{"id":879,"date":"2017-12-25T21:13:42","date_gmt":"2017-12-25T13:13:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damogame.cn:15443\/wordpress\/?p=879"},"modified":"2017-12-25T21:13:42","modified_gmt":"2017-12-25T13:13:42","slug":"39%e6%9d%a1%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81%e7%9a%84linux%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/879","title":{"rendered":"39\u6761\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u95ee\u9898"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"PostIndex-header av-paddingTop av-card\" data-zop=\"{&quot;authorName&quot;:&quot;\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5916\u661f\u4eba\u541b&quot;,&quot;itemId&quot;:&quot;32250942&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;39\u6761\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b80\u5355\u9762\u8bd5\u9898&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;article&quot;}\" data-za-module=\"PostItem\" data-za-module-info=\"{&quot;card&quot;:{&quot;content&quot;:{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Post&quot;,&quot;token&quot;:&quot;32250942&quot;}}}\">\n<h1 class=\"PostIndex-title av-paddingSide av-titleFont\">39\u6761\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u95ee\u9898<\/h1>\n<div class=\"PostIndex-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/people\/diqiuyo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"Avatar-hemingway PostIndex-authorAvatar Avatar--xs\" src=\"https:\/\/pic3.zhimg.com\/2cc31be3c2d936782ba4d34d0547b630_xs.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pic3.zhimg.com\/2cc31be3c2d936782ba4d34d0547b630_l.jpg 2x\" alt=\"\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5916\u661f\u4eba\u541b\" \/><\/a><a class=\"PostIndex-authorName\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/people\/diqiuyo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5916\u661f\u4eba\u541b<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"HoverTitle\" data-hover-title=\"2017 \u5e74 12\u6708 22 \u65e5\u661f\u671f\u4e94\u4e2d\u5348 12 \u70b9 01 \u5206\"><time datetime=\"Fri Dec 22 2017 12:01:23 GMT+0800 (CST)\">3 \u5929\u524d<\/time><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"RichText PostIndex-content av-paddingSide av-card\">\n<p><b>1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f53\u524dLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u51e0\u9897\u7269\u7406CPU\u548c\u6bcf\u9897CPU\u7684\u6838\u6570\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">[root@centos6 ~ 10:55 #35]# cat \/proc\/cpuinfo|grep -c 'physical id'\r\n4\r\n[root@centos6 ~ 10:56 #36]# cat \/proc\/cpuinfo|grep -c 'processor'\r\n4\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>2<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u662f\u54ea\u4e24\u4e2a\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u8868\u793a\u4ec0\u4e48\u542b\u4e49\u5462\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">[root@centos6 ~ 10:56 #37]# w\r\n10:57:38 up 14 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00\r\nUSER     TTY      FROM              LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT\r\nroot     pts\/0    192.168.147.1    18:44    0.00s  0.10s  0.00s w\r\n[root@centos6 ~ 10:57 #38]# uptime\r\n10:57:47 up 14 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2dload average\u5373\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u3001\u4e94\u5206\u949f\u3001\u5341\u4e94\u5206\u949f\u5185\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u5373\u5e73\u5747\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>3<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>vmstat r, b, si, so, bi, bo \u8fd9\u51e0\u5217\u8868\u793a\u4ec0\u4e48\u542b\u4e49\u5462\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">[root@centos6 ~ 10:57 #39]# vmstat\r\nprocs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu-----\r\nr  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa st\r\n0  0      0 1783964  13172 106056    0    0    29     7   15   11  0  0 99  0  0\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>r\u5373running\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u8dd1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6570<\/li>\n<li>b\u5373blocked\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6570<\/li>\n<li>si\u8868\u793a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u8bfb\u5165\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<li>so\u8868\u793a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u5199\u5165\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a<\/li>\n<li>bi\u8868\u793a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5165\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<li>bo\u8868\u793a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7b80\u8bb0\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>i &#8211;input\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<li>o &#8211;output\uff0c\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u51fa\u53bb<\/li>\n<li>s &#8211;swap\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a<\/li>\n<li>b &#8211;block\uff0c\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5355\u4f4d\u90fd\u662fKB<\/p>\n<p><b>4<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\uff0c\u60a8\u77e5\u9053buffer\u548ccache\u5982\u4f55\u533a\u5206\u5417\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>buffer\u548ccache\u90fd\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5f53CPU\u9700\u8981\u5199\u6570\u636e\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u78c1\u76d8\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5CPU\u5148\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u8fdbbuffer\uff0c\u7136\u540eCPU\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u52a1\uff0cbuffer\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\uff1b\u5f53CPU\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u78c1\u76d8\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5373\u5c06\u7528\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u524d\u5b58\u5165cache\uff0cCPU\u76f4\u63a5\u4eceCache\u4e2d\u62ff\u6570\u636e\u8981\u5feb\u7684\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>5<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u4f7f\u7528top\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u54ea\u4e00\u5217\u8868\u793a\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u5462\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND\r\n301 root      20   0     0    0    0 S  0.3  0.0   0:00.08 jbd2\/sda3-8\r\n1 root      20   0  2900 1428 1216 S  0.0  0.1   0:01.28 init\r\n2 root      20   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kthreadd\r\n3 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 migration\/0\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>VIRT\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u91cf<\/li>\n<li>RES\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u91cf<\/li>\n<li>SHR\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u91cf<\/li>\n<li>%MEM\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u91cf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>6<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u91cf\u4e3a\u591a\u5c11\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u5386\u53f2\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u91cf\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5sysstat\u5305\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528sar\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">yum