{"id":7578,"date":"2026-08-02T01:41:29","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T17:41:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/?p=7578"},"modified":"2026-08-02T01:41:29","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T17:41:29","slug":"%e8%ae%b2%e8%ae%b2linux%e5%b9%b3%e5%8f%b0%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e7%bb%8f%e9%aa%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/7578","title":{"rendered":"\u8bb2\u8bb2Linux\u5e73\u53f0\u5f00\u53d1\u7ecf\u9a8c"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u00a0\u4e00\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u8fdb\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840<\/h4>\n
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<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
cpp<\/div>\n
\n
\/\/ fork() \u2014 \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\r\npid_t pid = fork();\r\nif (pid == 0) {\r\n    \/\/ \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1a\u5b8c\u6574\u62f7\u8d1d\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u5b58\uff08CoW\uff0c\u5199\u65f6\u590d\u5236\uff09\r\n    execv(\"\/usr\/bin\/game_server\", args);  \/\/ \u66ff\u6362\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6620\u50cf\r\n    _exit(1);  \/\/ exec \u5931\u8d25\u624d\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u7528 _exit \u4e0d\u7528 exit\r\n} else if (pid > 0) {\r\n    \/\/ \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\r\n    int status;\r\n    waitpid(pid, &status, 0);  \/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\r\n} else {\r\n    \/\/ fork \u5931\u8d25\r\n}<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u5199\u65f6\u590d\u5236\uff08Copy-on-Write\uff09<\/strong>\uff1afork \u540e\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u9875\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u67d0\u65b9\u5199\u5165\u65f6\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u590d\u5236\u8be5\u9875\u3002\u6e38\u620f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528 fork \u505a\u5feb\u7167\u5907\u4efd\uff08Redis BGSAVE \u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u7406\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u00a0wait<\/code>\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8868\u9879\u6b8b\u7559\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u00a0waitpid<\/code><\/li>\n
  • \u6216\u5ffd\u7565\u00a0SIGCHLD<\/code>\uff1asignal(SIGCHLD, SIG_IGN)<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u7ebf\u7a0b vs \u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\uff1a\u5806\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\r\n\u7ebf\u7a0b\u79c1\u6709\uff1a\u6808\u3001\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001errno\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c40\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\uff08TLS\uff09<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    __thread<\/code>\u00a0\/\u00a0thread_local<\/code>\u00a0\u2014 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c40\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    cpp<\/div>\n
    \n
    thread_local int g_player_id = -1;  \/\/ \u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u72ec\u7acb\u4e00\u4efd\uff0c\u65e0\u9501\u8bbf\u95ee\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u6e38\u620f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e38\u7528\uff1a\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u5b58\u5f53\u524d player_id\uff0c\r\n\/\/ \u907f\u514d\u5c42\u5c42\u4f20\u53c2<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e0e I\/O \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528<\/h3>\n
    epoll \u2014 \u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6838\u5fc3<\/h4>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    cpp<\/div>\n
    \n
    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa epoll \u5b9e\u4f8b\r\nint epfd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC);\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u6ce8\u518c\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684 fd\r\nstruct epoll_event ev;\r\nev.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET;  \/\/ ET \u8fb9\u7f18\u89e6\u53d1\r\nev.data.fd = server_fd;\r\nepoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, server_fd, &ev);\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\r\nstruct epoll_event events[MAX_EVENTS];\r\nwhile (true) {\r\n    int n = epoll_wait(epfd, events, MAX_EVENTS, -1);\r\n    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\r\n        if (events[i].data.fd == server_fd) {\r\n            \/\/ \u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\r\n            int client_fd = accept4(server_fd, nullptr, nullptr, \r\n                                    SOCK_NONBLOCK | SOCK_CLOEXEC);\r\n            \/\/ \u6ce8\u518c client_fd \u5230 epoll...\r\n        } else {\r\n            \/\/ \u53ef\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\r\n            handle_client(events[i].data.fd);\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n}<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    ET vs LT\uff08\u9762\u8bd5\u5fc5\u8003\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    <\/th>\n\u6c34\u5e73\u89e6\u53d1 LT\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\uff09<\/th>\n\u8fb9\u7f18\u89e6\u53d1 ET<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6<\/td>\nfd \u53ef\u8bfb\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u901a\u77e5<\/td>\nfd \u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316<\/strong>\u65f6\u901a\u77e5\u4e00\u6b21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u672a\u8bfb\u5b8c<\/td>\n\u4e0b\u6b21 epoll_wait \u8fd8\u4f1a\u901a\u77e5<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u518d\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u5b8c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5b9e\u73b0\u8981\u6c42<\/td>\n\u7b80\u5355<\/td>\n\u5fc5\u987b\u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u5230 EAGAIN<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u8f83\u4f4e<\/td>\n\u66f4\u9ad8\uff08\u4e8b\u4ef6\u66f4\u5c11\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
