{"id":7679,"date":"2026-08-18T17:54:30","date_gmt":"2026-08-18T09:54:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/?p=7679"},"modified":"2026-08-20T00:54:30","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T16:54:30","slug":"stl-%e5%ae%b9%e5%99%a8%e8%bf%ad%e4%bb%a3%e5%99%a8%e5%a4%b1%e6%95%88%e8%a7%84%e5%88%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/7679","title":{"rendered":"STL \u5bb9\u5668\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\u89c4\u5219"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u6838\u5fc3\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 \/ \u5f15\u7528 \/ \u6307\u9488\u662f\u5426\u5931\u6548<\/strong>\u3002\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u6307\u5411\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u5143\u7d20\u7684 \u201c\u6307\u9488\u201d\uff1b\u5143\u7d20\u5185\u5b58\u88ab\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5c31\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\uff1aerase(it)<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/strong>\uff0c\u88ab erase \u7684\u90a3\u4e2ait<\/code>\u76f4\u63a5\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u8981\u770b\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5404\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\u603b\u8868<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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\u8868\u683c<\/div>\n
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<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5bb9\u5668<\/th>\n\u5e95\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784<\/th>\n\u64cd\u4f5c<\/th>\n\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\u60c5\u51b5<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
vector<\/code><\/td>\n\u8fde\u7eed\u6570\u7ec4<\/td>\nerase\/pop_back<\/code><\/td>\n\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u540e\u5168\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff1b\u524d\u9762\u4fdd\u6301\u6709\u6548<\/strong>\u3002\u5220\u9664\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u3001\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6548<\/strong>\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
deque<\/code><\/td>\n\u5206\u6bb5\u8fde\u7eed\u6570\u7ec4<\/td>\nerase<\/code><\/td>\n\u88ab\u5220\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548<\/strong>\uff1b\u5934\u5c3e\u4e4b\u5916\u4e2d\u95f4 erase\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff1b\u4e24\u7aef pop \u4ec5\u5931\u6548\u88ab\u5220\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
list<\/code> \/ std::forward_list<\/code><\/td>\n\u53cc\u5411 \/ \u5355\u5411\u94fe\u8868<\/td>\nerase<\/code><\/td>\n\u4ec5\u88ab erase \u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5168\u90e8\u5b8c\u597d<\/strong>\u3002\u5220\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u3001\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
std::map\/std::set<\/code>(\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811)<\/td>\n\u5e73\u8861 BST<\/td>\nerase<\/code><\/td>\n\u53ea\u6709\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u4fdd\u6301\u6709\u6548<\/strong>\u3002\u5220\u5934\u90e8\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u3001\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5931\u6548<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
std::unordered_map\/unordered_set<\/code><\/td>\n\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868<\/td>\nerase<\/code><\/td>\n\u4ec5\u88ab erase \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff1brehash \u65f6\u5168\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548<\/strong>\uff08insert \u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9 rehash\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u56de\u7b54\u4f60\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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  1. \u5220\u9664\u5934\u90e8\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
      \n
    • vector<\/code>\uff1a\u2705\u4f1a\uff01\u5220 begin ()\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u4e2d\u95f4\u3001\u672b\u5c3e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5143\u7d20\u6574\u4f53\u5411\u524d\u642c\u79fb<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • map\/set\/list<\/code>\uff1a\u274c\u4e0d\u4f1a\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4f9d\u65e7\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4ec5\u88ab\u5220\u6389\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a it \u5931\u6548<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
      \n
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      1. std::vector\uff08\u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u5751\uff09<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
      \n
      \u5e95\u5c42\u4e00\u5757\u8fde\u7eed\u5806\u6570\u7ec4\u3002erase \u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5185\u5b58\u62f7\u8d1d\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u8986\u76d6\u88ab\u5220\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/strong>\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
      \n
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      cpp<\/div>\n
      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
      \n
      \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
      <\/div>\n
      \n
      std::vector<int> v{10,20,30,40,50};\r\nauto it_mid = v.begin()+2; \/\/ \u6307\u541130\r\nv.erase(v.begin());        \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u5934\u90e810\r\n\/\/ \u26a0 it_mid \u5df2\u7ecf\u5931\u6548\uff01\u5143\u7d20\u5168\u90e8\u524d\u79fb\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u53d1\u751f\u79fb\u52a8\uff0cit_mid\u53d8\u6210\u91ce\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/pre>\n
       <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
      \n
        \n
      • v.erase(pos)<\/code>\uff1apos \u4ee5\u53ca pos \u4e4b\u540e\u6240\u6709\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3001\u6307\u9488\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6548<\/strong>\uff1bpos \u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n
      • pop_back()<\/code>\uff1a\u4ec5\u5c3e\u540e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668end()<\/code>\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n
      • push_back<\/code>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u89e6\u53d1 capacity \u6269\u5bb9\uff08reallocate\uff09\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6548<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
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        \n
