{"id":7677,"date":"2026-08-18T16:22:53","date_gmt":"2026-08-18T08:22:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/?p=7677"},"modified":"2026-08-18T16:22:53","modified_gmt":"2026-08-18T08:22:53","slug":"stdshared_mutex-%e5%8f%8a%e5%85%b6%e7%94%a8%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/7677","title":{"rendered":"std::shared_mutex \u53ca\u5176\u7528\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"
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std::shared_mutex<\/code> \u662f C++17 \u5f15\u5165\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u9501\uff08\u5171\u4eab\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u591a\u5199\u5c11<\/strong>\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u666e\u901a std::mutex<\/code> \u662f\u72ec\u5360\u9501\uff1a\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8bfb\u8fd8\u662f\u5199\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

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shared_mutex<\/code> \u652f\u6301\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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  1. \u5171\u4eab\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u8bfb\u9501\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u8bfb\u9501\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u8bfb\uff1b<\/li>\n
  2. \u72ec\u5360\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5199\u9501\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u62ff\u5230\u5199\u9501\uff0c\u5199\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6240\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5168\u90e8\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
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    C++14 \u6709 std::shared_timed_mutex<\/code>\uff0c\u5e26\u8d85\u65f6\uff1bC++17 std::shared_mutex<\/code> \u53bb\u6389\u8d85\u65f6\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
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    \u6838\u5fc3\u63a5\u53e3<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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    \u8868\u683c<\/div>\n
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    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u63a5\u53e3<\/th>\n\u4f5c\u7528<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    lock()<\/code><\/td>\n\u72ec\u5360\u4e0a\u9501\uff08\u5199\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u963b\u585e\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u8bfb \/ \u5199\u5168\u90e8\u7b49\u5f85<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    unlock()<\/code><\/td>\n\u91ca\u653e\u72ec\u5360\u9501<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    try_lock()<\/code><\/td>\n\u5c1d\u8bd5\u72ec\u5360\u4e0a\u9501\uff0c\u62ff\u4e0d\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de false<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    lock_shared()<\/code><\/td>\n\u5171\u4eab\u4e0a\u9501\uff08\u8bfb\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u540c\u65f6\u6210\u529f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    unlock_shared()<\/code><\/td>\n\u91ca\u653e\u5171\u4eab\u9501<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    try_lock_shared()<\/code><\/td>\n\u5c1d\u8bd5\u83b7\u53d6\u8bfb\u9501<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    \u26a0\ufe0f\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    • \u5199\u9501\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u5199\u9501\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u65b0\u6765\u7684lock_shared()<\/code>\u4f1a\u88ab\u963b\u6321\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5199\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c38\u4e45\u9965\u997f\uff1b<\/li>\n
    • \u4e0d\u80fd\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cd\u590d\u8c03\u7528lock_shared()<\/code>\uff0c\u4f1a\u6b7b\u9501\uff1b<\/li>\n
    • \u4e0d\u8981\u6df7\u7528\uff1alock_shared()<\/code>\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d\u80fd\u8c03\u7528unlock()<\/code>\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u914d\u5bf9unlock_shared()<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
      \n

      RAII \u5305\u88c5\uff08\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u88f8\u8c03\u7528 lock\uff09<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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      C++ \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e24\u4e2a RAII \u9501\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u914d\u5408 shared_mutex\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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      1. std::shared_lockstd::shared_mutex<\/strong> \u2192 \u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u8bfb\u9501<\/strong>\uff0c\u6784\u9020\u8c03\u7528lock_shared()<\/code>\uff0c\u6790\u6784\u81ea\u52a8unlock_shared()<\/code><\/li>\n
      2. std::unique_lockstd::shared_mutex<\/strong> \u2192 \u83b7\u53d6\u72ec\u5360\u5199\u9501<\/strong>\uff0c\u6784\u9020\u8c03\u7528lock()<\/code>\uff0c\u6790\u6784\u81ea\u52a8unlock()<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
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        \u2705\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u51e0\u4e4e\u6c38\u8fdc\u7528 RAII\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u624b\u52a8lock\/unlock<\/code>\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5f02\u5e38\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b7b\u9501\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