    ET \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5fc5\u987b\u8fd9\u6837\u8bfb\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    cpp<\/div>\n
    \n
    \/\/ ET \u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u5230 EAGAIN\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e22\u6570\u636e\r\nwhile (true) {\r\n    ssize_t n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));\r\n    if (n == -1) {\r\n        if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK)\r\n            break;  \/\/ \u8bfb\u5b8c\u4e86\r\n        \/\/ \u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9519\u8bef\r\n        break;\r\n    }\r\n    if (n == 0) {\r\n        \/\/ \u5bf9\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\r\n        close(fd);\r\n        break;\r\n    }\r\n    process(buf, n);\r\n}<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    select vs poll vs epoll \u5bf9\u6bd4<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    <\/th>\nselect<\/th>\npoll<\/th>\nepoll<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    fd \u4e0a\u9650<\/td>\n1024<\/td>\n\u65e0\u9650\u5236<\/td>\n\u65e0\u9650\u5236<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u7ebf\u6027\u626b\u63cf\u5168\u90e8<\/td>\n\u7ebf\u6027\u626b\u63cf\u5168\u90e8<\/td>\n\u53ea\u8fd4\u56de\u5c31\u7eea fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/td>\nO(n)<\/td>\nO(n)<\/td>\nO(1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5185\u6838\u62f7\u8d1d<\/td>\n\u6bcf\u6b21\u5168\u91cf<\/td>\n\u6bcf\u6b21\u5168\u91cf<\/td>\n\u6ce8\u518c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u589e\u91cf\u901a\u77e5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n\u5df2\u57fa\u672c\u6dd8\u6c70<\/td>\n\u5c11\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6807\u914d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    \u4e09\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n
    \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5e03\u5c40<\/h4>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    \u9ad8\u5730\u5740\r\n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\r\n\u2502   \u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4       \u2502  \u2190 \u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524\r\n\u2502   \u6808\uff08\u5411\u4e0b\u589e\u957f\uff09 \u2502  \u2190 \u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5e27\r\n\u2502        \u2193        \u2502\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524\r\n\u2502   \u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u533a     \u2502  \u2190 mmap\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u3001\u533f\u540d\u6620\u5c04\r\n\u2502        \u2191        \u2502\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524\r\n\u2502   \u5806\uff08\u5411\u4e0a\u589e\u957f\uff09 \u2502  \u2190 malloc\/new\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524\r\n\u2502   BSS \u6bb5         \u2502  \u2190 \u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\r\n\u2502   \u6570\u636e\u6bb5         \u2502  \u2190 \u5df2\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\r\n\u2502   \u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\uff08\u53ea\u8bfb\uff09 \u2502  \u2190 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u672c\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\r\n\u4f4e\u5730\u5740<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    mmap \u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u7528\u9014<\/h4>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    cpp<\/div>\n
    \n
    \/\/ 1. \u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u8bfb\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\r\nint fd = open(\"game_assets.pak\", O_RDONLY);\r\nstruct stat st;\r\nfstat(fd, &st);\r\n\r\nvoid* data = mmap(nullptr, st.st_size, PROT_READ, \r\n                  MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);\r\n\/\/ \u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6309\u9700\u6362\u9875\uff0c\u907f\u514d read() \u7684\u5185\u6838\u2192\u7528\u6237\u62f7\u8d1d\r\n\r\n\/\/ 2. \u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\r\nvoid* shm = mmap(nullptr, 4096, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\r\n                 MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\r\n\/\/ fork \u540e\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5185\u5b58<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \u5185\u5b58\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    bash<\/div>\n
    \n
    # Valgrind\uff1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u8d8a\u754c\u8bbf\u95ee\uff08\u6162\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u7528\uff09\r\nvalgrind --leak-check=full --track-origins=yes .\/game_server\r\n\r\n# AddressSanitizer\uff08ASan\uff09\uff1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u63d2\u6869\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017\u5c0f\u5f97\u591a\r\ng++ -fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer -g .\/game_server.cpp\r\n\r\n# \u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\r\ncat \/proc\/<pid>\/maps\r\ncat \/proc\/<pid>\/smaps_rollup  # \u5185\u5b58\u6c47\u603b\r\n\r\n# \u5806\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\r\njemalloc \/ tcmalloc \u7684 heap profiler\uff08C++ \u6e38\u620f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e38\u7528 tcmalloc\uff09<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    \u56db\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    cpp<\/div>\n
    \n