        vector \u5220\u9664\u5934\u90e8\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5f88\u9ad8\uff1aO (n) \u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6bc1\u6389\u5168\u90e8\u540e\u9762\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        2. std::map \/std::set\uff08\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u72ec\u7acb\u5806\u5185\u5b58\uff09<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        \u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u72ec\u7acb\u5206\u914d\u5806\u5185\u5b58\uff0cerase \u53ea\u662f\u628a\u6811\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u91ca\u653e\uff1b\u5176\u4f59\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
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        cpp<\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n
        \n
        std::map<int,int> m{{1,1},{2,2},{3,3},{4,4}};\r\nauto it_mid = m.find(3);\r\nauto it_head = m.begin();\r\nm.erase(it_head); \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u5934\u90e8key=1\u8282\u70b9\r\n\/\/ \u2705 it_mid \u4f9d\u7136\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5931\u6548<\/pre>\n
         <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        \u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
          \n
        • erase(it)<\/code>\uff1a\u4ec5\u88ab\u4f20\u5165\u7684 it \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u3001\u6307\u9488\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u6548<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n
        • erase \u4e00\u4e2a range erase(begin,end)<\/code>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
          \n
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          [begin,end) \u533a\u95f4\u5185\u5168\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u533a\u95f4\u5916\u4fdd\u6301\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
          \n
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          \u8fd9\u70b9\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e00\u6bb5 TTL \u7f13\u5b58\u4ee3\u7801\u7528std::map<Tp, set<>><\/code>\uff0cit=m_ttl_map.erase(it)<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5229\u7528 map \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
          \n
          \u26a0\ufe0f\u6ce8\u610f\uff1aerase(value)<\/code>\u6309 key \u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff1b\u540c\u6837\u4ec5\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
          \n
          3. std::list \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
          \n
          \u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u72ec\u7acb\u5806\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u5934\u90e8\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4fee\u6539\u524d\u540e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u8282\u70b9\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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          cpp<\/div>\n
          <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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          \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
          <\/div>\n
          \n
          std::list<int> l{1,2,3,4};\r\nauto mid = std::next(l.begin(),2);\r\nl.erase(l.begin());\r\n\/\/ mid\u4f9d\u7136\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38*mid<\/pre>\n
           <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
          \n
          <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
          \n
            \n
          • erase \u67d0\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8be5\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5168\u90e8\u6709\u6548<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
            \n
            4. unordered_map \/unordered_set\uff08\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff09<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
            \n
              \n
            1. erase(it)<\/code>\uff1a\u4ec5\u88ab erase \u7684 it \u5931\u6548\uff1b\u5176\u4f59\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u6709\u6548<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n
            2. insert \u5982\u679c\u89e6\u53d1rehash\uff08\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6269\u5bb9\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5168\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3001\u6307\u9488\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u5931\u6548<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
              \n
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              \n
              rehash \u4f1a\u628a\u5168\u90e8\u8282\u70b9\u642c\u8fc1\u5230\u65b0\u7684 bucket \u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u662f unordered \u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u5751\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
              \n
              5. deque<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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              \u5206\u6bb5\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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              • \u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e erase\uff1a\u5168\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548<\/strong><\/li>\n
              • \u53ea\u5728\u4e24\u7aef pop_front\/pop_back\uff1a\u53ea\u5931\u6548\u88ab\u5220\u5143\u7d20\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                \n
                \u9ad8\u9891\u6613\u9519\u573a\u666f<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                \u573a\u666f 1\uff1avector \u9519\u8bef\u5faa\u73af erase<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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                cpp<\/div>\n
                <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
                <\/div>\n
                \n
                \/\/ \u274c\u9519\u8bef\u5199\u6cd5\r\nfor(auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); ++it){\r\n    if(*it > 10){\r\n        v.erase(it);   \/\/ erase\u4e4b\u540eit\u76f4\u63a5\u5931\u6548\uff0c++it\u662fUB\u5d29\u6e83\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u2705\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5229\u7528erase\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\r\nfor(auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); ){\r\n    if(*it>10){\r\n        it = v.erase(it);\r\n    }else{\r\n        ++it;\r\n    }\r\n}<\/pre>\n
