{"id":896,"date":"2018-01-06T22:54:57","date_gmt":"2018-01-06T14:54:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/damogame.cn:15443\/wordpress\/?p=896"},"modified":"2018-01-06T22:54:57","modified_gmt":"2018-01-06T14:54:57","slug":"%e5%bf%ab%e9%80%9f%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0bash","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/archives\/896","title":{"rendered":"\u5feb\u901f\u5b66\u4e60Bash"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"PostIndex-header av-paddingTop av-card\" data-zop=\"{&quot;authorName&quot;:&quot;Vamei&quot;,&quot;itemId&quot;:&quot;32692644&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;\u5feb\u901f\u5b66\u4e60Bash&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;article&quot;}\" data-za-detail-view-path-module=\"PostItem\" data-za-extra-module=\"{&quot;card&quot;:{&quot;content&quot;:{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Post&quot;,&quot;token&quot;:&quot;32692644&quot;}}}\">\n<h1 class=\"PostIndex-title av-paddingSide av-titleFont\">\u5feb\u901f\u5b66\u4e60Bash<\/h1>\n<div class=\"PostIndex-author\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/people\/vamei\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"Avatar-hemingway PostIndex-authorAvatar Avatar--xs\" src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-ad759f09d7117c19feb14665c0bc8fc9_xs.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-ad759f09d7117c19feb14665c0bc8fc9_l.jpg 2x\" alt=\"Vamei\" \/><\/a><a class=\"PostIndex-authorName\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/people\/vamei\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vamei<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"HoverTitle\" data-hover-title=\"2018 \u5e74 1\u6708 6 \u65e5\u661f\u671f\u516d\u665a\u4e0a 7 \u70b9 32 \u5206\"><time datetime=\"Sat Jan 06 2018 19:32:42 GMT+0800 (CST)\">3 \u5c0f\u65f6\u524d<\/time><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"RichText PostIndex-content av-paddingSide av-card\">\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aVamei\uff0c\u4e25\u7981\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f6c\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Shell\u662fLinux\u4e0b\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u6587\u672c\u4e92\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800cBash\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cdShell\u3002\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86Bash\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>1. Shell\u7efc\u8ff0<\/h2>\n<p>Linux\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u684c\u9762\u7b97\u4e0d\u4e0a\u7cbe\u7f8e\u3002\u5e78\u597d\uff0cLinux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4e0e\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1aShell\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\uff08Terminal\uff09\uff0c\u684c\u9762\u4e0a\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u8272\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5c31\u8fd0\u884c\u7740\u4e00\u4e2aShell\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6572\u51fb\u952e\u76d8\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5b57\u7b26\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5728$\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e32\u6587\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684Shell\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u4e92\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002Shell\u5206\u6790\u4f60\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u6587\u672c\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7528$\u6765\u8868\u793aLinux\u7cfb\u7edfShell\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u8f93\u5165date\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$date<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>date\u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6572\u51fb\u56de\u8f66\u952eEnter\u540e\uff0cShell\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Shell\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u7b80\u964b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6bd4\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u684c\u9762\u5f3a\u5927\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u5b83\u662fUnix\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u672c\u4ea4\u4e92\u754c\u9762\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7528\u952e\u76d8\u6765\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u5177\u4f53\u3002\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\uff0cShell\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u7740\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4f60\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$free<\/span> -h\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5305\u62ec\u7a7a\u683c\u5728\u5185\u603b\u51717\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002Shell\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u533a\u5206\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u3002\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u9009\u9879\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cShell\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u662f&#8221;-&#8220;\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e86\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\uff0cShell\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u8981\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u5728\u620f\u5267\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u6f14\u5458\u6309\u7167\u811a\u672c\u6f14\u620f\u3002Shell\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Shell\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570\uff08built-in function\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff08executable file\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u522b\u540d\uff08alias\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Shell\u7684\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570\u662fShell\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728Shell\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002Shell\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6765\u544a\u8bc9Shell\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u662f\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u51fa\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48Shell\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u5f84\u3002Shell\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\uff0cShell\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u9f50\u4e86\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7which\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$which<\/span> date\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u522b\u540d\u662f\u7ed9\u67d0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u79f0\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u5728Shell\u4e2d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u79f0\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5728Shell\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528alias\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u522b\u540d\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$alias<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">freak<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"free -h\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Shell\u4f1a\u8bb0\u4f4f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u522b\u540d\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4ee5\u540e\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2aShell\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4freak\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u5c06\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165free -h\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Shell\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7type\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48type\u5c06\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$type<\/span> date\r\n<span