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        \u5b8c\u6574\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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        cpp<\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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        \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
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        #include <iostream>\r\n#include <shared_mutex>\r\n#include <thread>\r\n#include <vector>\r\n\r\nstd::shared_mutex rw_mtx;\r\nint shared_data = 0;\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u8bfb\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1a\u5171\u4eab\u9501\uff0c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\r\nvoid reader(int id) {\r\n    for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {\r\n        \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u8bfb\u9501\uff0c\u591a\u4e2areader\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6301\u6709\r\n        std::shared_lock<std::shared_mutex> lock(rw_mtx);\r\n        std::cout << \"reader\" << id << \", data = \" << shared_data << \"\\n\";\r\n        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u5199\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1a\u72ec\u5360\u9501\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u80fd\u4e00\u4e2a\u5199\r\nvoid writer() {\r\n    for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {\r\n        \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u5199\u9501\uff0c\u6392\u4ed6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8bfb\/\u5199\u963b\u585e\r\n        std::unique_lock<std::shared_mutex> lock(rw_mtx);\r\n        shared_data++;\r\n        std::cout << \"writer update data = \" << shared_data << \"\\n\";\r\n        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\nint main() {\r\n    std::vector<std::thread> threads;\r\n    \/\/ 4\u4e2a\u8bfb\u7ebf\u7a0b\r\n    for(int i=0;i<4;i++){\r\n        threads.emplace_back(reader, i);\r\n    }\r\n    \/\/ 1\u4e2a\u5199\u7ebf\u7a0b\r\n    threads.emplace_back(writer);\r\n\r\n    for(auto& t : threads) t.join();\r\n    return 0;\r\n}<\/pre>\n
         <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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        \u6267\u884c\u884c\u4e3a<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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        • 4 \u4e2a reader \u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6253\u5370<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u8bfb\uff1b<\/li>\n
        • writer \u62ff\u5230\u9501\u77ac\u95f4\uff0c\u6240\u6709 reader \u5168\u90e8\u5361\u4f4f\uff1bwriter \u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u91ca\u653e\u9501\uff0c\u8bfb\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6062\u590d\u5e76\u53d1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
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          \u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f & \u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u573a\u666f<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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          \u2705\u9002\u5408\uff1a\u8bfb\u591a\u5199\u5c11<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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          • \u914d\u7f6e\u8868\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u53ea\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5076\u5c14\u66f4\u65b0\uff1b<\/li>\n
          • \u5927\u91cf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5c11\u91cf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
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            \u274c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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            1. \u8bfb\u5199\u9891\u7387\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff1a\u8bfb\u5199\u9501\u6709\u989d\u5916\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u666e\u901astd::mutex<\/code>\uff1b<\/li>\n
            2. \u5199\u6781\u9891\u7e41\uff1a\u5199\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u963b\u585e\u8bfb\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u53cd\u800c\u5dee\uff1b<\/li>\n
            3. \u9012\u5f52\u52a0\u9501\uff1ashared_mutex<\/code>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u9012\u5f52<\/strong>\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cd\u590d lock \u4f1a\u6b7b\u9501\uff1b\u9700\u8981\u9012\u5f52\u8bfb\u5199\u9501\u81ea\u5df1\u5c01\u88c5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
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              \u6613\u9519\u5751\u70b9<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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              1. \u9501\u7c7b\u578b\u914d\u5bf9\u9519\u8bef<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
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                cpp<\/div>\n
                <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
                <\/div>\n
                \n
                std::shared_lock<...> lk(rw_mtx);\r\nrw_mtx.unlock(); \/\/ \u274c\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5 unlock_shared()\uff0cRAII\u4e0d\u4f1a\u72af\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519<\/pre>\n
                 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                1. \u6301\u6709\u8bfb\u9501\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53bb\u505a\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