                 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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                map\/list\/unordered_map \u540c\u6837\u7528 it = c.erase(it)<\/code>\uff0c\u5199\u6cd5\u901a\u7528\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                \u573a\u666f 2\uff1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u89e3\u9501\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u4e0a\u4e00\u6bb5 TTL \u7f13\u5b58\u539f\u59cb\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5751\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
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                cpp<\/div>\n
                <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
                <\/div>\n
                \n
                \/\/ map\u793a\u4f8b\r\nstd::shared_lock rlock(mtx);\r\nauto it = m_ttl_map.begin();\r\nrlock.unlock();   \/\/\u91ca\u653e\u9501\r\n\/\/ \u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c m_ttl_map.erase(it);\r\n\/\/ \u91cd\u65b0\u62ff\u9501\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528it\uff1b\u6b64\u65f6it\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u91ce\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668UB<\/pre>\n
                 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
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                \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u6709\u6548\u6027 \u2260\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\uff01\u5373\u4f7f\u5bb9\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9 it \u5931\u6548\uff0c\u522b\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b erase \u8be5\u8282\u70b9\uff0cit \u4f9d\u7136\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u91ce\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
                <\/div>\n
                \ud83d\udc49\u53ea\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u9501\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u590d\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u65b0 find\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                \u573a\u666f 3\uff1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f15\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
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                cpp<\/div>\n
                <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
                <\/div>\n
                \n
                auto& ref = it->second;\r\nc.erase(it);\r\n\/\/ ref\u53d8\u6210\u60ac\u7a7a\u5f15\u7528UB<\/pre>\n
                 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                \u7b80\u77ed\u603b\u7ed3\u56de\u7b54\u4f60\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                \n
                \n
                Q\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u5934\u90e8\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\u4e48\uff1f<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                  \n
                1. vector\uff1a\u4f1a\uff01\u5220\u9664\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u6240\u6709\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u95f4\u3001\u5c3e\u90e8\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n
                2. map \/set\/list\uff1a\u4e0d\u4f1a\uff01\u5220\u9664\u5934\u90e8\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u88ab\u5220\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u3001\u5c3e\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u7ee7\u7eed\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  \u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e24\u4e2a\u533a\u5206\u53e3\u8bc0\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                  \n
                    \n
                  1. \u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u5bb9\u5668 (vector\/deque)\uff1aerase \u4f1a\u79fb\u52a8\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u8ddf\u7740\u5931\u6548\uff1b<\/strong><\/li>\n
                  2. \u8282\u70b9\u5f0f\u5bb9\u5668 (map\/set\/list)\uff1aerase \u4ec5\u5e72\u6389\u88ab\u5220\u8282\u70b9\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4fdd\u6301\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
                    \n
                    \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3e\u4e00\u6bb5\u6700\u5c0f\u590d\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u6f14\u793a vector \u5220\u5934\u90e8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 UB\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                    <\/div>\n
                    <\/div>\n
                    \n
                    \n
                    std::list \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u5931\u6548\uff1f<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n
                    \n
                    STL \u6807\u51c6\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u662f\u5426\u5931\u6548\u3002\u6ca1\u6709 is_valid()<\/code>\u3001is_invalid()<\/code> \u8fd9\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                    \n
                    \n
                    \n
                    \u4e0d\u5149\u662f list\uff0cvector\/map\/unordered_map<\/code> \u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\u5c5e\u4e8e \u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u67e5\u8be2\u72b6\u6001<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n
                    <\/div>\n
                    \u5931\u6548\u4e4b\u540e\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e \u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a UB<\/strong>\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u5d29\u6e83\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u8dd1\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u4e71\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
                    \n
                    std::list \u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u5931\u6548<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
                    \n
                    std::list<\/code> \u662f\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                    \n
                      \n
                    1. erase(it)<\/code>\uff1a\u4ec5\u88ab erase \u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5168\u90e8\u4fdd\u6301\u6709\u6548<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n
                    2. pop_front \/ pop_back<\/code>\uff1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n
                    3. insert<\/code>\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4fdd\u6301\u6709\u6548<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n
                    4. splice<\/code> \u62fc\u63a5\uff1a\u88ab\u79fb\u52a8\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4f9d\u7136\u6709\u6548\uff08\u6307\u5411\u65b0\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      list \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u4f9d\u7136\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\uff01<\/p>\n