class=\"nv\">$type<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">pwd<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cShell\u5c31\u662f\u6839\u636e\u7a7a\u683c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u6765\u8ba9\u7535\u8111\u7406\u89e3\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u7528\u6237\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5c06\u770b\u5230Shell\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>2. Shell\u7684\u9009\u62e9<\/h2>\n<p>Shell\u662f\u6587\u672c\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7edf\u79f0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u79cdShell\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Shell\u6709sh\u3001bash\u3001ksh\u3001rsh\u3001csh\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86sh\u548cbash\u4e24\u4e2aShell\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3002sh\u7684\u5168\u540d\u662fBourne Shell\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u4e2d\u7684\u73bb\u6069\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2aShell\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u3002\u800cbash\u7684\u5168\u540d\u662fBourne Again Shell\u3002\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u5728Unix\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u662fsh\uff0c\u800cbash\u4f5c\u4e3ash\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u90fd\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528bash\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684Shell\u3002\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b89\u88c5sh\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u517c\u5bb9\u5386\u53f2\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7684Shell\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">$echo $SHELL\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>echo\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6587\u672c\u3002\u800c$\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Shell\u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u793aShell\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u968f\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002Shell\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u627e\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\u5230\u53d8\u91cf\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002SHELL\u53d8\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684Shell\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728bash\u4e2d\u7528sh\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8sh\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528exit\u547d\u4ee4\u4ece\u4e2d\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>3. \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u9009\u9879\u548c\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e00\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u91cc\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u7740\u9009\u9879\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9009\u9879\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$uname<\/span> -m\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u9879-m\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u547d\u4ee4uname\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4uname\u8f93\u51fa\u4e86\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\u7684CPU\u578b\u53f7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0cuname\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5c06\u662f&#8221;Linux&#8221;\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u59a8\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u770b\u505a\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u745e\u58eb\u519b\u5200\uff0c\u800c\u9009\u9879\u8ba9\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u95f4\u5207\u6362\u3002\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a&#8221;-&#8220;\u5f15\u9886\u4e00\u4e2a\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u6210\u4e3a\u77ed\u9009\u9879\u3002\u591a\u4e2a\u77ed\u9009\u9879\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8ddf\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a&#8221;-&#8220;\u540e\u9762\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u7b49\u4ef7\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$uname<\/span> -m -r\r\n<span class=\"nv\">$uname<\/span> -mr\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u957f\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u662f\u7528&#8221;&#8211;&#8220;\u5f15\u9886\u4e00\u6574\u4e2a\u82f1\u6587\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$date<\/span> --version\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8f93\u51fadate\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u9009\u9879\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u745e\u58eb\u519b\u5200\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u745e\u58eb\u519b\u5200\u53d1\u6325\u7528\u573a\u7684\u539f\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5c31\u62ffecho\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u628a\u5b57\u7b26\u6253\u5370\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002\u5b83\u9009\u62e9\u6253\u5370\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> hello\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9009\u9879\u4e5f\u4f1a\u643a\u5e26\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u9009\u9879\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u539f\u6750\u6599\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$sudo<\/span> date --set<span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"1999-01-01 08:00:00\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u9009\u9879&#8221;&#8211;set&#8221;\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7528\u7b49\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002date\u4f1a\u628a\u65e5\u671f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d8\u91cf\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u77ed\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u8981\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u53d6\u4ee3\u7b49\u53f7\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$sudo<\/span> date -s <span class=\"s2\">\"1999-01-01 08:00:00\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cShell\u5bf9\u7a7a\u683c\u654f\u611f\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u6574\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7a7a\u683c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5f15\u53f7\u628a\u53c2\u6570\u5305\u88f9\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbfShell\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u9009\u9879\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u62ff\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u547d\u4ee4\u81ea\u5df1\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5f02\u7684\u9009\u9879\u6216\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u8981\u4ece\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>4. \u53d8\u91cf<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Bash\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002Bash\u4f1a\u628a\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u8282\u8d77\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u770b\u5230Bash\u7684\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u6027\u3002Bash\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eC\u8bed\u8a00\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6765\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u770bBash\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5728C\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u513f\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u501f\u52a9\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u7528\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002Bash\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46Bash\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u53ea\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>1\uff09\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Bash\u548cC\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7528\u201c=\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8d4b\u503c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span>World\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6587\u672cWorld\u5b58\u5165\u540d\u4e3avar\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u8d4b\u503c\u3002\u6839\u636eBash\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u53f7\u201c=\u201d\u7684\u524d\u540e\u4e0d\u7559\u7a7a\u683c\u3002\u8d4b\u503c\u53f7\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u5b58\u5165\u8d4b\u503c\u53f7\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u6216\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u6765\u5305\u88f9\u6587\u672c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'abc