install -y sysstat#\u5b89\u88c5sysstat\u5305\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97sar\u547d\u4ee4\r\nsar -n DEV#\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba410\u5206\u949f\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\r\nsar -n DEV 1 10#\u4e00\u79d2\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u663e\u793a10\u6b21\r\nsar -n DEV -f \/var\/log\/sa\/sa22#\u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9a\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u65e5\u5fd7\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>7<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>ps -aux \u6216\u8005ps -elf<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">[root@centos6 ~ 13:20 #56]# ps -aux\r\nWarning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See \/usr\/share\/doc\/procps-3.2.8\/FAQ\r\nUSER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND\r\nroot         1  0.0  0.0   2900  1428 ?        Ss   10:43   0:01 \/sbin\/init\r\nroot         2  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    10:43   0:00 [kthreadd]\r\nroot         3  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    10:43   0:00 [migration\/0]\r\nroot         4  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    10:43   0:00 [ksoftirqd\/0]\r\n\u2026\u2026\r\n[root@centos6 ~ 13:21 #57]# ps -elf\r\nF S UID        PID  PPID  C PRI  NI ADDR SZ WCHAN  STIME TTY          TIME CMD\r\n4 S root         1     0  0  80   0 -   725 -      10:43 ?        00:00:01 \/sbin\/init\r\n1 S root         2     0  0  80   0 -     0 -      10:43 ?        00:00:00 [kthreadd]\r\n1 S root         3     2  0 -40   - -     0 -      10:43 ?        00:00:00 [migration\/0]\r\n1 S root         4     2  0  80   0 -     0 -      10:43 ?        00:00:00 [ksoftirqd\/0]\r\n1 S root         5     2  0 -40   - -     0 -      10:43 ?        00:00:00 [migration\/0]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>8<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>ps \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u5217\u4e3aSTAT\uff0c \u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684stat\u4e3aSs \u8868\u793a\u4ec0\u4e48\u542b\u4e49\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4e3aZ\u8868\u793a\u4ec0\u4e48\u542b\u4e49\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1aS\u8868\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u4f11\u7720\uff1bs\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1bZ\u8868\u793a\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>9<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u7aef\u53e3\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">[root@centos6 ~ 13:20 #55]# netstat -lnp\r\nActive Internet connections (only servers)\r\nProto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID\/Program name\r\ntcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1035\/sshd\r\ntcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      1035\/sshd\r\nudp        0      0 0.0.0.0:68                  0.0.0.0:*                               931\/dhclient\r\nActive UNIX domain sockets (only servers)\r\nProto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node PID\/Program name    Path\r\nunix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     6825   1\/init              @\/com\/ubuntu\/upstart\r\nunix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     8429   1003\/dbus-daemon    \/var\/run\/dbus\/system_bus_socket\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>10<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u51b5\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">[root@centos6 ~ 13:22 #58]# netstat -an\r\nActive Internet connections (servers and established)\r\nProto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State\r\ntcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN\r\ntcp        0      0 192.168.147.130:22          192.168.147.1:23893         ESTABLISHED\r\ntcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN\r\nudp        0      0 0.0.0.0:68                  0.0.0.0:*\r\n\u2026\u2026\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>11<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u60f3\u4fee\u6539ip\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8f91\u54ea\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u4f7f\u914d\u7f6e\u751f\u6548\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528vi\u6216\u8005vim\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7f16\u8f91\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcft-eth0\uff08\u5982\u679c\u662feth1\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3aifcft-eth1\uff09\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">DEVICE=eth0\r\nHWADDR=00:0C:29:06:37:BA\r\nTYPE=Ethernet\r\nUUID=0eea1820-1fe8-4a80-a6f0-39b3d314f8da\r\nONBOOT=yes\r\nNM_CONTROLLED=yes\r\nBOOTPROTO=static\r\nIPADDR=192.168.147.130\r\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0\r\nGATEWAY=192.168.147.2\r\nDNS1=192.168.147.2\r\nDNS2=8.8.8.8\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u7f51\u5361\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u5361\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">ifdown eth0\r\nifup eth0\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">service network restart\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>12<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u80fd\u5426\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2aIP? \u5982\u679c\u80fd\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u914d\u7f6e\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2aIP\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">cat \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth0#\u67e5\u770beth0\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\r\nDEVICE=eth0\r\nHWADDR=00:0C:29:06:37:BA\r\nTYPE=Ethernet\r\nUUID=0eea1820-1fe8-4a80-a6f0-39b3d314f8da\r\nONBOOT=yes\r\nNM_CONTROLLED=yes\r\nBOOTPROTO=static\r\nIPADDR=192.168.147.130\r\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0\r\nGATEWAY=192.168.147.2\r\nDNS1=192.168.147.2\r\nDNS2=8.8.8.8\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aifcfg-eth0:1\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">cp \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth0 \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth0:1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth0:1\r\nDEVICE=eth0:1\r\nHWADDR=00:0C:29:06:37:BA\r\nTYPE=Ethernet\r\nUUID=0eea1820-1fe8-4a80-a6f0-39b3d314f8da\r\nONBOOT=yes\r\nNM_CONTROLLED=yes\r\nBOOTPROTO=static\r\nIPADDR=192.168.147.133\r\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0\r\nGATEWAY=192.168.147.2\r\nDNS1=192.168.147.2\r\nDNS2=8.8.8.8\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">service network restart\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>13<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u662f\u5426\u8fde\u63a5\u7740\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1amii-tool eth0 \u6216\u8005 