{"id":7419,"date":"2026-07-22T11:48:18","date_gmt":"2026-07-22T03:48:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/?p=7419"},"modified":"2026-07-22T11:48:18","modified_gmt":"2026-07-22T03:48:18","slug":"c%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e7%89%b9%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/7419","title":{"rendered":"C++\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6211\u6765\u6559\u4f60C++\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027\uff01\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\ud83d\udd37 \u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n

\u503c\u7c7b\u578b vs \u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
cpp<\/div>\n
\n
int a = 10;\r\nint& ref = a;      \/\/ \u5f15\u7528\uff1aref \u548c a \u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\r\nint* ptr = &a;     \/\/ \u6307\u9488\uff1aptr \u5b58\u50a8 a \u7684\u5730\u5740\r\n\r\nref = 20;          \/\/ a \u53d8\u4e3a 20\r\n*ptr = 30;         \/\/ a \u53d8\u4e3a 30<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u6808 vs \u5806<\/h4>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
cpp<\/div>\n
\n
int x = 5;             \/\/ \u6808\u4e0a\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\r\nint* p = new int(5);   \/\/ \u5806\u4e0a\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\r\ndelete p;              \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u5806\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\ud83d\udd37 \u4e8c\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08OOP\uff09<\/h3>\n
\u7c7b\u4e0e\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
cpp<\/div>\n
\n
class Animal {\r\nprivate:\r\n    std::string name;\r\n    int age;\r\n\r\npublic:\r\n    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\uff09\r\n    Animal(std::string n, int a) : name(n), age(a) {}\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\r\n    void speak() const {\r\n        std::cout << name << \" says hello!\" << std::endl;\r\n    }\r\n};<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u7ee7\u627f\u4e0e\u591a\u6001<\/h4>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
cpp<\/div>\n
\n
class Dog : public Animal {\r\npublic:\r\n    Dog(std::string n) : Animal(n, 0) {}\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u91cd\u5199\u865a\u51fd\u6570\r\n    void speak() const override {\r\n        std::cout << \"Woof!\" << std::endl;\r\n    }\r\n};\r\n\r\nAnimal* a = new Dog(\"Rex\");\r\na->speak();   \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa \"Woof!\" \u2014\u2014 \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u591a\u6001<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\ud83d\udd37 \u4e09\u3001\u73b0\u4ee3C++\u6838\u5fc3\uff08C++11\/14\/17\uff09<\/h3>\n
\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\uff08\u53d6\u4ee3\u88f8\u6307\u9488\uff09<\/h4>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
cpp<\/div>\n
\n
#include <memory>\r\n\r\n\/\/ unique_ptr\uff1a\u72ec\u5360\u6240\u6709\u6743\r\nauto p1 = std::make_unique<int>(42);\r\n\r\n\/\/ shared_ptr\uff1a\u5171\u4eab\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\r\nauto p2 = std::make_shared<std::string>(\"hello\");\r\nauto p3 = p2;   \/\/ \u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570 +1\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u5bf9\u8c61<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u73b0\u4ee3C++\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u5e94\u624b\u52a8 new\/delete<\/code><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
\u79fb\u52a8\u8bed\u4e49\uff08\u6027\u80fd\u5173\u952e\uff09<\/h4>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
cpp<\/div>\n
\n
std::vector<int> a = {1, 2, 3};\r\nstd::vector<int> b = std::move(a);  \/\/ \"\u79fb\u52a8\"\u800c\u975e\u590d\u5236\r\n\/\/ \u6b64\u65f6 a \u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0cb \u62e5\u6709\u6570\u636e \u2014\u2014 \u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u9ad8\u6548\uff01<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h4>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
cpp<\/div>\n
\n
auto add = [](int x, int y) { return x + y; };\r\nstd::cout << add(3, 4);  \/\/ 7\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u6355\u83b7\u5916\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\r\nint offset = 10;\r\nauto addOffset = [offset](int x) { return x + offset; };<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
auto \u4e0e\u7c7b\u578b\u63a8\u5bfc<\/h4>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
cpp<\/div>\n
\n
auto x = 3.14;                    \/\/ double\r\nauto v = std::vector<int>{1,2,3}; \/\/ vector<int>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u8303\u56f4for\u5faa\u73af\r\nfor (const auto& item : v) {\r\n    std::cout << item << \" \";\r\n}<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\ud83d\udd37 \u56db\u3001\u6a21\u677f\uff08\u6cdb\u578b\u7f16\u7a0b\uff09<\/h3>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
cpp<\/div>\n
\n
\/\/ \u51fd\u6570\u6a21\u677f\r\ntemplate<typename T>\r\nT maxVal(T a, T b) {\r\n    return (a > b) ? a : b;\r\n}\r\n\r\nmaxVal(3, 5);       \/\/ int \u7248\u672c\r\nmaxVal(3.1, 2.9);   \/\/ double \u7248\u672c\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u7c7b\u6a21\u677f\r\ntemplate<typename T>\r\nclass Stack {\r\n    std::vector<T> data;\r\npublic:\r\n    void push(T val) { data.push_back(val); }\r\n    T pop() { T v = data.back(); data.pop_back(); return v; }\r\n};<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\ud83d\udd37 \u4e94\u3001STL \u6807\u51c6\u5e93<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5bb9\u5668<\/th>\n\u7528\u9014<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
vector<\/code><\/td>\n\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
map<\/code> \/ unordered_map<\/code><\/td>\n\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff08\u6709\u5e8f\/\u54c8\u5e0c\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
set<\/code><\/td>\n\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u96c6\u5408<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
queue<\/code> \/ stack<\/code><\/td>\n\u961f\u5217\/\u6808<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
cpp<\/div>\n
\n
#include <algorithm>\r\n\r\nstd::vector<int> v = {5, 3, 1, 4, 2};\r\nstd::sort(v.begin(), v.end());          \/\/ \u6392\u5e8f\r\nauto it = std::find(v.begin(), v.end(), 3); \/\/ \u67e5\u627e\r\nstd::for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), [](int x){ std::cout << x; });<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\ud83d\udd37 \u516d\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u7b2c1\u5468\uff1a\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5 + \u6307\u9488 + \u5f15\u7528\r\n\u7b2c2\u5468\uff1aOOP\uff08\u7c7b\u3001\u7ee7\u627f\u3001\u591a\u6001\u3001\u865a\u51fd\u6570\uff09\r\n\u7b2c3\u5468\uff1a\u73b0\u4ee3C++\uff08\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u8bed\u4e49\u3001Lambda\uff09\r\n\u7b2c4\u5468\uff1a\u6a21\u677f + STL + \u5b9e\u6218\u9879\u76ee<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u54ea\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\uff1f\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \ud83c\udfae \u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1<\/strong>\uff08\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff09<\/li>\n
  • \ud83d\udd27 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff08\u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff09<\/li>\n
  • \ud83d\udcd0 \u6a21\u677f\u5143\u7f16\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff08\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6cdb\u578b\uff09<\/li>\n
  • \ud83e\uddea \u67d0\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7279\u6027<\/strong>\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u8bb2\u89e3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u6211\u6765\u6559\u4f60C++\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027\uff01\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-value_docs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7419","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7419"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7419\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7420,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7419\/revisions\/7420"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7419"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}