bcd'<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6216\u8005\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"abc bcd\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5728Bash\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6587\u672c\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u4e88\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$now<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>date<span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u501f\u52a9&#8220;\u7b26\u53f7\uff0cdate\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5b58\u5165\u4e86\u53d8\u91cfnow\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$another<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>2\uff09\u5f15\u7528\u53d8\u91cf<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528$var\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5728Bash\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span>World\r\n<span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5c31\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u51faWorld\uff0c\u5373\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Bash\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u53d8\u91cf\u3002Bash\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> Hello<span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6587\u672c\u5c06\u6253\u5370\u51faHelloWorld\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u548c\u5c3e\u968f\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6587\u672c\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u7528${}\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$varIsGood<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8eBash\u4e2d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709varIsGood\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5Bash\u5c06\u6253\u5370\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u6539\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> <span class=\"si\">${<\/span><span class=\"nv\">var<\/span><span class=\"si\">}<\/span>IsGood\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bash\u901a\u8fc7${}\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u53d8\u91cfvar\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6700\u7ec8echo\u547d\u4ee4\u6253\u5370\u51faWorldIsGood\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Bash\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u628a\u4e00\u6bb5\u5305\u542b\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5f53\u505a\u5355\u4e00\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u6216\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"Hello <\/span><span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5c06\u6253\u5370Hello World\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u5bf9\uff0cBash\u4f1a\u5ffd\u89c6\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u53ea\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f53\u505a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'Hello $var'<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5c06\u6253\u5370Hello $var\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>5. \u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728Bash\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u90fd\u88ab\u5f53\u505a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u672c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u50cfC\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\u4fbf\u6377\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$result<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span>1+2\r\n<span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$result<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Bash\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5b83\u53ea\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u6587\u672c\u201c1+2\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Bash\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7$(())\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5728\u53cc\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5165\u6574\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u4e58\u9664\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002Bash\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u6bd4\u5982<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> <span class=\"k\">$((<\/span><span class=\"m\">2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"o\">(<\/span><span class=\"m\">5<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"m\">2<\/span><span class=\"k\">))<\/span><span class=\"o\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5c06\u6253\u5370\u8fd0\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c12\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728$(())\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span>1\r\n<span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> <span class=\"k\">$((<\/span><span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"o\">(<\/span><span class=\"m\">5<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"m\">2<\/span><span class=\"k\">))<\/span><span class=\"o\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5c06\u6253\u5370\u8fd0\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528Bash\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u79cd\u6574\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u52a0\u6cd5\uff1a$(( 1 + 6 ))\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u51cf\u6cd5\uff1a$(( 5 \u2013 3 ))\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a2\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e58\u6cd5\uff1a$(( 2*2 ))\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9664\u6cd5\uff1a$(( 9\/3 ))\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a3\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6c42\u4f59\uff1a$(( 5%3 ))\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a2\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e58\u65b9\uff1a$(( 2**3 ))\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u5b58\u5165\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$result<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"k\">$((<\/span> <span class=\"m\">1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"m\">2<\/span> <span class=\"k\">))<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2>6. \u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u6309\u7167Linux\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u6574\u65700\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cC\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de0\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5728C\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2dmain\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u53e5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684foo.c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-c\"><span class=\"kt\">int<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">main<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"kt\">void<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"p\">{<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"kt\">int<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"kt\">int<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"kt\">int<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\r\n\r\n  <span class=\"n\">a<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"n\">b<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\r\n\r\n  <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"p\">}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u53e5\u6267\u884creturn\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u662f0\u3002\u5728Shell\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7$?