    #include <signal.h>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u4f18\u96c5\u5173\u673a\u5904\u7406\r\nvolatile sig_atomic_t g_running = 1;  \/\/ \u4fe1\u53f7\u5b89\u5168\u7c7b\u578b\r\n\r\nvoid signal_handler(int sig) {\r\n    if (sig == SIGTERM || sig == SIGINT) {\r\n        g_running = 0;  \/\/ \u901a\u77e5\u4e3b\u5faa\u73af\u9000\u51fa\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\nint main() {\r\n    struct sigaction sa{};\r\n    sa.sa_handler = signal_handler;\r\n    sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);\r\n    sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;  \/\/ \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u88ab\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e2d\u65ad\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u542f\r\n    sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, nullptr);\r\n    sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, nullptr);\r\n    \r\n    \/\/ \u5ffd\u7565 SIGPIPE\uff08\u5bf9\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u65f6\u5199\u5165\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5ffd\u7565\uff09\r\n    signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);\r\n    \r\n    while (g_running) {\r\n        \/\/ \u6e38\u620f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e3b\u5faa\u73af\r\n    }\r\n    \r\n    \/\/ \u4f18\u96c5\u5173\u673a\uff1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u901a\u77e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\r\n    graceful_shutdown();\r\n}<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    SIGPIPE<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u6e38\u620f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u7406\u7684<\/strong>\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65ad\u5f00\u540e\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u518d\u5f80 socket \u5199\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u6536\u5230 SIGPIPE\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002\u5ffd\u7565\u5b83\uff0c\u6539\u4e3a\u68c0\u67e5\u00a0write<\/code>\u00a0\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u4e94\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n
    perf \u2014 Linux \u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u795e\u5668<\/h4>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    bash<\/div>\n
    \n
    # CPU \u70ed\u70b9\u91c7\u6837\uff08\u91c7\u6837 30 \u79d2\uff09\r\nperf record -g -p <pid> -- sleep 30\r\nperf report\r\n\r\n# \u67e5\u770b\u7f13\u5b58\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u3001\u5206\u652f\u9884\u6d4b\u5931\u8d25\r\nperf stat -e cache-misses,cache-references,branch-misses .\/game_server\r\n\r\n# \u706b\u7130\u56fe\uff08\u6700\u76f4\u89c2\uff09\r\nperf record -F 99 -g -p <pid> -- sleep 30\r\nperf script | stackcollapse-perf.pl | flamegraph.pl > flame.svg<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    strace \u2014 \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u8ffd\u8e2a<\/h4>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    bash<\/div>\n
    \n
    # \u8ffd\u8e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\r\nstrace -p <pid> -e trace=network,file\r\n\r\n# \u7edf\u8ba1\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u8017\u65f6\r\nstrace -c .\/game_server\r\n\r\n# \u5e38\u89c1\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\r\n# - \u9891\u7e41\u5c0f read\/write\uff08\u5e94\u8be5\u7528 writev \/ \u6279\u91cf\uff09\r\n# - \u610f\u5916\u7684 stat \u8c03\u7528\uff08\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d\u5931\u63a7\uff09\r\n# - futex \u4e89\u7528\uff08\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u4e25\u91cd\uff09<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    bash<\/div>\n
    \n
    top \/ htop         # CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5b9e\u65f6\r\nvmstat 1           # \u5185\u5b58\u3001IO\u3001CPU \u7efc\u5408\r\niostat -x 1        # \u78c1\u76d8 IO \u8be6\u60c5\r\nnetstat \/ ss -tuln # \u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\r\nlsof -p <pid>      # \u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\r\n\/proc\/<pid>\/fd\/    # \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5217\u8868<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    \u516d\u3001\u6e38\u620f\u540e\u7aef\u5e38\u89c1 Linux \u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7<\/h3>\n
    socket \u8c03\u4f18<\/h4>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    cpp<\/div>\n
    \n
    \/\/ 1. TCP_NODELAY \u2014 \u7981\u7528 Nagle \u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff08\u6e38\u620f\u5fc5\u5f00\uff09\r\nint flag = 1;\r\nsetsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &flag, sizeof(flag));\r\n\r\n\/\/ 2. SO_REUSEPORT \u2014 \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5404\u81ea accept\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u60ca\u7fa4\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u541e\u5410\r\nsetsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, &flag, sizeof(flag));\r\n\r\n\/\/ 3. SO_KEEPALIVE \u2014 \u68c0\u6d4b\u6b7b\u8fde\u63a5\r\nsetsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, &flag, sizeof(flag));\r\n\r\n\/\/ 4. \u53d1\u9001\/\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\r\nint buf_size = 4 * 1024 * 1024;  \/\/ 4MB\r\nsetsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &buf_size, sizeof(buf_size));<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \u7cfb\u7edf\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u4f18\uff08\/etc\/sysctl.conf<\/code>\uff09<\/h4>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    bash<\/div>\n
    \n
    # \u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4 1024\uff0c\u6e38\u620f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8981\u5927\u5f97\u591a\uff09\r\nfs.file-max = 1000000\r\nulimit -n 1000000\r\n\r\n# TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u961f\u5217\r\nnet.core.somaxconn = 65535           # listen() backlog \u4e0a\u9650\r\nnet.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65535 # SYN \u534a\u8fde\u63a5\u961f\u5217\r\n\r\n# TIME_WAIT \u5feb\u901f\u590d\u7528\uff08\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u77ed\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\uff09\r\nnet.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1\r\n\r\n# \u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\r\nnet.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    CPU \u4eb2\u548c\u6027\u7ed1\u6838<\/h4>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    cpp<\/div>\n
