{"id":7203,"date":"2023-12-29T15:07:20","date_gmt":"2023-12-29T07:07:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/i007.vip:15443\/wordpress\/?p=7203"},"modified":"2023-12-29T15:07:20","modified_gmt":"2023-12-29T07:07:20","slug":"%e4%bd%a0%e7%9c%9f%e7%9a%84%e6%87%82%e6%8a%93%e5%8c%85%e5%90%97%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/7203","title":{"rendered":"\u4f60\u771f\u7684\u61c2\u201c\u6293\u5305\u201d\u5417\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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cc from<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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0x01 \u524d\u8a00<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u5728\u5e73\u65f6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5927\u4f6c\u4ea4\u6d41\u65f6\uff0c\u603b\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e9b\u8bdd\uff0c\u201c\u6293\u4e2a\u5305\u770b\u770b\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u6293\u6d41\u91cf\u554a\uff0cpayload\u90fd\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u8fd9<\/strong>\u6570\u636e\u6d41<\/strong><\/span>\u600e\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e48\u5947\u602a\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5417\uff1fpacket,frame,flow,session\u533a\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4f60\u771f\u7684\u5206\u7684\u6e05\u695a\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5e73\u65f6\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd\u968f\u4fbf\u7528\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u4e5f\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u6307\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u5206\u6790\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6d45\u8584\uff0c\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u5206\u6e05\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u770b\u56fd\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u6587\u6863\u4e0d\u660e\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u67e5\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5199\u51fa\u4e86\u672c\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n

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0x02 \u533a\u5206control plane\u548cdata plane<\/strong><\/h3>\n
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control plane, data plane\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002data plane\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u800ccontrol plane\u662f\u4e3a\u5feb\u901f\u8f6c\u53d1\u51c6\u5907\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002control plane\u5305\u62ec\u8def\u7531<\/span>\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff0cARP\uff0cIGMP\u7b49\uff1b\u800cdata plane\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u8f6c\u53d1\u5305\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u628a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u6b21\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u5206\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5904\u7406\u76f8\u4e92\u5e72\u6270\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u8f6c\u53d1\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u800c\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u653e\u5230\u6b21\u4e00\u7ea7\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u91cc\u9762\u3002data plane\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9asic\u6216\u8005NP\u7b49\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u800ccontrol plane\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n

control plane\u7684os\u548cdata plane\u7684os\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u3002data plane\u7684os\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65f6\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u5feb\u901f\uff0c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/span>\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\uff1b\u800ccontrol plane\u7684os\u5219\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u66f4\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5feb\u901f\u79fb\u690d\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u653e\u5230control plane\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u653e\u5230data plane\uff0c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u53bb\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u7531\u4e8earp\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5e94\u7b54\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u800cmac learning\u5219\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u751f\u6548\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5arp\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5e94\u7b54\u4e00\u822c\u653e\u5728control plane\uff1b\u800cmac learning\u5219\u653e\u5728data plane\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c31data plane\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u5206control path\u548cdata path\u3002control path\u540c\u6837\u662f\u4e3adata path\u51c6\u5907\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u907f\u514dcontrol plane\u548cdata plane\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u628acontrol plane\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u62ff\u5230data plane\u4e0a\u6765\u505a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982ICMP<\/span>\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

0x03 \u533a\u5206session\u548cflow<\/strong><\/h3>\n
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flow\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u7684data plane stream\uff0c\u5176\u5171\u4eab\u5173\u952eIP\u62a5\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c10.1.1.1\u7aef\u53e312398\u5904\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u7528\u4e8eSSH\u7684192.168.1.1\u7aef\u53e322\u5904\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u901a\u4fe1\u662fspecific stream\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u66f4\u6539\u65f6\u6355\u83b7\u8be5\u7279\u5b9astream\u3002<\/p>\n

session\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684control plane\u901a\u4fe1\u3002TCP 3\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u521b\u5efa\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7684\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4fa6\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002TCP\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5e8f\u5217\u548c\u786e\u8ba4\u503c\u4ee5\u53cakeepalive\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6784\u5efasession\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u534f\u5546\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\uff0cflow\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86data plane,\u800csession\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86control plane\u3002<\/p>\n