\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u83b7\u77e5\u8fd4\u56de\u7801\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$gcc<\/span> foo.c\r\n$.\/a.out\r\n<span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$?<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u975e0\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$rm<\/span> none_exist.file\r\n<span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$?<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$touch<\/span> demo.file<span class=\"p\">;<\/span> ls<span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5728\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u53c2\u8003\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd4\u56de\u6210\u529f\u4ee3\u78010\uff0c\u624d\u8ba9\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$rm<\/span> demo.file <span class=\"o\">&amp;&amp;<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"rm succeed\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5982\u679crm\u547d\u4ee4\u987a\u5229\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2aecho\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u662f\u7b49\u5230\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u624d\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$rm<\/span> demo.file <span class=\"o\">||<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"rm fail\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5982\u679crm\u547d\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2aecho\u547d\u4ee4\u624d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>7. Bash\u811a\u672c<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u591a\u884c\u7684Bash\u547d\u4ee4\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6240\u8c13\u7684Bash\u811a\u672c\u3002\u5f53Bash\u811a\u672c\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0cShell\u5c06\u9010\u884c\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u7f16\u5199Bash\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u73b0Bash\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>1\uff09\u811a\u672c\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2aBash\u811a\u672chello_world.bash\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> Hello\r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> World\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u811a\u672c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684Shell\uff0c\u5373\/bin\/bash\u8def\u5f84\u7684Bash\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u811a\u672c\u6b63\u6587\u662f\u4e24\u884cecho\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">$.\/hello_world.bash\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u6267\u884cBash\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884cBash\u811a\u672c\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u66f4\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u5176\u4ed6\u8eab\u4efd\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3002\u5f53\u811a\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e24\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u6309\u7167\u7531\u4e0a\u81f3\u4e0b\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u3002Shell\u5c06\u6253\u5370\u4e24\u884c\u6587\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Hello<br \/>\nWorld<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Bash\u811a\u672c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u590d\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528Bash\u811a\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u590d\u5730\u8fd0\u884c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u6b21\u60f3\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u6572\u4e00\u904d\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Bash\u811a\u672chw_info.bash\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u5165\u5230\u540d\u4e3alog\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"Information of Vamei's computer:\"<\/span> &gt; log\r\nlscpu &gt;&gt; log\r\nuname \u2013a &gt;&gt; log\r\nfree \u2013h &gt;&gt; log\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>2\uff09\u811a\u672c\u53c2\u6570<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cBash\u811a\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u643a\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Bash\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4ee5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6bd4\u5982test_arg.bash:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$0<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$2<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5728Bash\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528$0\u3001$1\u3001$2\u2026\u2026\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6765\u83b7\u5f97Bash\u811a\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884cBash\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">$.\/test_arg.bash hello world\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>$0\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f.\/test_arg.bash\u3002$1\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u53c2\u6570hello\uff0c\u800c$2\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u53c2\u6570world\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u6253\u5370\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>.\/test_arg.bash<br \/>\nhello<br \/>\nworld<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u53d8\u66f4\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u6bb5\u811a\u672c\u5c06\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86Bash\u811a\u672c\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u7684hw_info.bash\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5199\u6b7b\u6210log\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"Information of Vamei's computer:\"<\/span> &gt; <span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span>\r\nlscpu &gt;&gt; <span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span> \r\nuname \u2013a &gt;&gt; <span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span> \r\nfree \u2013h &gt;&gt; <span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u501f\u52a9\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">$.\/hw_info.bash output.file\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>3\uff09\u811a\u672c\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8fd8\u662f\u6309\u7167\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u78010\u3002\u5728\u811a\u672c\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528exit\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u811a\u672c\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4fee\u6539hello_world.bash\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> Hello\r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> World\r\n<span class=\"nb\">exit<\/span> 0\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u811a\u672c\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u52a0\u4e00\u53e5exit 0\u5e76\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5982\u679c\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u78010\u3002\u5728\u811a\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7$?\u53d8\u91cf\u67e5\u8be2\u811a\u672c\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">$.\/hello_world.bash\r\n<span class=\"nv\">$echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$?