                      <\/div>\n
                      \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      cpp<\/div>\n
                      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
                      <\/div>\n
                      \n
                      std::list<int> l{1,2,3};\r\nauto it = l.begin();\r\nl.erase(it); \/\/ it\u73b0\u5728\u5931\u6548\r\n\/\/ *it; \/\/ UB\uff0c\u5d29\u6e83\/\u968f\u673a\u503c<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6807\u51c6\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b it.is_valid()<\/code>\uff1f<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      list \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u88f8\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9 Node*<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
                      <\/div>\n
                      \u5931\u6548\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u662f\u91ce\u6307\u9488\uff08dangling pointer\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab delete \u91ca\u653e\u7684\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \u91ce\u6307\u9488\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u662f nullptr\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u5757\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f52\u8fd8\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff1b\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u672c\u8eab\u533a\u5206\uff1a\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u91ce\u5185\u5b58<\/strong>\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      cpp<\/div>\n
                      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
                      <\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \/\/ list\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4f2a\u5b9e\u73b0\r\ntemplate<class T>\r\nstruct __list_iterator {\r\n    __list_node<T>* _M_node; \/\/ \u5185\u90e8\u5c31\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\r\n};<\/pre>\n
                       <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \u8282\u70b9\u88ab erase \u4e4b\u540e delete _M_node<\/code>\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u91cc\u9762\u5b58\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u90a3\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u5df2\u7ecf\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6548\u3002\u65e0\u6cd5\u9760\u6307\u9488\u503c\u5224\u65ad\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \u90a3\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u624b\u6bb5\u95f4\u63a5\u505a\u6821\u9a8c\uff1f\uff08\u4ec5\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u751f\u4ea7\u4f7f\u7528\uff09<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \u65b9\u6cd5 1\uff1a\u5bf9\u6bd4\u662f\u5426\u7b49\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff08\u53ea\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u573a\u666f\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \u53ea\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u662f\u5426\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a list\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab erase \u5220\u9664<\/strong>\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      cpp<\/div>\n
                      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
                      <\/div>\n
                      \n
                      std::list<int> lst{10,20,30};\r\nauto it = lst.begin();\r\nlst.erase(it);\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u274c\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u5224\u65ad\u6beb\u65e0\u7528\u5904\r\nif(it != lst.end()){\r\n    \/\/ it\u5df2\u7ecf\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u4f46it != end() \u53ef\u80fd\u4f9d\u7136\u6210\u7acb\uff0cUB\r\n}<\/pre>\n
                       <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \u8282\u70b9\u5df2\u7ecf delete\uff0cit \u662f\u91ce\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u62ff\u91ce\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u505a\u6bd4\u8f83\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f UB\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \u65b9\u6cd5 2\uff1a\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\uff08gdb\/lldb\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \u8c03\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u770b\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u7684 _M_node<\/code> \u6307\u9488\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                        \n
                      • \u5982\u679c\u6307\u5411\u5df2\u7ecf free \u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\uff1b\n
                        <\/div>\n
                        \u53ea\u80fd\u5f00\u53d1\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
                        \n
                        \u65b9\u6cd5 3\uff1a\u81ea\u5df1\u5305\u88c5\uff0c\u5e26\u6807\u8bb0\uff08\u751f\u4ea7\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u5f00\u9500\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
                        \n
                        \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u68c0\u6d4b\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u5c01\u88c5\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u6d3b\u6807\u8bb0\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                        \n
                        \n
                        \n
                        \n
                        \n
                        \n
                        cpp<\/div>\n
                        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                        \n
                        \u8fd0\u884c<\/div>\n
                        <\/div>\n
                        \n
                        struct Node {\r\n    int val;\r\n    bool alive = true;\r\n    Node* prev, *next;\r\n};\r\n\/\/ erase\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e alive=false;<\/pre>\n
                         <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                        \n
                        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                        \n
                        \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4fdd\u5b58 Node*\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u524d\u5148\u68c0\u67e5 node->alive<\/code>\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                        \n
                        \n
                        \n
                        \u4ee3\u4ef7\uff1a\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u5199\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u653e\u5f03 std::list\u3002STL \u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