0x04 \u533a\u5206datagram\u548cstream<\/strong><\/h3>\n
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stream\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u6e20\u9053\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u9012 \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528stream\u3002 Strean\u5c31\u50cf\u7ba1\u9053\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7aef\u70b9\u3002\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4e00\u7aef\u653e\u5165\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u4e22\u5f03\u6216\u91cd\u7ec4\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u6d41\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5f62\u6210\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

datagram\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3apacket\uff09\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u66f4\u5177\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8981\u6c42\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u5728256\u52302000\u5b57\u8282\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff09\u3002datagram\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u5305\u542b\u7684,\u6709\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aconnection\u3002\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u6216\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f88\u96be\u7406\u89e3\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6253\u4e2a\u6bd4\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

stream\u5c31\u50cf\u6253\u7535\u8bdd- \u4e00\u65b9\u62e8\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u63a5\u542c\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u4e92\u76f8\u6253\u62db\u547c\uff08TCP\u4e2d\u7684SYN \/ ACK\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ea4\u6362\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u8bf4\u518d\u89c1\uff08TCP\u4e2d\u7684FIN \/ ACK\uff09\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4e00\u65b9\u6ca1\u6709\u542c\u5230\u518d\u89c1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6; \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u901a\u5e38\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c06\u91cd\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5230\u8fbe\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u635f\u574f\u3002<\/p>\n

datagram\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u73ed\u7ea7\u91cc\u4f20\u5c0f\u7eb8\u6761\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u548c\u60f3\u8981\u62ff\u5230\u5c0f\u7eb8\u6761\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u5750\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7eb8\u6761\u5c06\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u53bb\u3002\u5c0f\u7eb8\u6761\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u65f6\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u4e24\u6b3e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7eb8\u6761\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7eb8\u6761\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5230\u8fbe\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c0f\u7eb8\u6761\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u6559\u5ba4\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u90a3\u6837\u5feb\u901f\u4f20\u9012\u5c0f\u7eb8\u6761\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5c0f\u7eb8\u6761\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528stream\uff0c\u4f46\u6240\u6709Internet\u4f20\u8f93\u90fd\u91c7\u7528datagram\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u901a\u8fc7TCP\u534f\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528datagram\u6765\u6a21\u62dfInternet stream\u3002\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bca\u65ad\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf8\u5982TCPdump\u8fd9\u7c7bpacket decoder\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5404\u4e2apacket\u3002<\/p>\n

0x05 \u533a\u522bPacket\u548cframe<\/strong><\/h3>\n
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<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06frame\u548cpacket\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u5c06\u8981\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4fe1\u5c01\u3002 frame\u548cpacket\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u952e\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5c01\u88c5\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u54ea\u513f\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u6709\u8de8\u90e8\u95e8\u90ae\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6587\u6863\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5176\u672c\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u5185\u5bb9\u653e\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u4fe1\u5c01\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u5728\u201c\u53d1\u4ef6\u4eba\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u5199\u4e0b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u201c\u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u5199\u4e0b\u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u90e8\u95e8\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u5c01\u65f6\uff0c\u90ae\u4ef6\u5ba4\u8bc6\u522b\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u5c01\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u76ee\u5f55\u5c06\u8be5\u4fe1\u606f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff09\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u3002\u4fe1\u5c01\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u79bb\u5f00\u672c\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4fe1\u5c01\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f20\u9012\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u7531\u672c\u5730\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90e8\u95e8\u95f4\u4fe1\u5c01\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u516c\u53f8\u5916\u90e8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u5c01\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u90ae\u5bc4\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8981\u5c06\u5185\u5bb9\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u672c\u5730\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u95f4\u4fe1\u5c01\u653e\u5728\u90ae\u653f\u4fe1\u5c01\u5185\uff0c\u5e76\u8d34\u4e0a\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u90ae\u653f\u5730\u5740\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n

Frame\u4ee5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u5b83\u662f\u5177\u6709\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5bb9\u5668<\/a>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u79f0\u4e3apayload\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002Frame\u7684\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u662f\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\uff0cIP\u7535\u8bdd\uff0c\u7269\u8054\u7f51<\/span>\u8bbe\u5907\u7b49\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u552f\u4e00\u7684ID\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n

frame\u7531\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907\u5728TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u7b2c2\u5c42\u751f\u6210\uff0cpayload\u5927\u5c0f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002frame\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u6839\u636e\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u4e2d\u7684MAC\u8868\u68c0\u67e5frame\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002MAC\u8868\u544a\u8bc9\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u54ea\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u7aef\u53e3(RJ45\u7aef\u53e3)\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u5e27\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5c06frame\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u7531MAC\u8868\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7535\u7f06\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7535\u7f06\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u53f0\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5c06\u91cd\u590d\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230frame\u5230\u8fbe\u9884\u671f\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u53d1\u751f\u5728LAN\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c2\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a\u3002\u4e0e\u90e8\u95e8\u95f4\u90ae\u4ef6\u4e00\u6837\uff0cframe\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u672c\u5730\/\u4e13\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u5916\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8981\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728packet\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aframe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f88\u50cf\u90e8\u95e8\u95f4\u4fe1\u5c01\u9700\u8981\u653e\u5728\u90ae\u653f\u4fe1\u5c01\u5185\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0cEthernet frame\u7528\u9644\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aIPpacket\u3002<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u662f\u552f\u4e00\uff0c\u6c38\u4e45\u7684\uff0c\u4f46IP\u5730\u5740\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4e34\u65f6\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5e76\u968f\u7740\u8bbe\u5907\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\uff0c\u5176IP\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002packet\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7b2c3\u5c42\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u540c\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea4\u6362\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8def\u7531\u5668<\/span>\u3002\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5c06\u5c0f\u578b\u7f51\u7edc\u4e92\u8fde\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\u800c\u4e0d\u662fMAC\u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c3\u5c42packet\u5141\u8bb8\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u8bc6\u7f51\u7edc\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u5730\u5740\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f51\u7edc\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93(\u4e92\u8054\u7f51)\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u8fdb\u5165\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5185(\u5c40\u57df\u7f51)\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u53d1\u7531\u4e8c\u5c42\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5b83\u8bfb\u53d6frame\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u63d0\u53d6payload\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