<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u90e8\u51fa\u73b0exit\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5exit\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684demo_exit.bash:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> hello\r\n<span class=\"nb\">exit<\/span> <span class=\"m\">1<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> world\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>8. \u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728Bash\u4e2d\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u811a\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u6574\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u51fd\u6570\u590d\u7528\u4e86\u811a\u672c\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u811a\u672c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5982\u679c\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u54ea\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u51fd\u6570\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">function<\/span> my_info <span class=\"o\">(){<\/span>\r\n  lscpu &gt;&gt; log\r\n  uname \u2013a &gt;&gt; log\r\n  free \u2013h &gt;&gt; log\r\n<span class=\"o\">}<\/span>\r\n\r\nmy_info\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u811a\u672c\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u51fd\u6570my_info\uff0cmy_info\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5b57function\u548c\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u90fd\u63d0\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cfunction\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u811a\u672c\u7b49\u6548\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\nmy_info <span class=\"o\">(){<\/span>\r\n  lscpu &gt;&gt; log\r\n  uname \u2013a &gt;&gt; log\r\n  free \u2013h &gt;&gt; log\r\n<span class=\"o\">}<\/span>\r\n\r\nmy_info\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ea\u662f\u98df\u8c31\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u662f\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u5305\u542b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u50cf\u811a\u672c\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u643a\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528$1\u3001$2\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">function<\/span> my_info <span class=\"o\">(){<\/span>\r\n  lscpu &gt;&gt; <span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span> \r\n  uname \u2013a &gt;&gt; <span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span> \r\n  free \u2013h &gt;&gt; <span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"o\">}<\/span>\r\n\r\nmy_info output.file\r\nmy_info another_output.file\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u643a\u5e26\u4e86\u53c2\u6570output.file\u548canother_output.file\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>9. \u8de8\u811a\u672c\u8c03\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728Bash\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528source\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8de8\u811a\u672c\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u547d\u4ee4source\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684Bash\u811a\u672c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\uff0cmy_info.bash\u548capp.bash\u3002\u811a\u672cmy_info.sh\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">function<\/span> my_info <span class=\"o\">(){<\/span>\r\n  lscpu &gt;&gt; <span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span> \r\n  uname \u2013a &gt;&gt; <span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span> \r\n  free \u2013h &gt;&gt; <span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"o\">}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u811a\u672capp.bash\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nb\">source<\/span> my_info.bash\r\nmy_info output.file\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884capp.bash\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5230source\u547d\u4ee4\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6267\u884cmy_info.bash\u811a\u672c\u3002\u5728app.bash\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528my_info.bash\u4e2d\u7684my_info\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>10. \u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u811a\u672c\u4e24\u79cd\u7ec4\u5408\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u591a\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5408\u5e76\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5355\u5143\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u811a\u672c\u90fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u8282\u8d77\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u4e24\u79cd\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u811a\u672c\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002Bash\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u7684\u771f\u5047\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u201c3\u5927\u4e8e2\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8bf4\u5b83\u662f\u771f\u7684\u3002\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u771f\u5047\u3002\u5728Bash\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528test\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$test<\/span> <span class=\"m\">3<\/span> -gt 2<span class=\"p\">;<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$?<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u547d\u4ee4test\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5224\u65ad\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684-gt\u8868\u793a\u5927\u4e8e\uff0c\u5373greater than\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u201c3\u5927\u4e8e2\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u662f0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u662f1\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$test<\/span> <span class=\"m\">3<\/span> -lt 2<span class=\"p\">;<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$?<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684-lt\u8868\u793a\u5c0f\u4e8e\uff0c\u5373less than\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u503c\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u76f8\u7b49\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5927\u4e8e\u548c\u5c0f\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5224\u65ad\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7b49\u4e8e\uff1a $test 3 -eq 3; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\uff1a $test 3 -ne 1; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\uff1a $test 5 -ge 2; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\uff1a $test 3 -le 1; echo $?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bash\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6587\u672c\u76f8\u540c: $test abc = abx; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u6587\u672c\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a $test abc != abx; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u6309\u7167\u8bcd\u5178\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u524d\uff1a $test apple &gt; tea; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u6309\u7167\u8bcd\u5178\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u540e\uff1a $test apple &lt; tea; echo $?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bash\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff1a $test \u2013e a.out; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a $test \u2013f file.txt; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a $test \u2013d myfiles; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u8f6f\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a $test \u2013L a.out; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u8bfb\uff1a $test \u2013r file.txt; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u5199\uff1a $test \u2013w file.txt; echo $?<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff1a $test \u2013x file.txt; echo $?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u505a\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u591a\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u6761\u4ef6\u7528\u201c\u4e0e\u3001\u6216\u3001\u975e\u201d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u590d\u5408\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u975e\uff0c\u4e0eexpression\u7684\u771f\u5047\u76f8\u53cd\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">! expression\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0e\uff0c\u5fc5\u987bexpression1\u548cexpression2\u90fd\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u624d\u4e3a\u771f\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">expression1 \u2013a expression2\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6216\uff0c\u53ea\u8981expression1\u548cexpression2\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u4e3a\u771f\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">expression1 \u2013o expression2\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2>11. \u9009\u62e9\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n<p>\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0cBash\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u5730\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6839\u636e\u6761\u4ef6\u51b3\u5b9a\u6267\u884c\u54ea\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u662f\u6309\u7167\u6307\u4ee4\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u7ed3\u6784\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u7ed9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6761\u4ef6\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684demo_if.bash\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nv\">var<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>whoami<span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">if<\/span> <span class=\"o\">[<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"root\"<\/span> <span class=\"o\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">then<\/span>   \r\n  <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"You are root\"<\/span>   \r\n  <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"You are my God.