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                  \u62ff\u5230shared_lock<\/code>\u540e\uff0c\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u5171\u4eab\u53d8\u91cf\uff1b\u6b64\u65f6\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e5f\u62ff\u7740\u8bfb\u9501\uff0c\u4f1a\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
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                  1. \u6b7b\u9501\uff1a\u8bfb\u9501\u5347\u7ea7\u5199\u9501\uff08\u4e0d\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
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                    cpp<\/div>\n
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                    \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
                    <\/div>\n
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                    std::shared_lock<std::shared_mutex> lk(rw_mtx);\r\n\/\/ rw_mtx.lock(); \/\/ \u274c \u5df2\u7ecf\u6301\u6709\u5171\u4eab\u9501\uff0c\u518d\u7533\u8bf7\u72ec\u5360\u9501\u76f4\u63a5\u6b7b\u9501\uff01<\/pre>\n
                     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                    \u8bfb\u9501\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5347\u7ea7\u5199\u9501<\/strong>\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5\uff1a\u91ca\u653e\u8bfb\u9501\uff0c\u518d\u83b7\u53d6\u5199\u9501\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u5148 try \u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u522b\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
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                    1. \u5199\u9501\u964d\u7ea7\uff08C++17 \u652f\u6301\uff09\n
                      <\/div>\n
                      \u5df2\u7ecf\u62ff\u5230unique_lock<\/code>\u5199\u9501\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u72ec\u5360\uff0c\u8f6c\u4e3a\u5171\u4eab\u8bfb\u9501\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
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                      cpp<\/div>\n
                      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                      \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
                      <\/div>\n
                      \n
                      std::unique_lock<std::shared_mutex> wlock(rw_mtx);\r\n\/\/ \u5199\u64cd\u4f5c...\r\nwlock.unlock();\r\nstd::shared_lock<std::shared_mutex> rlock(rw_mtx);<\/pre>\n
                       <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                      \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9501\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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                      \u8868\u683c<\/div>\n
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                      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                      \u9501<\/th>\n\u7279\u6027<\/th>\n\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                      std::mutex<\/code><\/td>\n\u72ec\u5360\u9501\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u5feb\u901f<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u5199\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u5199\u591a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      std::shared_mutex<\/code><\/td>\n\u8bfb\u5199\u9501 C++17\uff0c\u65e0\u8d85\u65f6<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u591a\u5199\u5c11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      std::shared_timed_mutex<\/code><\/td>\n\u8bfb\u5199\u9501 + \u8d85\u65f6 C++14<\/td>\n\u9700\u8981 try_lock \u5e26\u8d85\u65f6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      C++20 \u8865\u5145<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      C++20 \u5bf9std::shared_mutex<\/code>\u589e\u52a0\u4e86try_lock_shared_for<\/code>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8d85\u65f6\u63a5\u53e3\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301 constexpr\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                      \u7b80\u5355\u603b\u7ed3\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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                        \n
                      • shared_mutex<\/code> = \u8bfb\u5199\u9501\uff1b<\/li>\n
                      • \u8bfb \u2192 std::shared_lock<\/strong>\uff1b<\/li>\n
                      • \u5199 \u2192 std::unique_lock<\/strong>\uff1b<\/li>\n
                      • \u8bfb\u9501\u4e0d\u80fd\u5347\u7ea7\u5199\u9501\uff0c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u6b7b\u9501\uff1b<\/li>\n
                      • \u8bfb\u591a\u5199\u5c11\u624d\u7528\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u76f4\u63a5 mutex\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
                        \n
                        \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4e00\u6bb5\u751f\u4ea7\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u793a\u4f8b\uff08\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u7f13\u5b58\u7c7b\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e shared_mutex\uff09\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                        std::shared_mutex \u662f <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7677","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-value_docs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7677","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7677"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7677\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7678,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7677\/revisions\/7678"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7677"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7677"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}