    \n
    \/\/ \u5c06\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u6307\u5b9a CPU \u6838\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8c03\u5ea6\u6296\u52a8\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\r\ncpu_set_t cpuset;\r\nCPU_ZERO(&cpuset);\r\nCPU_SET(2, &cpuset);  \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230 CPU 2\r\npthread_setaffinity_np(pthread_self(), sizeof(cpuset), &cpuset);<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \u6e38\u620f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e38\u89c1\u67b6\u6784\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc I\/O \u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed1 CPU 0-1\uff0c\u6e38\u620f\u903b\u8f91\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed1 CPU 2-7\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8de8\u6838\u8fc1\u79fb\u5bfc\u81f4 L1\/L2 \u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u4e03\u3001\u9762\u8bd5\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
    Q\uff1afork \u4e4b\u540e malloc \u662f\u5426\u5b89\u5168\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
    \u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u3002fork \u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6709”async-signal-safe”\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5982\u679c fork \u65f6\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6301\u6709 malloc \u7684\u5185\u90e8\u9501\uff0c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u662f\u9501\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\u7684 heap\uff0c\u518d\u8c03\u7528 malloc \u4f1a\u6b7b\u9501\u3002\u5b89\u5168\u505a\u6cd5\uff1afork \u540e\u7acb\u5373 exec\uff0c\u6216\u53ea fork \u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
    Q\uff1aepoll \u7684 fd \u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
    \u53ef\u4ee5\u3002epoll fd \u662f\u5185\u6838\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8c03\u7528\u00a0epoll_wait<\/code>\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u00a0SO_REUSEPORT<\/code>\u00a0\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u884c accept\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
    Q\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u00a0write<\/code>\u00a0\u8fd4\u56de\u6210\u529f\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5bf9\u65b9\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
    write \u53ea\u662f\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u5185\u6838\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6210\u529f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5185\u6838\u5df2\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u5bf9\u65b9 TCP \u6808\u63a5\u6536\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u5c42 read \u662f\u540e\u7eed\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6e38\u620f\u534f\u8bae\u9700\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u5c42 ACK \u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u5173\u952e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
    Q\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d C++ \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 coredump\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    bash<\/div>\n
    \n
    # \u5f00\u542f core dump\r\nulimit -c unlimited\r\necho \"\/tmp\/core.%p\" > \/proc\/sys\/kernel\/core_pattern\r\n\r\n# \u7528 gdb \u5206\u6790\r\ngdb .\/game_server \/tmp\/core.12345\r\n(gdb) bt full      # \u67e5\u770b\u5b8c\u6574\u8c03\u7528\u6808\r\n(gdb) info threads # \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\r\n(gdb) thread 3     # \u5207\u6362\u5230\u7ebf\u7a0b 3<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n
    \u5bf9\u4e8e EA \u6e38\u620f\u540e\u7aef\u9762\u8bd5\uff0cLinux \u5f00\u53d1\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\uff1aepoll \u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b \u2192 \u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u8c03\u8bd5 \u2192 \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65 \u2192 \u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u5de5\u5177\u94fe<\/strong>\u3002\u80fd\u8bf4\u51fa ET \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5fc5\u987b\u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u3001SIGPIPE<\/code>\u00a0\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5ffd\u7565\u3001TCP_NODELAY<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc7\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u7ee7\u7eed\u6df1\u6316\u67d0\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\uff1f\u6bd4\u5982\u00a0\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b9e\u6218<\/strong>\uff08\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355 TCP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6848\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8f6c\u5411\u522b\u7684 EA \u9762\u8bd5\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u00a0\u4e00\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b \u8fdb\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840 cpp <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7578","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-value_docs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7578","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7578"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7578\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7578"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7578"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7578"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}