\"<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">fi<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684if\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5b57if\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7740[]\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5c31\u662fif\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6761\u4ef6\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48if\u5c06\u6267\u884cthen\u5230fi\u4e4b\u95f4\u5305\u542b\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8ethen\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48then\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u4e3aroot\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u975eroot\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48Shell\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7if&#8230;then&#8230;else&#8230;\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8ba9Bash\u811a\u672c\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u7ed3\u6784\u540c\u6837\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6761\u4ef6\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u6267\u884cthen\u9644\u5c5e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6267\u884celse\u9644\u5c5e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684demo_if_else.bash\u811a\u672c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nv\">filename<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"nv\">$1<\/span> \r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">if<\/span> <span class=\"o\">[<\/span> -e <span class=\"nv\">$filename<\/span> <span class=\"o\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">then<\/span>   \r\n  <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"<\/span><span class=\"nv\">$filename<\/span><span class=\"s2\"> exists\"<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"k\">else<\/span>   \r\n  <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"<\/span><span class=\"nv\">$filename<\/span><span class=\"s2\"> NOT exists\"<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"k\">fi<\/span> \r\n\r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"The End\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>if\u540e\u9762\u7684\u201c-e $filename\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5224\u65ad\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6761\u4ef6\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5373\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6267\u884cthen\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u811a\u672c\u5c06\u6267\u884celse\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684echo\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u672b\u5c3e\u7684fi\u7ed3\u675f\u6574\u4e2a\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u811a\u672c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ee5\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6267\u884c\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">$.\/demo_if_else.bash a.out\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u811a\u672c\u4f1a\u6839\u636ea.out\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528if&#8230;then&#8230;else&#8230;\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6267\u884c\u3002\u800c\u5728then\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u548celse\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u5d4c\u5957\u9009\u62e9\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u811a\u672cdemo_nest.bash:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nv\">var<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>whoami<span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"You are <\/span><span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"<\/span> \r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">if<\/span> <span class=\"o\">[<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"root\"<\/span> <span class=\"o\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">then<\/span>\r\n   <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"You are my God.\"<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"k\">else<\/span>   \r\n  <span class=\"k\">if<\/span> <span class=\"o\">[<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"vamei\"<\/span> <span class=\"o\">]<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"k\">then<\/span>\r\n     <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"You are a happy user.\"<\/span>\r\n   <span class=\"k\">else<\/span>\r\n     <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"You are the Others.\"<\/span>\r\n   <span class=\"k\">fi<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"k\">fi<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5728Bash\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528case\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5757\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u811a\u672cdemo_case.bash\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nv\">var<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>whoami<span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"You are <\/span><span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"k\">case<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span> in\r\nroot<span class=\"o\">)<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"You are God.\"<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"p\">;;<\/span>\r\nvamei<span class=\"o\">)<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"You are a happy user.\"<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"p\">;;<\/span>\r\n*<span class=\"o\">)<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"You are the Others.\"<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"p\">;;<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">esac<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u548c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684demo_nest.bash\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230case\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0eif\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5b57case\u540e\u9762\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u90fd\u4ee5\u6587\u672c\u6807\u7b7e)\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ee5;;\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5728case\u7ed3\u6784\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u9010\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u672c\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u5f53\u6761\u4ef6\u6587\u672c\u548c\u6587\u672c\u6807\u7b7e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0cBash\u5c31\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8be5\u6587\u672c\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u7528\u6237vamei\u6267\u884c\u8be5Bash\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6761\u4ef6\u6587\u672c\u548cvamei\u6807\u7b7e\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0a\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>You are a happy user.