a4\u9500\u9009\u62e9\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pic.leetcode-cn.com\/1598173544-FsXLpL-image.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u56de\u6eaf\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u300c\u56de\u5230\u8fc7\u53bb\u300d\uff0c<strong>\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u5230\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u901a\u8fc7\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\u89c2\u5bdf<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003\u4ee3\u7801 2<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-hhbtqi\">\n<ul class=\"css-6wg17u\">\n<li><label for=\"group-4-0\">Java<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><button class=\"md-btn-copy\" title=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><i><\/i><\/button><code><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> java.util.ArrayDeque;\r\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> java.util.ArrayList;\r\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> java.util.Deque;\r\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> java.util.List;\r\n\r\n\r\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-class\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">Solution<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">public<\/span> List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; permute(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span>[] nums) {\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> len = nums.length;\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\u4fdd\u5b58\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5168\u6392\u5217<\/span>\r\n        List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (len == <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>) {\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> res;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">boolean<\/span>[] used = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">boolean<\/span>[len];\r\n        Deque&lt;Integer&gt; path = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> ArrayDeque&lt;&gt;(len);\r\n\r\n        dfs(nums, len, <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>, path, used, res);\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> res;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">dfs<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span>[] nums, <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> len, <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> depth,\r\n                     Deque&lt;Integer&gt; path, <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">boolean<\/span>[] used,\r\n                     List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res)<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (depth == len) {\r\n            res.add(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> ArrayList&lt;&gt;(path));\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span>;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> i = <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>; i &lt; len; i++) {\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (!used[i]) {\r\n                path.addLast(nums[i]);\r\n                used[i] = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">true<\/span>;\r\n\r\n                System.out.println(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; \"<\/span> + path);\r\n                dfs(nums, len, depth + <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, path, used, res);\r\n\r\n                used[i] = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">false<\/span>;\r\n                path.removeLast();\r\n                System.out.println(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; \"<\/span> + path);\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">main<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">(String[] args)<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span>[] nums = {<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>};\r\n        Solution solution = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> Solution();\r\n        List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; lists = solution.permute(nums);\r\n        System.out.println(lists);\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><button class=\"md-btn-copy\" title=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><i><\/i><\/button><code>  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; []\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; []\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>]\r\n  \u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u524d =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; [<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>]\r\n\u9012\u5f52\u4e4b\u540e =&gt; []\r\n\u8f93\u51fa =&gt; [[<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>], [<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>], [<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>], [<span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>], [<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>], [<span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u51e0\u70b9\u8bf4\u660e\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u300d<\/h2>\n<h3>\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u90fd\u300c\u590d\u5236\u300d\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u56de\u6eaf<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0<strong>\u975e\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9<\/strong>\u00a0\u5206\u652f\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u90fd\u521b\u5efa\u00a0<strong>\u65b0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u300d\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u505a\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u5f88\u591a\u4e2d\u95f4\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2d\u95f4\u53d8\u91cf\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5199\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003\u4ee3\u7801 3<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-hhbtqi\">\n<ul class=\"css-6wg17u\">\n<li><label for=\"group-5-0\">Java<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label for=\"group-5-6\">Python<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><button class=\"md-btn-copy\" title=\"\u590d\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\"><i><\/i><\/button><code><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> java.util.ArrayList;\r\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> java.util.List;\r\n\r\n\r\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-class\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">Solution<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">public<\/span> List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; permute(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span>[] nums) {\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ \u9996\u5148\u662f\u7279\u5224<\/span>\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> len = nums.length;\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\u4fdd\u5b58\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5168\u6392\u5217<\/span>\r\n        List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\r\n\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (len == <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>) {\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> res;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">boolean<\/span>[] used = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">boolean<\/span>[len];\r\n        List&lt;Integer&gt; path = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\r\n\r\n        dfs(nums, len, <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>, path, used, res);\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> res;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">dfs<\/span><span class=\"hljs-params\">(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span>[] nums, <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> len, <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> depth,\r\n                     List&lt;Integer&gt; path, <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">boolean<\/span>[] used,\r\n                     List&lt;List&lt;Integer&gt;&gt; res)<\/span> <\/span>{\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (depth == len) {\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ 3\u3001\u4e0d\u7528\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u4f20\u9012\u4e0b\u6765\u7684 path \u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u65b0\u5efa\u7684<\/span>\r\n            res.add(path);\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span>;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">int<\/span> i = <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>; i &lt; len; i++) {\r\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (!used[i]) {\r\n                <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ 1\u3001\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u90fd\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\"\u72b6\u6001\"<\/span>\r\n                List&lt;Integer&gt; newPath = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> ArrayList&lt;&gt;(path);\r\n                newPath.add(nums[i]);\r\n\r\n                <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">boolean<\/span>[] newUsed = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">boolean<\/span>[len];\r\n                System.arraycopy(used, <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>, newUsed, <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>, len);\r\n                newUsed[i] = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">true<\/span>;\r\n\r\n                dfs(nums, len, depth + <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, newPath, newUsed, res);\r\n                <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ 2\u3001\u65e0\u9700\u56de\u6eaf<\/span>\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u91cc\u505a\u300c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u300d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u90fd\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6750\u6599\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6bcf\u505a\u5b8c\u4e00\u79cd\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u90fd\u628a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6750\u6599\u6062\u590d\u6210\u505a\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6837\u5b50\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6837\u7684<strong>\u65b0\u7684\u6750\u6599<\/strong>\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u6750\u6599\u6709\u7834\u574f\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u3002\u800c\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\uff0c\u300c\u6062\u590d\u73b0\u573a\u300d\u548c\u300c\u56de\u5230\u8fc7\u53bb\u300d\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u56de\u6eaf\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u62fc\u63a5\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u9488\u5bf9 Java \u548c Python \u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u8bed\u8a00\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<code>[1, 2, 3] + [4]<\/code>\u00a0\u4e5f\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u300c\u53c2\u8003\u4ee3\u7801 2\u300d\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u662f\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9996\u5148\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u904d\u5386\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9 BFS \u548c DFS \u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c<strong>\u4e0d\u540c\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5207\u6362\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613<\/strong>\u00a0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e0a\u9762\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7bad\u5934\u7684\u90a3\u5f20\u56fe\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e24\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u53ea\u6709\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">1<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u5904\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u56de\u9000\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5168\u5c40\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4efd\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u5b8c\u6210\u641c\u7d22\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u4ece\u6d45\u5c42\u8f6c\u5230\u6df1\u5c42\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5c31\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u65b0\u5efa\u53d8\u91cf\u53bb\u4fdd\u5b58\u5b83\uff0c\u4ece\u6027\u80fd\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e0d\u5212\u7b97\u7684\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u5c31\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7f16\u5199\u7ed3\u70b9\u7c7b\u3002\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c<strong>\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u80fd\u7528\u5230\u7684\u5f88\u5c11<\/strong>\u00a0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u6808\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6808\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u7528\u7f16\u5199\u7ed3\u70b9\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u624b\u52a8\u7f16\u5199\u6808\u5b8c\u6210\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4e0d\u56de\u6eaf\u53ef\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5<\/h3>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u641c\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e00\u822c\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u53bb\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">O(N)<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">O<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u5728\u5019\u9009\u6570\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u975e\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6d88\u8017\u5c31\u5f88\u4e25\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u672c\u9898\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5728\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u6267\u884c\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u662f\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">O(N)<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">O<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">N<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u8def\u5f84\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7ed3\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u00a0<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\">O(1)<\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord mathdefault\">O<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u904d\u5386\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u5206\u652f\u4e0d\u80fd\u641c\u7d22\u5230\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u524d\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u79f0\u4e3a\u00a0<strong>\u526a\u679d<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u526a\u679d<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5e94\u7528\u300c\u526a\u679d\u300d\u6280\u5de7\u8fbe\u5230\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u641c\u7d22\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u526a\u679d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u6d88\u8017\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u80fd\u591f\u526a\u679d\u8282\u7ea6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u591a\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u526a\u679d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u95ee\u9898\u573a\u666f\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u526a\u679d\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u505a\u9898\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u603b\u7ed3\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\u672c\u8eab\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5c31\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u505a\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u00a0<strong>\u5148\u753b\u6811\u5f62\u56fe<\/strong>\u00a0\uff0c\u753b\u56fe\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u6e05\u695a\u9012\u5f52\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u60f3\u6e05\u695a\u5982\u4f55\u526a\u679d\u3002\u62ff\u9898\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u60f3\u4e00\u60f3\u4eba\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u68f5\u9012\u5f52\u6811\u90fd\u4e0d\u96be\u753b\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u753b\u56fe\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u601d\u8003\u6e05\u695a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5206\u652f\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u9898\u76ee\u9700\u8981\u7684\u89e3\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f\u662f\u5728\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u3001\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u975e\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u3001\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u4ece\u8ddf\u7ed3\u70b9\u5230\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u54ea\u4e9b\u641c\u7d22\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u89e3\u7684\uff1f\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u590d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6d45\u5c42\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u63d0\u524d\u526a\u679d\uff0c\u526a\u679d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u600e\u4e48\u5199\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u7ec3\u4e60<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6211\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u300d\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5927\u5bb6\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u300d\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u9898\u578b\u4e00\uff1a\u6392\u5217\u3001\u7ec4\u5408\u3001\u5b50\u96c6\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<p>\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7ec3\u4e60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u719f\u6089\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u901a\u7528\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u601d\u8def\u3002\u89e3\u9898\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\uff1a\u5148\u753b\u56fe\uff0c\u518d\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u53bb\u601d\u8003\u53ef\u4ee5\u526a\u679d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u00a0<strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7528\u00a0<code>used<\/code>\u00a0\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8bbe\u7f6e\u641c\u7d22\u8d77\u70b9\u00a0<code>begin<\/code>\u00a0\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/permutations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">46. \u5168\u6392\u5217\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/permutations-ii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">47. \u5168\u6392\u5217 II\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a>\uff1a\u601d\u8003\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5224\u65ad\u8fd9\u4e00\u652f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u590d\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/combination-sum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">39. \u7ec4\u5408\u603b\u548c\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/combination-sum-ii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">40. \u7ec4\u5408\u603b\u548c II\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/combinations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">77. \u7ec4\u5408\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/subsets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">78. \u5b50\u96c6\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/subsets-ii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">90. \u5b50\u96c6 II\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a>\uff1a\u526a\u679d\u6280\u5de7\u540c 47 \u9898\u300139 \u9898\u300140 \u9898\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/permutation-sequence\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">60. \u7b2c k \u4e2a\u6392\u5217\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a>\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u526a\u679d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u51cf\u53bb\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u679d\u53f6\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6765\u5230\u9700\u8981\u7684\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/restore-ip-addresses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">93. \u590d\u539f IP \u5730\u5740\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u9898\u578b\u4e8c\uff1aFlood Fill<\/h3>\n<p>\u63d0\u793a\uff1aFlood \u662f\u300c\u6d2a\u6c34\u300d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0cFlood Fill \u76f4\u8bd1\u662f\u300c\u6cdb\u6d2a\u586b\u5145\u300d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u6d2a\u6c34\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u4e00\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u586b\u6ee1\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5730\u52bf\u4f4e\u7684\u533a\u57df\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8fd8\u6709\uff1aPS \u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u70b9\u4e00\u4e0b\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u7247\u533a\u57df\u7684\u989c\u8272\u90fd\u66ff\u6362\u6389\u300d\uff0c\u626b\u96f7\u6e38\u620f\u300c\u70b9\u4e00\u4e0b\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u5927\u7247\u6ca1\u6709\u96f7\u7684\u533a\u57df\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u4e0d\u96be\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u521d\u5b66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4ee3\u7801\u5f88\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u5199\u5bf9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e5f\u5f88\u96be\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u591a\u5199\u51e0\u904d\uff0c\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86\u5c31\u518d\u5199\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08\u8bbe\u7f6e\u00a0<code>visited<\/code>\u00a0\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b9\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u62bd\u53d6\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\uff0c\u628a\u4ee3\u7801\u5199\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/flood-fill\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">733. \u56fe\u50cf\u6e32\u67d3\uff08Flood