                        \n
                        \u2705\u6b63\u786e\u5de5\u7a0b\u505a\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
                        \n
                        \u6838\u5fc3\u51c6\u5219\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                        \n
                          \n
                        1. \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u53ea\u5728\u9501\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u4e0d\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5185\u77ed\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        2. \u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\u8de8\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u8de8\u9501\u91ca\u653e\u3001\u8de8\u5f02\u6b65\u56de\u8c03\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
                        3. \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u8c03\u7528 find()<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u65b0\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u590d\u7528\u65e7\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
                          \n
                          \n
                          \n
                          \u56de\u5230\u4f60\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 TTL \u7f13\u5b58\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
                          <\/div>\n
                          \u539f\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\uff1aunlock \u91ca\u653e\u9501\u4e4b\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u4fdd\u7559 map \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 it<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n
                          <\/div>\n
                          \u5373\u4f7f std::map erase \u53ea\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\u88ab\u5220\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff1b\u4f46\u522b\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5 erase \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0cit \u53d8\u6210\u91ce\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad it \u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u6d3b\u7740\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u91ca\u653e\u9501\u4e4b\u540e\u4e22\u5f03 it\uff0c\u4e0b\u6b21\u91cd\u65b0 find\u3002<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
                          \n
                          \u8865\u5145\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5404\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
                          \n
                          \n
                          \n
                          \u8868\u683c<\/div>\n
                          \n
                          <\/div>\n
                          <\/div>\n
                          <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                          \n
                          \n
                          \n
                          \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                          \u5bb9\u5668<\/th>\n\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5185\u90e8<\/th>\n\u80fd\u5426\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5224\u65ad\u5931\u6548<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                          std::list<\/code><\/td>\n\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488<\/td>\n\u274c\u4e0d\u80fd\uff0c\u91ce\u6307\u9488\u4e0d\u4e3a nullptr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          std::map<\/code><\/td>\n\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488<\/td>\n\u274c\u4e0d\u80fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          std::vector<\/code><\/td>\n\u8fde\u7eed\u5185\u5b58\u6307\u9488<\/td>\n\u274c\u4e0d\u80fd\uff1b\u5931\u6548\u540e\u6307\u9488\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5730\u5740<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          unordered_map<\/code><\/td>\n\u54c8\u5e0c\u6876\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488<\/td>\n\u274c\u4e0d\u80fd\uff0crehash \u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u68c0\u6d4b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                          \n
                          \u7b80\u77ed\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
                          \n
                            \n
                          1. STL \u6ca1\u6709 API \u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u662f\u5426\u5931\u6548\u3002\u6ca1\u6709 is_valid ()\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n
                          2. list \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\uff1b\u8282\u70b9\u88ab delete \u4e4b\u540e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u53d8\u6210\u91ce\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u9488\u672c\u8eab\u975e\u7a7a\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b\u3002<\/li>\n
                          3. \u4e0d\u8981\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff1b\u8de8\u9501\u3001\u8de8\u5f02\u6b65\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4e22\u5f03\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c31\u91cd\u65b0 find\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n
                          4. \u5931\u6548\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u662f UB\uff0c\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
                            \n
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                            \n
                            \u6269\u5c55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5751\uff1a\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8bef\u4ee5\u4e3a list \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u522b\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b erase \u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u540e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u91ce\u6389\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                            \u6838\u5fc3\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 \/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-value_docs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7679","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7679"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7679\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7699,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7679\/revisions\/7699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7679"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7679"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}