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u6587\u672c\u6807\u7b7e\u9664\u4e86\u662f\u4e00\u4e32\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u6587\u672c\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u3002\u7ed3\u6784case\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">\u901a\u914d\u7b26    \u542b\u4e49                    \u6587\u672c\u6807\u7b7e\u4f8b\u5b50          \u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u672c \r\n*\t \u4efb\u610f\u6587\u672c\t        *)\t            Xyz, 12a3, \u2026 \r\n?\t \u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26             a?c) \t            abc, axc, \u2026 \r\n[]\t \u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\t        [1-5][b-d])\t    2b, 3d, \u2026\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6807\u7b7e\u662f\u901a\u914d\u7b26*\uff0c\u5373\u8868\u793a\u4efb\u610f\u6761\u4ef6\u6587\u672c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e6\u53d1\u6b64\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u524d\u9762\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6807\u7b7e\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u622a\u80e1\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>12. \u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n<p>\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7b26\u5408\u67d0\u4e00\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5728while\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0cBash\u4f1a\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8ewhile\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u903b\u8f91\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684demo_while.bash\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nv\">now<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>date +<span class=\"s1\">'%Y%m%d%H%M'<\/span><span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nv\">deadline<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>date --date<span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'1 hour'<\/span> +<span class=\"s1\">'%Y%m%d%H%M'<\/span><span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">while<\/span> <span class=\"o\">[<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$now<\/span> -lt <span class=\"nv\">$deadline<\/span> <span class=\"o\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">do<\/span>\r\n   date\r\n   <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"not yet\"<\/span>\r\n   sleep 10\r\n   <span class=\"nv\">now<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>date +<span class=\"s1\">'%Y%m%d%H%M'<\/span><span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">done<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"now, deadline reached\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u5b57do\u548cdone\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8be5\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002\u5728while\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7740\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8be5\u6761\u4ef6\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u662f\u5426\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u5c0f\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u5c31\u4f1a\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0cBash\u5c06\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679cwhile\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u771f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5faa\u73af\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u64ad\u62a5\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">while<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">true<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">do<\/span>\r\n  date\r\n  sleep <span class=\"m\">1<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"k\">done<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5while\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6539\u53d8\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u9884\u5224\u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u5728demo_while.bash\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6539\u53d8\u7740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u66f4\u65b0\u53c2\u4e0e\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e0ewhile\u8bed\u6cd5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u662ffor\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u524d\u786e\u5b9a\u597d\u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982demo_for.bash\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">for<\/span> var in <span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>ls log*<span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">do<\/span> \r\n  rm <span class=\"nv\">$var<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">done<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4ls log*\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u4ee5log\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7531\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0cBash\u4f1a\u4f9d\u6b21\u53d6\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cfvar\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884cdo\u548cdone\u4e4b\u95f4\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8efor\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5757\u3002\u7531\u4e8els\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5728\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64for\u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5728\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728for\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u7531\u7a7a\u683c\u533a\u5206\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u6587\u672c\u4f1a\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">for<\/span> user in vamei anna yutian\r\n<span class=\"k\">do<\/span>\r\n   <span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$user<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">done<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0cfor\u5faa\u73af\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u548cseq\u547d\u4ee4\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u547d\u4ee4seq\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b49\u5dee\u7684\u6574\u6570\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf3\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u6574\u6570\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u6b21\u589e\u52a0\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"nv\">$seq<\/span> <span class=\"m\">1<\/span> <span class=\"m\">2<\/span> 10\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>1 3 5 7 9<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0cseq\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cseq\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8efor\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408for\u5faa\u73af\u548cseq\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u9ad8\u65af\u6c42\u548c\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u4ece1\u5230100\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6574\u6570\u7684\u548c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528Bash\u89e3\u51b3\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nv\">total<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"m\">0<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"k\">for<\/span> number in <span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>seq <span class=\"m\">1<\/span> <span class=\"m\">1<\/span> 100<span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">do<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"nv\">total<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"k\">$((<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$total<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$number<\/span> <span class=\"k\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">done<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$total<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528do while\u5faa\u73af\u6765\u6c42\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nv\">total<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span>0\r\n<span class=\"nv\">number<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"m\">1<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"k\">while<\/span> :\r\n<span