Fill\uff0c\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/number-of-islands\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">200. \u5c9b\u5c7f\u6570\u91cf\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/surrounded-regions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">130. \u88ab\u56f4\u7ed5\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/word-search\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">79. \u5355\u8bcd\u641c\u7d22\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4fee\u6539\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u00a0<code>visited<\/code>\u00a0\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u53c2\u6570\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9762\u8bd5\u4e2d\u62ff\u4e0d\u51c6\u7684\u8bb0\u5f97\u95ee\u4e00\u4e0b\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98<\/p>\n<h3>\u9898\u578b\u4e09\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<p>\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u62fc\u63a5\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u793a\u300c\u56de\u6eaf\u300d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code>StringBuilder<\/code>\u00a0\u62fc\u63a5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5c31\u53e6\u5f53\u522b\u8bba\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u5355\u72ec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9898\u578b\uff0c\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/letter-combinations-of-a-phone-number\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">17. \u7535\u8bdd\u53f7\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u7ec4\u5408\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a>\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/letter-combinations-of-a-phone-number\/solution\/hui-su-sou-suo-wu-xian-shi-hui-su-yan-du-you-xian-\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u9898\u89e3<\/a>\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/letter-case-permutation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">784. \u5b57\u6bcd\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u5168\u6392\u5217\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a>\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/generate-parentheses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">22. \u62ec\u53f7\u751f\u6210\uff08\u4e2d\u7b49\uff09<\/a>\u00a0\uff1a\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u4e5f\u5f88\u597d\u5199\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u90fd\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u6765\u5199\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u9898\u578b\u56db\uff1a\u6e38\u620f\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<p>\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6559\u7a0b\u628a\u56de\u6eaf\u53eb\u505a\u66b4\u529b\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u4f46\u56de\u6eaf\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u56de\u6eaf\u662f\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u5730\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u300c\u529b\u6263\u300d\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/n-queens\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">51. N \u7687\u540e\uff08\u56f0\u96be\uff09<\/a>\uff1a\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5168\u6392\u5217\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6e05\u695a\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u904d\u5386\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/sudoku-solver\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">37. \u89e3\u6570\u72ec\uff08\u56f0\u96be\uff09<\/a>\uff1a\u601d\u8def\u540c\u300cN \u7687\u540e\u95ee\u9898\u300d\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/zuma-game\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">488. \u7956\u739b\u6e38\u620f\uff08\u56f0\u96be\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/problems\/minesweeper\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">529. \u626b\u96f7\u6e38\u620f\uff08\u56f0\u96be\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uff08\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u8865\u5145\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<h2>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>liuyubobobo \u8001\u5e08\u5728\u6155\u8bfe\u7f51\u4e0a\u5f00\u8bbe\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u300a\u73a9\u8f6c\u7b97\u6cd5\u9762\u8bd5\u300b<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/liuyubobobo\/Play-with-Algorithm-Interview\/blob\/master\/08-Recurion-and-Backstracking\/Course%20Code%20(Java)\/03-Permutations\/src\/Solution.java\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93<\/a>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u4e0d\u597d\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u6211\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u300c\u529b\u6263\u300d\u4e0a\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 LeetBook\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/leetbook\/detail\/learning-algorithms-with-leetcode\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u300c\u529b\u6263\u300d\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/a>\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u9762\u5411\u00a0<strong>\u8f6c\u884c<\/strong>\u00a0\u3001<strong>\u96f6\u57fa\u7840<\/strong>\u00a0\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u8bb2\u89e3\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\uff082020.08.23\uff09<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8bf4\u660e<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8be5 LeetBook \u7684\u524d\u4e24\u7ae0\uff08\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/leetbook\/read\/learning-algorithms-with-leetcode\/553v4h\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/leetcode-cn.com\/leetbook\/read\/learning-algorithms-with-leetcode\/xsq0b7\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e<\/a>\uff09\u662f\u514d\u8d39\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u00a0<strong>\u9700\u8981\u4ed8\u8d39<\/strong>\u00a0\u89c2\u770b\uff0c<strong>\u4e2d\u3001\u9ad8\u9636\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u8c28\u614e\u8d2d\u4e70<\/strong>\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ad9\u5185\u6216\u8005\u662f\u6211\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u4ea4\u8d26\u53f7\u5411\u6211\u54a8\u8be2\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5426\u8d2d\u4e70\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u4f1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u56de\u7b54\u6211\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u80fd\u529b\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5185\uff09\u3002\u611f\u8c22\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e00\u5982\u65e2\u5f80\u5bf9\u6211\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u6709\u5efa\u8bae\u548c\u610f\u89c1\u4e5f\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u4e0e\u6211\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740 &nbsp; liweiwei<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[120],"class_list":["post-5366","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","tag-04-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5366","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5366"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5366\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5366"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5366"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5366"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}