0x06 \u533a\u5206packet capture\u548cflow capture(\u6293\u5305\u548c\u6293\u6d41\u91cf)<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

Packet capture\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\u62ff\u5230\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u800cflow data\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6458\u8981\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u51fa\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6545\u969c\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

Flow capture:\u5728OSI\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7b2c3\u5c42\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u8def\u7531\u5668\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u90fd\u5177\u6709flow\u5bfc\u51fa\u9009\u9879\u3002\u6709\u8bb8\u591aflow\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5305\u62ecNetFlow\uff0csFlow\u548cIPFIX\u3002 \u53ea\u9700\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2aflow\u8fde\u63a5\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4efb\u4f55flow\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u57fa\u4e8eflow\u7684\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u627e\u51fa\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

1.\u6613\u4e8e\u5728\u7b2c3\u5c42\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b 2.\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5e03\u7ebf\uff1b\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6216\u4ee3\u7406\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

1.\u67d0\u4e9b\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709flow\u9009\u9879\uff1b 2.\u60f3\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u7f3a\u5c11\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b 3.\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f9d\u8d56\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u8bae\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u8fb9\u7f18\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Packet capture: \u6293\u5305\u80fd\u591f\u6355\u83b7\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u955c\u50cf\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u5305\u68c0\u6d4b(DPI)\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u955c\u50cf\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u67d0\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

1.\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5206\u6790\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u76d1\u63a7\u91cd\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684Internet\u8fde\u63a5\uff1b 2.\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7f51\u7ad9\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1b 3.\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6216\u4ee3\u7406\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

1.\u9700\u8981\u5728\u955c\u50cf\u7aef\u53e3\u548cDPI\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fde\u63a5\u7269\u7406\u7ebf\u8def\uff1b 2.\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u955c\u50cf\u7aef\u53e3\u5728\u7e41\u5fd9\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fc7\u8f7d\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5728\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u533a\u522b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5e94\u8be5\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u786e\u533a\u522b\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u6280\u672f\uff1f\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684WAN\u94fe\u63a5\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\uff0c\u6293\u6d41\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u800c\u6293\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e9b\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u68c0\u6d4b\u8bf8\u5982\u5e26\u5bbd\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u67e5\u770b\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

0x07 \u7ed3\u8bed<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u9700\u8981\u533a\u5206\u7684\u70b9\u90fd\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u5f15\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4ececontrol plane,data plane\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u533a\u52060x03 flow\u548csession\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u57280x03\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u4e86stream\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u57280x04\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bbastream\u548cdatagram\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u57280x04\u6700\u540e\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u7801\u5206\u6790packet\u7684tcpdump\uff0c\u5f15\u51fa\u4e86packet\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u57280x05\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bbapacket\u548cframe\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u53bb\u90fd\u660e\u786e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u6293\u5305\uff08packet capture\uff09\u548c\u6293\u6d41\u91cf\uff08flow capture\uff09\u7684\u533a\u522b\u53ca\u5404\u81ea\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u505a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u5e94\u8be5\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u7a0b\u51fa\u8eab\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u6587\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u53c2\u8003\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5404\u4f4d\u5e08\u5085\u80fd\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc1180<\/p>\n

2.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc793<\/p>\n

3.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc894<\/p>\n

4.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc895<\/p>\n

5.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc826<\/p>\n

6.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc768<\/p>\n

7.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc7329<\/p>\n

8.https:\/\/www.ietf.org\/rfc\/rfc3261.txt<\/p>\n

9.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc7011<\/p>\n

10.https:\/\/www.ietf.org\/rfc\/rfc3954.txt<\/p>\n

11.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc5741<\/p>\n

12.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc7841<\/p>\n

13.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc791<\/p>\n

14.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc5474<\/p>\n

15.https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc2427<\/p>\n

16.https:\/\/www.freesoft.org\/CIE\/Course\/Section3\/5.htm<\/p>\n

17.https:\/\/www.computerworld.com\/<\/p>\n

18.https:\/\/www.networkworld.com\/<\/p>\n

19.https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/4688855<\/p>\n

20.https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/uptownBoy\/articles\/1767550.html<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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