class=\"k\">do<\/span> \r\n  <span class=\"k\">if<\/span> <span class=\"o\">[<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$number<\/span> -gt <span class=\"m\">100<\/span> <span class=\"o\">]<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"k\">then<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"nb\">break<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"k\">fi<\/span>\r\n\r\n  <span class=\"nv\">total<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"k\">$((<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$total<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$number<\/span> <span class=\"k\">))<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"nv\">number<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"k\">$((<\/span><span class=\"nv\">$number<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"m\">1<\/span><span class=\"k\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">done<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$total<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91ccbreak\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8ba1\u7b971\u5230100\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u88ab3\u6574\u6570\u7684\u548c\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528continue\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8df3\u8fc7\u6240\u6709\u88ab3\u6574\u6570\u7684\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"><span class=\"ch\">#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nv\">total<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"m\">0<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"k\">for<\/span> number in <span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>seq <span class=\"m\">1<\/span> <span class=\"m\">1<\/span> 100<span class=\"sb\">`<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">do<\/span> \r\n  <span class=\"k\">if<\/span> <span class=\"o\">((<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$number<\/span> % <span class=\"nv\">3<\/span> <span class=\"o\">==<\/span> <span class=\"m\">0<\/span> <span class=\"o\">))<\/span> \r\n  <span class=\"k\">then<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">continue<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"k\">fi<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"nv\">total<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"k\">$((<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$total<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$number<\/span> <span class=\"k\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">done<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"nb\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"nv\">$total<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2>13. Bash\u4e0eC\u8bed\u8a00<\/h2>\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b8cBash\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002Bash\u8bed\u8a00\u548cC\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u662fLinux\u4e0b\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\u90fd\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u67d0\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ec6\u8282\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u4e24\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u50a8\u5b58\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<li>\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5757<\/li>\n<li>\u9009\u62e9\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u6761\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5757<\/li>\n<li>\u51fd\u6570\uff1a\u590d\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u5757<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00\u65f6\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u501f\u9274\u5df2\u6709\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5f80\u5f80\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u5957\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f1a\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u8bed\u8a00\u65f6\u611f\u5230\u4eb2\u5207\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Bash\u548cC\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u9075\u5b88\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u9762\u5411\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002\u652f\u6301\u9762\u5411\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c01\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u628a\u591a\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\u5305\u88c5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u540d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c01\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u8fbe\u5230\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u65b0\u8bed\u8a00\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u6ce8\u610f\u5230Bash\u548cC\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002Bash\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u6587\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\uff0cC\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5374\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6574\u6570\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u7b49\u7c7b\u578b\u3002Bash\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u52a0\u51cf\u4e58\u9664\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u800cC\u76f4\u63a5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u51cf\u4e58\u9664\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0cC\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002C\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002CPU\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0cBash\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aShell\u3002\u5b83\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684Bash\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4e92\u52a8\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002Bash\u811a\u672c\u53ea\u80fd\u548cBash\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u50cfC\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528CPU\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cBash\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d7\u9650\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6bd4\u4e0d\u4e0a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u53e6\u4e00\u53cd\u9762\uff0cBash\u811a\u672c\u4e5f\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002 C\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u5f88\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u4e5f\u5f88\u590d\u6742\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u7528C\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u7e41\u7410\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002Bash\u6b63\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u7531\u4e8eBash\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6377\u5730\u8c03\u7528\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u884c\u7684\u811a\u672c\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cBash\u811a\u672c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531Bash\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7406\u89e3\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1Bash\u811a\u672c\u6bd4\u5199C\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u5feb\u5f88\u591a\u3002Linux\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\uff0c\u5c31\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5230Bash\u811a\u672c\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0cBash\u7f16\u7a0b\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u664b\u7ea7\u4e3a\u8d44\u6df1Linux\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tipjar\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5feb\u901f\u5b66\u4e60Bash Vamei 3 \u5c0f\u65f6\u524d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[117],"class_list":["post-896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","tag-01-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/896","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=896"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/896\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i007.cc\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}