mii-tool eth1<\/p>\n<p><b>14<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1f\u8981\u60f3\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u4f9d\u65e7\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u54ea\u4e2a\u914d \u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5462\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">hostname\r\ncentos6.5\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">hostname centos6.5-1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6c38\u4e45\u751f\u6548\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/network\r\nNETWORKING=yes\r\nHOSTNAME=centos6.5-1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>15<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u8bbe\u7f6eDNS\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u54ea\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u5728\u6587\u4ef6 \/etc\/resolv.conf \u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6eDNS<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u5728\u6587\u4ef6 \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth0 \u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6eDNS<\/p>\n<p><b>16<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u4f7f\u7528iptables \u5199\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u628a\u6765\u6e90IP\u4e3a192.168.1.101\u8bbf\u95ee\u672c\u673a80\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5305\u76f4\u63a5\u62d2\u7edd<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">iptables -I INPUT -s 192.168.1.101 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REJECT\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>17<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u8981\u60f3\u628aiptable\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u505a\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u6062\u590d\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528iptables-save\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">iptables-save &gt; 1.ipt\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528iptables-restore\u53cd\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u56de\u6765\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">iptables-restore &lt; 1.ipt\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>18<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5982\u4f55\u5907\u4efd\u67d0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8ba1\u5212\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u5c06\/var\/spool\/cron\/\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8ba1\u5212\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u5907\u4efd\u76ee\u5f55cron_bak\/\u4e0b\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">cp \/var\/spool\/cron\/rachy \/tmp\/bak\/cron_bak\/\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>19<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u4efb\u52a1\u8ba1\u5212\u683c\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u524d\u97625\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5206\u8868\u8868\u793a\u4ec0\u4e48\u542b\u4e49\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u4f9d\u6b21\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u5206\u3001\u65f6\u3001\u65e5\u3001\u6708\u3001\u5468<\/p>\n<p><b>20<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5982\u4f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5173\u6389\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff1antsysv<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">chkconfig servicename off\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>21<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5047\u5982\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u4e3a nginx\uff09\u53ea\u57283,5\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u5f00\u542f\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7ea7\u522b\u5173\u95ed\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u5148\u5173\u95ed\u6240\u6709\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">chkconfig nginx off\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u6253\u5f0035\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">chkconfig --level 35 nginx on\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>22<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>rsync \u540c\u6b65\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u540c\u5462\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">(1) rsync -av  \/dira\/  ip:\/dirb\/\r\n(2) rsync -av  \/dira\/  ip::dirb\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a(1)\u524d\u8005\u662f\u901a\u8fc7ssh\u65b9\u5f0f\u540c\u6b65\u7684<\/p>\n<p>(2)\u540e\u8005\u662f\u901a\u8fc7rsync\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u540c\u6b65\u7684<\/p>\n<p><b>23<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>rsync \u540c\u6b65\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u6e90\u4e2d\u6709\u8f6f\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u8f6f\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\u540c\u6b65\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u540c\u6b65\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u52a0-L\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n<p><b>24<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u67d0\u4e2a\u8d26\u53f7\u767b\u9646linux\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\/var\/log\/secure\u4e2d\uff0c\u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\/var\/log\/wtmp\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>25<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u7f51\u5361\u6216\u8005\u786c\u76d8\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4dmesg<\/p>\n<p><b>26<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5206\u522b\u4f7f\u7528xargs\u548cexec\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u628a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u540e\u7f00\u540d\u4e3a.txt\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a777<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">\uff081\uff09find .\/ -type f -name \"*.txt\" |xargs chmod 777\r\n\uff082\uff09find .\/ -type f -name \"*.txt\" -exec chmod 777 {} ;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>27<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc72\u5929\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u89c2\u5bdf\u811a\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528screen\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n<p><b>28<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u6309\u7167\u4e0b\u9762\u8981\u6c42\u6293\u5305\uff1a\u53ea\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u8bbf\u95eehttp\u670d\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u76ee\u6807ip\u4e3a192.168.0.111\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u62931000\u4e2a\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4fdd\u5b58\u52301.cap\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">tcpdump -nn -s0 host 192.168.0.111 and port 80 -c 1000 -w 1.cap\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>29<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>rsync \u540c\u6b65\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u6240\u6709.txt\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\u6b65\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u52a0\u4e0a&#8211;exclude\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">--exclude=\u201c*.txt\u201d\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>30<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>rsync\u540c\u6b65\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u6bd4\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd8\u65b0\uff0c\u5219\u5ffd\u7565\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u505a\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u4fdd\u7559\u66f4\u65b0\u4f7f\u7528-u\u6216\u8005&#8211;update\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n<p><b>31<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u60f3\u5728Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u7f51\u7ad9\u57df\u540d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u505a\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u5728\/etc\/hosts\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u4ece\u8be5\u7f51\u7ad9\u57df\u540d\u5230\u5176IP\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u8bb0\u5f55\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528curl -x<\/p>\n<p><b>32<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89e3\u6790\u57df\u540d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8f91\u54ea\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2aip\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u4e2aip\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/hosts ,\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2aip\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2aip<\/p>\n<p><b>33<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u4e24\u5929\u524d\u7684\uff09\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">sar -q -f \/var\/log\/sa\/sa22  #\u67e5\u770b22\u53f7\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>34<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5728Linux\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u6307\u5b9adns\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u67d0\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528dig\u547d\u4ee4\uff1adig @DNSip\u00a0<a class=\" external\" href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=http%3A\/\/domain.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"invisible\">http:\/\/<\/span><span class=\"visible\">domain.com<\/span><i class=\"icon-external\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">dig @8.8.8.8 www.baidu.com#\u4f7f\u7528\u8c37\u6b4cDNS\u89e3\u6790\u767e\u5ea6\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>35<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u4f7f\u7528rsync\u540c\u6b65\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662fssh\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668\u7684sshd\u7aef\u53e3\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u768422\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u505a\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">rsync \"--rsh=ssh -p 10022\"\u6216\u8005rsync -e \"ssh -p 10022\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>36<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>rsync\u540c\u6b65\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u6807\u6570\u636e\u591a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5373\u6e90\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u6807\u5374\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u52a0\u4e0a&#8211;delete\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n<p><b>37<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u4f7f\u7528free\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u54ea\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u8868\u793a\u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u91cf\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1afree\u5217\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u7684\u503c<\/p>\n<p><b>38<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u4f60\u7a81\u7136\u53d1\u73b0\u516c\u53f8\u7f51\u7ad9\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\u53d8\u7684\u5f88\u6162\u5f88\u6162\uff0c\u4f60\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u767b\u9646\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548c\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u91cf\u5165\u624b\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5165\u624b\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528w\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u8005uptime\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528top\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770bCPU\uff0cMEM\u7b49\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662fCPU\u7e41\u5fd9\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e8c\u8005\u90fd\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u518d\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528sar\u547d\u4ee4\u5206\u6790\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u5206\u6790\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u5982\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u6740\u6b7b\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7981\u6b62\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bbf\u95ee\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>39<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>rsync\u4f7f\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5e94\u8be5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u591a\u5c11\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a600\u6216400<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u4f60\u60f3\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u5b66\u4e60Linux\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u82b1\u8d39\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u6708\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u4e0a\u767e\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u51e0\u767e\u4e2a\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u4f53\u7cfb\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a class=\" wrap external\" href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=http%3A\/\/www.magedu.com\/74163.html%3Flinux_wenzhang_zhihu_jinke_39gelinuxxitongjichumiansiti_32250942\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">\u3010\u8d85\u5168\u6574\u7406\u3011\u300aLinux\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u7cbe\u901a\u300blinux\u5b66\u4e60\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b\u7cfb\u5217\u5b9e\u6218\u7b14\u8bb0\u5168\u653e\u9001<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>39\u6761\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u95ee\u9898 \u5730\u7403\u7684\u5916<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[121],"class_list":["post-879","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-value_docs","tag-05-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/879","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=879"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/879\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=879"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=879"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=879"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}